Włocławek

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Włocławek
Włocławek Coat of Arms
Włocławek (Poland)
Włocławek
Włocławek
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Kuyavian Pomeranian
Powiat : District-free city
Area : 84.80  km²
Geographic location : 52 ° 39 ′  N , 19 ° 5 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 39 ′ 0 ″  N , 19 ° 5 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 110,287
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 87-800 to 87-822
Telephone code : (+48) 54
License plate : CW
Economy and Transport
Rail route : Kutno – Toruń
Next international airport : Bydgoszcz
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Surface: 84.80 km²
Residents: 110,287
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 1301 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 0464011
Administration (as of 2020)
City President : Marek Wojtkowski
Address: Zielony Rynek 11/13
87-800 Włocławek
Website : www.wloclawek.pl



Włocławek Cathedral

Włocławek [ vwɔˈʦwavɛk ] ( German Leslau ) is a large Polish city ​​in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is located on the Vistula , around 90 km southeast of Bydgoszcz and 50 km southeast of Toruń , the two voivodeship capitals , and 140 km northwest of the Polish capital Warsaw .

climate

Compared to other places in Poland there is a particularly favorable microclimate thanks to the surroundings of pine forests, hills and Vistula valley . The duration of sunshine is particularly long and the amount of precipitation is particularly low.

history

In the 11th century a settlement was built on the Vistula , which has been the seat of a diocese subordinate to the Archbishop of Gniezno since 1123 and which received city rights under Kulm law in 1261 . The German name Leslau also comes from this time . In the 14th and 15th centuries, the city was destroyed and subjugated several times by the Teutonic Knights . It was not until the Peace Treaty of Thorn in 1466 that peace was secured.

After that, the grain trade flourished until the Swedish invasion in 1657 partially destroyed the city.

After the Second Partition of Poland , Włocławek fell to Prussia in 1793 , and to the Duchy of Warsaw after the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 . After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the city became part of the newly formed, belonging to Russia Congress Poland .

Włocławek soon became an industrial city with well-known companies. In the 19th century, the chicory factory of Ferdinand Bohm, the cellulose factory of the Cassirer brothers ( Max Cassirer , later also active in Berlin), the Steinhagen & Singer pulp factory , fourteen breweries (the most famous of Bojańczyk), a brickworks, and an agricultural machinery factory were located (Wilhelm Haack, later also Hugo Mühsam), the Buchholtz printing company and the rope and wire producer Carl Hauke. The Teichfeld & Asterblum faience and porcelain factory has now become the Wzorcownia shopping center.

During the First World War , the industrial site was in the front line in October 1914 and suffered considerable damage as a result of the fighting. In 1918 the city became part of the newly formed Polish Republic.

Deportation of Jews on October 6, 1941

During the Second World War (1939–1945), the city ​​belonged to the Reichsgau Wartheland in the German Empire (see also Leslau district ). After the Second World War, in which a third of the city was destroyed, factories and workshops were rebuilt in the post-war years . Chemical products as well as furniture and food processing have developed into the most important branches of industry in the city. Since 1969 the city has had a lock system that regulates the water level in the Vistula.

In 2012 the Special Economic Zone Włocławek Economic Development Area was created with tax exemption and other help for international investors.

politics

City Presidents

A city ​​president is at the head of the city administration . Since 2014 this has been Marek Wojtkowski ( PO ). The 2018 elections brought the following results:

  • Marek Wojtkowski ( Koalicja Obywatelska ) 26.3% of the vote
  • Jarosław Chmielewski ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość ) 23.4% of the vote
  • Krzystof Kukucki ( Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej / Lewica Razem ) 20.8% of the vote
  • Maciej Maciaka (Maciej Maciaka Election Committee) 14.1% of the vote
  • Jacek Kużniewicz (Election Committee “Profit for Włocławek”) 6.3% of the vote
  • Dariusz Wesołowski (Włocławek Election Committee) 4.3% of the vote
  • Emanuel Kalejaiye (non-party) 2.3% of the vote
  • The remaining 2.5% of the vote

In the runoff election that was necessary, Wojtkowski prevailed against the PiS candidate Chmielewski with 63.0% of the vote .

