Vanilla annamica
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Vanilla annamica is a species of plant in the genus Vanilla ( Vanilla ) in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It grows as a climbing plant in East Asia.
description
Vanilla annamica is an evergreen climber that is six to 20 meters high. The shoot measures about one centimeter in diameter, the nodes are somewhat thickened, the internodes measure six to ten centimeters and are slightly curved. The leaves are 13 to 22 inches long and five to ten inches wide. The leaf shape is oval, the end is slightly extended and ends blunt. The leaf base merges into a petiole, which measures one to 1.5 centimeters in length and is just as wide.
The flowering period of Vanilla annamica extends from April to May in China. The inflorescence is usually branched, the individual inflorescence axes measure four to seven centimeters, the compound inflorescence is up to twenty centimeters in size. The bracts are oval, concave, protruding, bluntly ending, they are 0.7 to 1.2 centimeters in size. The flowers are greenish white. Sepals and petals are 1.4 to two inches long, 0.4 to 0.6 inches wide and lanceolate in shape. The lip is undivided or slightly three-lobed, the edge is not wavy, it forms a tube with the column , with which it is fused up to half of it. The lip is three inches long and 1.5 inches wide, in the middle it is covered with a band of fleshy, backward-pointing hair. The column becomes about two centimeters long, the front end is not covered by the lip. The spindle-shaped capsule fruit is up to ten centimeters long and 1.5 centimeters in diameter. Ripe fruits were observed from September to January.
distribution
Vanilla annamica is found in southern China, Vietnam and Thailand. It grows at altitudes of 800 to 1300 meters. She climbs trees and rocks, often in damp, shady places.
Systematics and botanical history
Vanilla annamica was first described by François Gagnepain in 1931 . The type specimen has only buds, no open flowers.
Within the genus Vanilla , Vanilla annamica is classified in the subgenus Xanata and there in the section Thethya , which contains all species of the paleotropic species . According to Portères, Vanilla annamica is similar to the Madagascan Vanilla francoisii and the African Vanilla grandifolia , which, according to Soto Arenas and Cribb, are not closely related. Related species are rather Vanilla somai from Taiwan, and possibly Vanilla moonii .
literature
- Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.
- Chen Xinqi, Stephan W. Gale, Phillip Cribb : Vanilla . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 25 : Orchidaceae . Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 2009, ISBN 978-1-930723-90-0 , pp. 168 ( efloras.org ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Chen Xinqi, Phillip J. Cribb: Vanilla. In: Flora of China. Volume 25, p. 168.
- ↑ a b c d Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. Pp. 179-180.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Vanilla annamica. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 18, 2020.
- ↑ Vanilla annamica. In: Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Series 2, Volume 3, No. 7, 1931, p. 686 ( gallica.bnf.fr ).
- ↑ a b c Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageeric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 368 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF]).