Treaty of Kalish (1343)

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The Treaty of Kalisch was a peace treaty signed on July 8, 1343 in Kalisch between the Kingdom of Poland under King Casimir III. and the Teutonic Order under Grand Master Ludolf König von Wattzau . He put an end to the long diplomatic disputes over Pomeranian including Danzig . An area that the Teutonic Order had owned since 1308 and which it considered " legitimate property " since the conclusion of the Treaty of Soldin in 1309 with the Margraves of Brandenburg . In the Treaty of Kalisch, Casimir III undertook not to raise any more claims on Pomeranian or on the Kulmer Land and Michelauer Land in the future . In return, he received the Kujawien and Dobriner Land , conquered by the Teutonic Knights between 1329 and 1332 . The peace agreement also had to be confirmed in seven cities: Poznan and Kalish in Greater Poland , Leslau and Kujawisch-Brest in Kujawia and Krakow , Sandomir and New Sandez in Lesser Poland .

The conclusion of the Kalisch treaty in 1343 was preceded by lengthy diplomatic and legal quarrels with the Polish monarch, who was considered to be controversial. The Pope had also been called. In 1339, Grand Master Dietrich von Altenburg presented the papal commission of inquiry with a document that the Order had acquired from the Margraves of Brandenburg in the Treaty of Soldin in 1309 and from which it emerged that the Brandenburg Ascanians were in Ravenna in December 1231 in Ravenna by the Roman-German Emperor Friedrich II . had been enfeoffed with the Duchy of Pomerania . This enfeoffment of the Ascanians with Pomerania-Stettin was renewed on January 8, 1295 in Mühlhausen. However, Emperor Frederick II's loan document only referred to the Duchy of Pomerania the Griffin and was always contested by the Dukes of Pomerania.

When the Curia took the side of the Order and also offered an opportunity to expand in the southeast , Casimir III consented. In 1343 he finally joined the Treaty of Kalisch. The exchange of the peace certificates drafted in Kalisch on July 8, 1343 and the oath took place on July 23, 1343 in a ceremony on a meadow near the village of Wierzbiczany between Jungbreslau and Morin .

Two provisions of the treaty, the deletion of Pomeranian from the title of the Polish king and a compensation payment, were subsequently not carried out. Nevertheless, the Peace Treaty of Kalisch lasted, because after that there was no more conflict between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order for 66 years.

literature

  • Gotthold Rhode : A Brief History of Poland. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1965, pp. 70–72

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Scriptores rerum Prussicarum - The historical sources of Prussian prehistoric times (T. Hirsch, M. Töppen and E. Strehlke, eds.), Leipzig 1861, p. 708, note 91 .
  2. ^ Friederich II. Roman Kayser, enfeoffed Johannem and his brother Ottonem, seel. Marggraffen Alberti sons, with the Marck Brandenburg and the Hertzogthum Pommern, like this one to her father and the previous Marggraffen zu Brandenburg was bestowed by him and his ancestors. In: Friedrich von Dreger : Codex Pomeraniae diplomaticus. Volume I except for the year 1269 including Haude and Spener, Berlin 1768, pp. 149–152, no. LXXXVII .
  3. ^ Jacob Caro : History of Poland. Second part (1300-1386). Perthes, Cottbus 1886, p. 27, note 2
  4. ↑ T. Hirsch , M. Töppen, E. Strehlke (eds.): Scriptores rerum Prussicarum - The historical sources of the Prussian prehistoric times until the fall of the order. Volume 2. Leipzig 1863, p. 500, note 324