City council

The city council consists of 25 members and is directly elected. The 2018 city council election led to the following result:

  • Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) 25.1% of the vote, 9 seats
  • Koalicja Obywatelska (KO) 24.4% of the vote, 8 seats
  • Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (SLD) / Lewica Razem (Razem) 21.4% of the vote, 7 seats
  • Election Committee Włocławek 7.9% of the vote, 1 seat
  • Maciej Maciaka Election Committee 7.8% of the vote, no seat
  • Election committee “Profit for Włocławek” 6.3% of the vote, no seat
  • Kukiz'15 3.8% of the vote, no seat
  • Election committee of the Włocławek residents' association 2.2% of the vote, no seat
  • Remaining 1.2% of the vote, no seat

German traces

The first traces of the German community in Włocławek are connected with the town charter under Kulm law ( Magdeburg law ), the Teutonic Order and the well-known cathedral school (which was attended by the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus ). There are many works by German artists in the city, including by Veit Stoss and Hans Meyer in the Maria-Himmelfahrt-Dom, by Albrecht Altdorfer and Heinrich Aldegrever in the art collections in the Museum of the Kujawier and Dobriner Land as well as works by Albrecht Dürer and Augsburg jewelery in the Diocesan Museum . The business of merchants from Włoclawek with the Hanseatic cities (including Thorn and Danzig ) was important.

In Włocławek there were many great entrepreneurs of German origin since the 19th century (Gotfryd Gross, Steinhagen family, Ferdinand Bohm, Cassirer brothers, Wilhelm Haack, Hugo Mühsam, Carl Klauke, Teichfeld & Asterblum). Other well-known personalities of this time were Julian Balthasar Marchlewski , co-founder of the Spartakusbund in Germany, and Marie Steiner-von Sivers , anthroposophist and actress.

Marcel Reich-Ranicki , publicist and literary critic, spent his childhood here. In the years 1939–1945 the city was called Leslau on the Vistula. With the “ Heim ins Reich ” campaign, many so-called ethnic Germans were resettled here.

Attractions

Assumption Cathedral
Copernicus sundial on the Assumption Cathedral

Assumption Cathedral

Assumption of Mary Cathedral (Polish: Bazylika katedralna Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny) - Gothic ( brick Gothic ) cathedral, from 1340, with the oldest glass windows in Poland and numerous sculptures (e.g. by Veit Stoss ) and paintings by Juan Correa de Vivar , Jan from Florence , Francisco de Zurbarán or Józef Mehoffer . Here is also the famous sundial, which was probably built by Mikołaj Wódka (Abstemius) and Nicolaus Copernicus .

Kopernikusplatz

Seminary

There are: Cathedral of the Assumption of Mary, the seminary (oldest seminary in Poland, founded in 1569, formerly the cathedral school) and St. Vitalis Church. Nicolaus Copernicus lived here from 1488–91. The cathedral school was destroyed several times. Today we can see a neo-Gothic complex.

St. Vitalis Church

St. Vitalis Church (Polish: Kościół św. Witalisa) - brick Gothic building , founded in 1330 by Bishop Mathias from Paluka. The main Gothic altar from 1460 is remarkable. It is one of the oldest churches in Poland.

Saint John the Baptist Church

Saint John the Baptist Church

Church of St. John the Baptist (Polish Kościół św. Jana Chrzciciela) - late Gothic building with Renaissance and Baroque elements, from 1560. The chapel was designed by Jan Baptist from Venice (Polish Jan Baptysta Wenecjanin).

Brewery B

Cultural center brewery B

Cultural center in the former brewery from 1832. The cultural center offers a concert hall, a museum for masses and scales, a cinema, rooms for several cultural societies and cultural associations, as well as a restaurant and café.

Church and monastery complex of the Franciscans

Franciscan church and monastery complex - from 1639 to 1644, in the baroque style.

Town houses

Bourgeois houses - on the Altmarkt, from the 18th century. B. the Museum of History.

