Vanilla grandifolia

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Vanilla grandifolia
Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Vanilloideae
Tribe : Vanilleae
Genre : Vanilla ( vanilla )
Type : Vanilla grandifolia
Scientific name
Vanilla grandifolia
Kraenzl.

Vanilla grandifolia is a species of the genus Vanilla ( Vanilla ) in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It grows as a climbing plant in West Africa.

description

Vanilla grandifolia is an evergreen climber with a slender stem (0.8 centimeters in diameter). The leaves are five to 25 inches long and five to 17 inches wide. The leaf shape is broad oval to rounded oval with a short, blunt, attached tip. The leaf base turns into a wide, up to two centimeters long petiole.

The inflorescence is often terminal, it measures usually five to six, rarely up to twelve centimeters in length, the inflorescence axis is thick and fleshy. The lower bracts are pointed, up to two centimeters long, further to the end of the inflorescence they get smaller (up to 0.7 centimeters) and end bluntly. The flower stalk and ovary are together six inches long. Sepals and petals are yellowish, 3.5 to five centimeters long and oval to lanceolate in shape; they end bluntly. The lip is undivided, it forms a reddish-colored tube around the column , the front edge is wavy. The lip ends with an attached tip. The column is three centimeters long and fused with the lip in its lower half. The separating tissue between the stamen and the stigma (rostellum) is very large. The capsule fruit is black when ripe, 15 to 30 centimeters long and two centimeters in diameter. It contains brown, shiny seeds.

distribution

Vanilla grandifolia occurs in tropical West Africa: in Gabon , Congo and on Príncipe . It grows epiphytically in the tropical rainforest.

Systematics and botanical history

Vanilla grandifolia was first described by Lindley in 1896 .

Within the genus Vanilla , Vanilla grandifolia is classified in the subgenus Xanata and there in the section Tethya , which contains all species of the paleotropic plants . According to Portères, Vanilla grandifolia is similar to the Madagascan Vanilla francoisii and the Asian Vanilla annamica . Soto Arenas and Cribb name Vanilla imperialis as a similar species, and Vanilla ochyrae and Vanilla polylepis as further relatives .

literature

  • Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. Pp. 176-178.
  2. ↑ a b c d Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageeric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 376 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF; 692 kB ]).
  3. ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Vanilla grandifolia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 19, 2020.
  4. ↑ In: J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. Volume 6, 1862, p. 138.