Ukrainian brook lamprey
| Ukrainian brook lamprey | ||||||||||||
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Ukrainian brook lamprey ( Eudontomyzon mariae ) |
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| Eudontomyzon mariae | ||||||||||||
| ( Berg , 1931) |
The Ukrainian lamprey ( Eudontomyzon mariae ) is a species of the genus Eudontomyzon the lamprey .
features
The lamprey's body is very similar to that of a small eel . The animals do not belong to the bony fish , however , but to the jawless ones . In addition to the jaws, they also lack paired fins. Another characteristic of all lampreys is the presence of seven rounded gill openings behind the eye. In front of the eyes are the nasal pits. Instead of a jaw, lampreys have a mouth plate that is covered with numerous teeth, the number, arrangement and shape of which can be used to determine.
The Ukrainian brook lamprey has a total length of up to 22 cm, most animals are about 18 cm long. The highest measured age is seven years. The spatulate caudal fin turns gray to black in adults. There are numerous lip teeth, mostly arranged in rows, on the edge of the oral disc. The inner lip teeth are arranged irregularly.
distribution
The species is relatively widespread in Eastern Europe . So she was u. a. detected in the catchment areas of the Oder , the Vistula and the Memel , which drain into the Baltic Sea. It is also native to the northern Black Sea catchment area - from the Danube to the Kuban (including the Don , Dniester and Dnieper ), as well as the Sura and Volga , which are part of the Caspian Basin . In the Danube system it occurs only downstream of the Iron Gate . The species was also found once in the upper catchment area of the Czech March .
biology
Eudontomyzon mariae is a pure freshwater species, so it does not migrate into the sea and prefers clear, oxygen-rich water. The ammocoets sit in sand or clay sediments and feed there for 3–4 years on organic particles which they filter from the water column. In September – December the lampreys undergo a metamorphosis and mature into adults. The spawning season begins in late April with water temperatures between 11 and 16 ° C and ends in early May, at higher altitudes a little later in the year. The adult animals do not eat any more. They belong to the non-predatory representatives of the lampreys.
The species is classified by the IUCN as " Least Concern " ( LC ). However, a slow population decline is expected. Locally, the species is threatened by the construction of dams and water pollution .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Eudontomyzon mariae on Fishbase.org (English)
- ^ Peter S. Maitland, Keith Linsell: Freshwater fish: drawn all kinds of Europe . Kosmos, 2007, ISBN 3-440-10962-3 .
- ↑ Maurice Kottelat, Jörg Freyhof: Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Ed .: Kottelat. Cornol, 2007, ISBN 978-2-8399-0298-4 .
- ^ Jörg Freyhof: Eudontomyzon mariae. In: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011, accessed December 3, 2018 .