Véhicule automatique léger
Véhicule automatique léger ( VAL , German: "light automatic vehicle") is a particularly light-weight, driverless, lane-guided public transport system that can be used as a people mover e.g. B. is used in airports and as a rapid transit system. Originally developed by Matra , VAL is now a product from Siemens Mobility .
technology
The support and drive function is performed by rubber-tyred wheels on a concrete driveway . Lateral guide wheels roll along guide rails attached to the side. At points where the lateral guide rails are interrupted, such as in switches, guide rails in the middle of the track take over the lateral guidance. The switch function is realized by a single tongue between the guide rails, roughly comparable to a movable frog point in switches on two-rail tracks.
The system is based on an invention by Professor Robert Gabillard ( Université Lille Nord de France ) and was developed by Matra Transport in the early 1980s . Matra's traffic engineering department has been part of Siemens Transportation Systems since 2001 .
The VAL system was first used in 1983 at the then newly built Métro Lille . It is particularly suitable for medium-sized cities because of its lower cost. The acronym originally meant Villeneuve-d'Ascq à Lille (German: " Villeneuve-d'Ascq to Lille ") and referred to the two endpoints of the first route. Only later did it become véhicule automatique léger .
As with some other driverless passenger transport systems, the platforms in the VAL system are separated from the tracks by transparent glass walls with embedded platform screen doors. This is to prevent accidents caused by people or objects falling on the road and suicides . The platform screen doors open and close at the same time as the vehicle doors to switch passengers after a train has entered the station.
The automatic line 14 of Métro Paris and the fully automatic line D of Métro Lyon , on the other hand, are not VAL systems, and neither is the Lausanne Metro, which opened in 2008 .
Neoval
Since 2004, Siemens has been developing the successor to the Val together with the French Lohr Group in the Neoval project. As with the Translohr system developed by Lohr, the trains in the Neoval system are continuously guided by a central rail with a hexagonal rail head cross-section and do not require any electrical supply between the stations . The side guide rails and the associated horizontal guide wheels are omitted. The aim is to reduce the costs for the infrastructure, since no additional power rails or overhead lines are required. The system will also be able to recover and use the braking energy through a regenerative braking system . Since March 2009, the Airval, the first Neoval pre-series vehicle, has been tested on the Lohr test track in Strasbourg.
Cityval
The Cityval system is based on the Neoval project. Line B of Métro Rennes will be the first use of this system. 19 two-part Cityval trains have been ordered for this line, which is scheduled to go into operation at the end of 2018.
Airval
On June 8, 2009, Siemens presented the Airval system at the UITP World Congress in Vienna. Airval is also based on the Neoval project and is the variant for use at airports as a people mover .
In December 2017, Siemens announced the order for an Airval system to connect the terminals at Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok.
At Frankfurt Airport , a 5.6-kilometer Airval route will connect the new Terminal 3 with the existing terminals from 2023. The trains should run every 2 minutes and the travel time between Terminal 1 and 3 should be 8 minutes.
Installations
city | country | business | Lines | Network length in km | vehicles | Planned operation | Art | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lille | France | Lille Metro | 2 | 45 | 83 Val 206 60 Val 208 |
1983 | city | The second line opened in 1989. |
Jacksonville (Florida) | United States | - | Val 256 | 1989 | city | Replaced by monorail in December 1996. The two vehicles were sold to Chicago. | ||
Toulouse | France | Toulouse metro | 2 | 28 | 29 Val 206 70 Val 208 |
1993 | city | The second line opened in June 2007. |
Chicago | United States | 1 | 4th | 15 Val 256 | 1993 | Airport | Connecting line at O'Hare Airport 2 vehicles were taken over from Jacksonville |
|
Taipei | Taiwan | Taipei City Express Railway | 1 | 26th | 102 Val 256 | 1996 | city | Wenshan Line, known as Muzha Line until October 8, 2009. 202 Bombardier vehicles also operate on the line. |
Rennes | France | Rennes metro | 1 (+1) | 9 (+13) | 24 Val 208 19 Cityval ordered for line B. |
2002 | city | Line B under construction until 2018 |
Paris | France | Orlyval | 1 | 7th | 8 Val 206 | 2003 | Airport | Shuttle to Paris-Orly Airport |
Turin | Italy | Turin metro | 1 | 13 | 46 Val 208 | 2006 | city | |
Paris | France | CDGVAL | 2 | 5 | 10 Val 208 NG | 2007 | Airport | Connecting tram at Charles de Gaulle Airport |
Uijeongbu | Korea | Uijeongbu Light Rail Transit | 1 | 11 | 15 Val 208 | 2012, June 27 | city | |
Bangkok | Thailand | 1 | 1 | 6 two-part Airval | 2020 | Airport | Connecting tram at Suvarnabhumi Airport | |
Frankfurt | Germany | 1 | 5.6 | 12 two-part Airval | 2023 | Airport | Connection tram to Terminal 3 at Frankfurt Airport |
Vehicle types
The designations for the vehicle types Val 206, Val 208 and Val 256 are derived from their width.
