United States Intelligence Community

	United States Intelligence Community; - IC -
State level	Federation
Position of the authority	Association of civil and military intelligence services
Supervisory authority (s)	President of the United States
Consist	since December 4, 1981
Headquarters	Washington, DC , United States;
Authority management	DNI: ; John Ratcliffe; PD / DNI: ; vacant
Employee	Top Secret Security Cleared Persons, Estimated 854,000 (2010)
Website	www.intelligence.gov

Alternative seal of the US Intelligence Community

Previous logo of the US Intelligence Community

The United States Intelligence Community ( IC ; German intelligence community of the United States ) is an association of 17 intelligence services in the United States . The then President Ronald Reagan ordered the formation of this intelligence community on December 4, 1981 by decree , Executive Order 12333 .

The agency is based in Washington, DC The intelligence community is led by the Director of National Intelligence , since May 26, 2020 John Ratcliffe .

Members

The official seals of 16 members of the US Intelligence Community.

The US intelligence community consists of 17 services; the community includes:

the Office of the Director of National Intelligence , the independent agency of the head of the 16 US intelligence services (or intelligence departments of ministries and agencies (e.g. FBI)) of the Director of National Intelligence . This office was formerly held in personal union by the head of the CIA, but was made legally independent in 2004 and practically independent in 2005 in order to improve the coordination and cooperation of the very fragmented secret service organizations in the USA.
the independent Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the US civilian foreign intelligence service

Organizations subordinate to the US Department of Defense:
- National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA), which supplies maps and images using geospecific remote intelligence .

United States Department of Energy : Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence

Foreign Ministry : Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR)

Ministry of Finance : Office of Intelligence and Analysis (OIA)

Department of Homeland Security (Department of Homeland Security (DHS)) and (except in the case of defense) assumed her

Coast Guard with the United States Coast Guard Intelligence (CGI)
Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A)

US Department of Justice authorities

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), whose main traditional role is counter-espionage . Counter-terrorism was added later. To this end, it maintains the main departments “National Security Division” and “Counterterrorism Division” (department counter-terrorism).
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

history

The oldest intelligence service in the United States is the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI), which was founded in 1882 as the intelligence department of the US Navy.

The United States Army's intelligence service was founded in 1885 as the Military Intelligence Division (MID) .

In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt called the initially civilian " Office of the Coordinator of Information " (COI) into being, which on July 13, 1942 was converted into the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). It was an operationally working secret service that was subordinate to an overall military organization, the Joint Chiefs of Staff . His area of responsibility included obtaining information, disinformation for the enemy, psychological warfare , partisan support, sabotage and counter-espionage. All departments already existed in the COI.

The OSS worked largely in the European theater of war, since General Douglas MacArthur , the Supreme Commander in the Pacific , only worked with the intelligence services of the branches of the armed forces, in particular the Military Intelligence Division of the Army.

The first head of the OSS was Major General "Wild Bill" Donovan (1883–1959) - a friend of the President.

The OSS was dissolved again after the Second World War on September 20, 1945, but many of the employees were taken over by the CIA founded in 1947 or worked for the American Committee for a United Europe .

Employees and budgets

When Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks published their exposé book CIA about this and the US secret services in 1974 , approx.

56,000 employees for Air Intelligence Agency (AIA) on a budget of $ 2.7 billion

24,000 employees for the then second largest US intelligence agency, the National Security Agency (NSA), with a budget of 1.2 billion US dollars

35,000 employees for United States Army Intelligence with a budget of 700 million US dollars

16,500 employees for the CIA on a budget of $ 750 million

15,000 employees the Naval Intelligence Service ( Office of Naval Intelligence ) with a budget of 600 million US dollars

5000 employees for the Defense Intelligence Agency (200 million US dollar budget), which processed the findings of the intelligence services of the armed forces for the Ministry of Defense, the government and other services without procuring it itself.

There were also the intelligence departments of the US Federal Police FBI with 800 agents and a budget of 40 million US dollars (International Security Department), the intelligence department of the Atomic Energy Commission with 300 employees and a 20 million US dollar budget, and 300 agents from the Treasury (Department of the Treasury) with a budget of 10 million US dollars.

literature

Victor Marchetti: CIA. With an introduction by Melvin L. Wulf. 2nd Edition. Heyne, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-453-00548-1 .

Web links

Commons : United States Intelligence Community - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Official website of the United States Intelligence Community (English)
Information about the executive order Reagan (English)

Individual evidence

↑ Our Mission at intelligence.gov , accessed October 22, 2013

[1] Our Mission at intelligence.gov , accessed October 22, 2013