Urtene

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Urtene
factory canal
Woolibach, Quellbach der Urtene near Deisswil

Woolibach, Quellbach der Urtene near Deisswil

Data
Water code CH : 539
location Canton of Bern ; Switzerland
River system Rhine
Drain over Emme  → Aare  → Rhine  → North Sea
source at Schönbrunnen near Münchenbuchsee
47 ° 2 ′ 2 ″  N , 7 ° 26 ′ 3 ″  E
Source height 526  m above sea level M.
muzzle below the Hof settlement between Bätterkinden and Schalunen in the Emme Coordinates: 47 ° 7 ′ 11 ″  N , 7 ° 32 ′ 7 ″  E ; CH1903:  607 328  /  218745 47 ° 7 '11 "  N , 7 ° 32' 7"  O
Mouth height 479  m above sea level M.
Height difference 47 m
Bottom slope 2.4 ‰
length 19.3 km (22.9 with Dorfbach and Bäreriedbach)
Catchment area 97 km²
Discharge at the estuary
A Eo gauge : 51.1 km² 		MQ
Mq
 		2.03 m³ / s
39.7 l / (s km²)
Urtenen River.jpg

The Urtene , also called Urtenenbach , is a 19 km long left tributary of the Emme in the Swiss canton of Bern . It drains a section of the central Bernese plateau and belongs to the catchment area of ​​the Rhine . The catchment area of ​​the Urtene has an area of ​​97 km².

geography

The Urtene rises at Schönbrunnen near Münchenbuchsee . Here it is fed by several small streams that arise on the eastern slope of the Frienisberg plateau and on the Rapperswil plateau ( Woolibach ) and flow into the Moosseetal depression. It initially flows to the east and initially feeds the Kleiner Moossee and shortly afterwards the Grosser Moossee . The latter leaves the Urtene at Urtenen-Schönbühl . It now flows northeast through a wide depression between the heights of the Rapperswil plateau and the hills of Grauholz and Längenberg. This valley low is filled with ground moraine material from the Ice Age Rhone and Aare glaciers.

At Zauggenried, southeast of Fraubrunnen , the Urtene enters the alluvial plain of the Emme. It now flows northwards through the Fraubrunnenmoos on the western edge of the flood plain. Below the settlement of Hof between Bätterkinden and Schalunen it flows at 478 m above sea level. M. in the Emme. The water drainage is regulated by a weir, so that when the water level is low to normal, most of the water is directed via a side channel of the Emme to Bätterkinden, which only joins the Emme north of the village.

Hydrology

The gradient is just 0.24% along the entire stretch of the river. The Urtene is characterized by a pluvial flow regime , with the average flow rate in the case of shells being 1.6 m³ / s. The floods are also quite low compared to the base runoff, with Schalunen flood peaks with runoffs of 15 m³ / s were registered. The Urtene has only a few side streams, the most important of which are the village streams of Jegenstorf and Hindelbank. The water quality of the stream is heavily polluted by the intensive agricultural use of the areas in the catchment area; The ammonium and nitrate content of the water is well above the level required for a healthy biological situation.

History and use

The water name Urtene originally goes back to the Celtic language , the root word urd has the meaning of the bubbling .

The Urtene used to flow through extensive swamp areas. The swamping of the floodplains began as early as the 18th century, for example in 1780 in the Moosseetal, from 1847 to 1852 in the Fraubrunnenmoos and from 1855 to 1859 in the Moosseen area. The other sections were then canalized and straightened so that the Urtene no longer had any natural river sections until 1995. Since then, measures to revitalize the course of the river have been underway in several sections.

In the past, the water power of the Urtene was used to operate mills. For this purpose, a canal was diverted to Fraubrunnen near Zauggenried, which supplied the mills there and the nail forge with energy.

Hof, at the junction of the Urtene in the Emme, a channel system leading up to Bätterkinden whose main branch Urtenenkanal means. This canal system can absorb water from both the Urtene and the Emme. The water supplied in this way was used in Bätterkinden to power the mill, among other things. The Urtenenkanal flows into the Emme above the Emmensteg . The canal system is used today for electricity production by small power plants.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b water network in WebGis geographic information system of Berne
  2. ↑ a b Geoserver of the Swiss Federal Administration ( information )
  3. ↑ Modeled mean annual discharge. In: Topographical catchment areas of Swiss waters: area outlets. Retrieved November 2, 2015 .
  4. ↑ emphasis on the "u"; both "e" unstressed Schwa
  5. ↑ In High German spelling, derived from the village of Urtenen, part of the municipality of Urtenen-Schönbühl
  6. ↑ in the Swiss German dialect the bond-n (between Urtene and -Bach) is not pronounced