Type | Years of construction | number | length | width | height | Dimensions | power | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Val 206 | 1983 | 120 | 26.14 m | 2.06 m | 3.25 m | 30.5 t | 480 kW | 1st generation |
Val 208 | 2000 | 161 | 26 m | 2.08 m | 3.27 m | 28 t | 520 kW | 2nd generation |
Val 208 NG | 2006 | 64 | 26 m | 2.08 m | revised 2nd gen. | |||
Val 256 | 1989-1993 | 117 | 13.78 m | 2.56 m | 3.53 m | wide version | ||
Cityval | 19 ordered | 11.20 m | 2.65 m | 3.60 m | based on Neoval | |||
Airval | 18 ordered | 11.20 m | 2.80 m | 3.60 m | based on Neoval |
Projects
In Aachen the project was under Campus train investigated the use of the system Cityval. The steering committee spoke out in favor of it in early 2011. In a referendum initiated by the citizens' initiative “Campusbahn = megalomania” in March 2013, around 66% of the people taking part in the vote decided against the Campusbahn.
gallery
See also
List of automatic guided systems
Individual evidence
- ↑ JM Erbina, C. Soulas: Twenty Years of Experiences with DRIVERLESS METROS in France . 19th Transport Science Days, [22. and September 23, 2003 in Dresden]. In: Mobility and Traffic Management in a Networked World . Techn. Univ., Fac. Traffic Science Friedrich List, Dresden 2003 ( ethz.ch ).
- ↑ a b Siemens PR, June 8, 2009: Siemens presents the new generation of fully automatic metro
- ^ Siemens PR, November 16, 2010: Siemens is building a new metro line in Rennes, France
- ↑ Siemens press release, December 14, 2017: Siemens builds fully automated people mover at Bangkok Airport
- ↑ Siemens delivers fully automated people mover for the Frankfurt Airport. Siemens, March 20, 2018, accessed March 27, 2018 .
- ↑ Peter Thomas: Fraport gives rubber In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. No. 73, 2018 (2018-03-27), p. T2.
- ^ Siemens PR, June 30, 2007: Opening of a second Val line in Toulouse ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Railway Gazette: Siemens selected for Rennes metro Line B . Retrieved November 17, 2010.
- ↑ 의정부 경전철 (Webpage) In: Construction Timeline . U line. Archived from the original on March 31, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ↑ 의정부 경전철 (Webpage) In: About Company . U line. Archived from the original on March 31, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
- ↑ Siemens PR, November 14, 2006: Siemens delivers VAL type metro system to South Korea (PDF; 23 kB)
- ↑ Siemens Web: Mobility Projects Asia Uijeongbu (Séoul) ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Siemens brochure: Cityval - High capacity driverless metro ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 884 kB)
- ↑ Siemens brochure: Airval - Advanced airport APM ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 710 kB)
- ↑ Feasibility study: Campus train embedded without overhead line Aachener Nachrichten Online, January 11, 2010 (accessed on April 9, 2011)
- ↑ Clear no to the Aachener Campusbahn Aachener Zeitung from March 10, 2013, accessed on November 17, 2013
Web links
- Systèmes Val. Siemens, accessed on July 23, 2010 (French).
- Val, le plus performant des métros automatiques. Siemens, accessed on July 23, 2010 (French).
- Siemens presents a new generation of fully automated metro. Siemens, accessed on May 20, 2011 .
- The metro for the 21st century. ( FLV ; 14.4 MB) Siemens, accessed on May 20, 2011 (English).