Marshal Piłsudki Boulevard

Marshal Piłsudki Boulevard - on the largest river in Poland, the Vistula . There are several storehouses (now museums), the bishop's palace from 1861 in the classicistic style (with parts from the XIV century), town houses and an entertainment park.

Episcopal Palace

Protestant church

This neo-Gothic church was built from 1877 to 1881 thanks to Fryderyk Wilhelm Cords and pastor Rudolf Zirkwitz. The altar with the picture of Kazimierz Mirecki after the pattern of Paul Delaroche is remarkable .

Włocławskie Reservoir

The dam and hydropower plant were built between 1963 and 1970. In 1984 the pastor Jerzy Popiełuszko , leader of the opposition in the church, was murdered here by the communist secret service. There is now a high cross in his memory. Pilgrimages from Poland and abroad very often lead to this place. At the reservoir you can often see yachts, boats or jet skiers.

Wzorcownia

Plac Grodzki

The former factory for faience and other ceramics was founded in 1873. The most famous owners were Józef Teichfeld and Ludwik Asterblum. Now there is a Victorian-style shopping and entertainment center Wzorcownia here.

Many sights were lost centuries ago, such as the bishop's castle and the cathedral in Romanesque style, the prince's castle, the town hall on the Altmarkt, the Cistercian church and monastery complex of St. Gotthard , the medieval old town, the synagogues and the Russian Orthodox church on Freedom Square .

Museums

Diocesan Museum

Diocesan Museum

There are unique works such as E.g. a crook by Maciej (Matthew) from Gołańcza (XIII century) and a liturgy chalice (1368), woodcuts by the German artist Albrecht Dürer , pictures by Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (Guercino) and from the Caravaggio painting school , jewels from an Augsburg workshop the XVII century, as well as historical furniture. The rooms show corresponding epochs.

Museum of Kuyavian and Dobrin Land

Main collections

There are 2 permanent exhibitions: History of Faience in Włocławek with 500 imaginative works and “Gallery of Polish Portraits” (XIX - XX centuries). The first half of the 19th century was represented by Aleksander Molinari or Franciszek Pfanhauser, the second half of the 19th century. the group of the "Munich School" (Polish: "Szkoła monachijska"): z. BJ Simmler, or J. Brandt, who did their training in Munich, “Young Poland” the best painters: Leon Wyczółkowski (Impressionism), Jacek Malczewski , and Józef Mehoffer (Secession), the “Golden 20s” Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz , Wojciech Kossak or Olga Boznańska . The addition are the portraits of foreign artists. B. Anthonis van Dyck or Marcello Bacciarelli .

Ethnographic Museum

Museum in F. Tournelle's memory shows the tradition of Kujawy in many areas: clothing, cuisine, architecture, handicrafts and customs. That is why you can see impressive exhibitions about a village from the XIX century. The museum exhibits agricultural machines, equipment of the Kujavian house and items of Polish cuisine.

historical Museum

The first exhibition shows archaeological exhibits from around 2500–3000 BC. Ch. (In that period burial mounds were built near today's Włoclawek, which are probably older than the pyramids in Egypt), medieval handicrafts or the equipment of Polish knights and the Teutonic Order (XIV century), exhibits from the XVI-XVII centuries .: Furniture, cradles, clocks, a coin cabinet (XII-XVIII centuries) and a pharmacy from the XIX century. On the first floor there is an exhibition about the Polish uprisings, the First and Second World Wars and the Polish-Soviet War 1920 (Waffen , Uniforms or German documents), about the industrial revolution and sports teams in Poland in the 19th century and models of the destroyed sights.

Art collections

The foreign art in the Speicher from 1839 is represented by northern Italian, southern German and Dutch art: pictures by Carlo Cignani , Georg Philipp Rugendas , Francesco Salviati and sketches by Rembrandt van Rijn , Albrecht Altdorfer , Heinrich Aldegrever , Parmigianino , Vespasiano Strada and Lucas van Leyden . | There is the largest collection of profane works by the sculptor Stanisław Zagajewski ("L'art brut", which is why he is also called the "Polish Gaudí "), including very large ceramic altars, human figures and animals, as well as works by the sculptor Wacław Bębnowski ( Art Nouveau sculptures and objects , nymphs).

economy

Established businesses

International companies have invested in the city, including from Germany, Austria and Switzerland:

  • WIKA - measurement industry,
  • Teutonia from the Newell Rubbermaid group - strollers,
  • Brügmann von Salamander industrial products - elements of windows and doors,
  • Naturana - underwear,
  • Busch pumps,
  • PV Prefabet from PV Group - Components,
  • DrM - industrial filter,
  • MEZ technology - sheet metal processing and steel structures
  • G + P Izomont - metal and construction industry (steel structures, industrial ventilation, insulation, soundproof capsules, louvre flaps).

The largest companies are: Anwil, part of the Orlen chemical works, which produce fertilizers, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, terephthalic acid, PVC, ammonia and caustic soda, among other things. The Belgian ACPCO2 or Solvay or Asian Indorama Polymers, which have local locations, work with Anwil .

Other large companies are e.g. B .:

  • Akzo Nobel - paints and varnishes,
  • Koło from Sanitec Group - bathroom equipment
  • Budizol - components and development,
  • TOP-2000 and Oxford Office from the Hamelin Group - articles for school and office, paper,
  • Lewandowski - paper manufacturer,
  • Radpak - packing machines,
  • Instal project - heating systems,
  • DGS - caps and lids,
  • Cheko - plastic products,
  • Transchem - railway company,
  • AB filter - auto industry
  • Kujawianka - sweets,
  • Bomilla - candy,
  • KZPOW from the Agros Nova group - processing of fruit and vegetables,
  • Lewiatan - chain of groceries all over Poland with headquarters in Włocławek,
  • ACV - water heating,
  • Delecta from Rieber & Son Group - food,
  • Bakal - baked fruit,
  • Anwis - roller shutter,
  • Branta - textile and fashion industry,
  • Drwal Hubertus Collectuion - Textile and Fashion Industry,
  • Makoma - fashion for children,
  • Mardtec - yachts and boats
  • Run Chłodnia - frozen food
  • Opaque color - packaging for paints and varnishes
  • D&R Dispersions and Resins - substances for paints and varnishes

The city of Wloclawek is the seat of a Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KIPH Włocławek). The unemployment rate is around 22% (as of December 2012). The wage level is lower than in Warsaw or other large cities.

Investment zones

Thanks to EU funding , state programs and investment incentives, an industrial and technology park, the Włocławska Strefa Rozwoju Gospadarczego-Park Przemysłowo-Technologiczny (WSRG-PPT), was created. WSRG-PPT is located directly at the chemical cluster around the Anwil / Orlen companies, 4 km from the A1 motorway, near the siding of railway line 18 and the Vistula river.

The chemical company news Anwil (Orlen Group) is attached directly to WSRG-PPT. The group offers 150 hectares with full infrastructure for investors. Noteworthy are the company's own power plant, sewage treatment plant and loading quay on the Vistula River and a gas plant nearby. In addition, many transport companies work here, both freight forwarders (Transteam, Euro-Transchem, Intra, etc.) and freight transport (Transchem, PKP Cargo). There is a large chain of companies that offer industrial service and repair (Orlen Eko / Chemeko, Aski, DrMPolska, Apex-Elzar, Ol-Gaz, Orlen Laboratorium / Pro-Lab, Azomet, Orlen Serwis / Remwil).

Another investment zone is Teren Inwestycyjny Papieżka (Papiezka Investment Area) with full infrastructure and siding nearby.

The investment zone in Brześć Kujawski (Brzeska Strefa Gospodarcza / BSG) is located directly on the A1 motorway ("Amber One"), railway line No. 18 and offers 470 hectares. Here z. B. Raben Group and Mercator Medical invested.

The Arplast Company's Czerniewice Logistic Park in Czerniewice near Choceń is also located on the A1 motorway and railway line No. 18, with its own siding.

education

There are five colleges including:

  • State University PWSZ Włocławek
  • Technical University WSTiP
  • Humanistic and Economic University WSHE Włocławek
  • University of Computer Science WSInf
  • Seminary of the diocese in Włocławek (Polish Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Włocławskiej) (the oldest seminary in Poland, founded in 1569).

There are also 15 secondary schools (e.g. for the automotive industry, chemistry, pharmacy, electronics).

traffic

The city lies on the Kutno – Piła railway line . The Włocławek – Przystronie narrow-gauge railway used to start here .

Directly at Włocławek (5 km) there is the A1 motorway (opened on April 30, 2014) and the A2 motorway from the German-Polish border to Warsaw. At the same time, Wloclawek is very close to the intersection of A1 and A2 (98 km). There are three important national roads ( droga krajowa ): No. 91 Łódź – Gdansk, No. 62 Strzelno – Siematycze and No. 67 Lipno – Włocławek.

The Kruszyn airfield, a local airport for sport aircraft, is located near Włocławek. It is planned to use this for small passenger and cargo aircraft in the future. About 100 km from the city is Bydgoszcz Airport , 115 km from Łódź Airport and 130 km from Warsaw Chopin Airport .

There is also a very important waterway in Włocławek, the Wisła River .

Culture and leisure

  • Browar cultural center (German: "Brewery")
  • Aquapark
  • Henryk Sienkiewicz Park
  • Marina and camping Marina Zarzeczewo with a yacht club, yacht harbor / marinas from OSiR: in the old town (Przystań nad Wisłą we Włocławku), at the Wloclawek reservoir (Przystań OSIR nad Zalewem Włocławskim) with camping / camper place
  • Aeroklub Wloclawek with camping / camper area and sports center at Kruszyn Airport
  • State Cultural Center (Włocławskie Centrum Kultury)
  • Museums:
    • Museum of Kaujawy and Dobriner Land (Polish: Muzeum Ziemi Kujawskiej i Dobrzyńskiej) - consists of:
      • Art collections (Polish Zbiory Sztuki)
      • Ethnographic Museum (Polish Muzeum Etnograficzne)
      • Museum of the History of Włocławek (Polish: Muzeum Historii Włocławka)
      • Museum for the Vistula Trade (in planning)
      • Museum for the Polish Village in Kłóbka near Włocławek
      • Stanisław Noakowski Museum in Nieszawa near Włocławek
    • Diocesan Museum (Polish Muzeum Diecezjalne)
  • Theater: Teatr Impresaryjny im. W. Gniazdowskiego German Impresariothetaer by W. Gniazdowski and Teatr "Nasz" German Theater "Our"
  • Galleries: Galeria Sztuki Współczesnej German gallery for modern art, Galeria Humoru i Satyry "Na drabinie" German gallery for humor and satire "On the ladder", various galleries with old goods
  • Numerous music clubs and discos
  • Nature park near Wloclawek with over 40 lakes. There is also a reservoir with an area of ​​75 km²
  • Wzorcownia Włocławek shopping and entertainment center in the former faience factory
  • Focus Park Włocławek shopping center
  • Equestrian centers and the Arabians stud farm in Falborek
  • Kujawy Golf Club
  • Two indoor swimming pools, also guarded swimming lakes in summer
  • Well-known diving center MrJacques with its own diving club, shop and diving school on the lake near the city
  • Quad park with many routes in the park and in nature
  • Four fitness and gymnastics clubs
  • The Institute of Traditional Karate (ICT) in Wloclawek is world-famous
  • Bowling center Sports bowling and billiards clubs
  • Lots of professional soccer fields (over 10) and sports halls for basketball, volleyball etc (over 20). In addition, OSIR Włocławek (Center for Sports and Recreation) with the sports hall, many soccer fields, beach volleyball courts in summer and two ice rinks
  • WTK Anwil Wloclawek - basketball club, Poland's champion and in the FIBA ​​Cup Final Four
  • Several tennis facilities
  • Paintball clubs
  • In the vicinity there is one of the longest network of cycle paths in Poland

Rural Commune of Włocławek

Włocławek is the seat of a rural community of the same name, but is not itself part of it. The rural community in the south of the city has an area of ​​219.92 km², on which 7262 people live (June 30, 2019).

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Associated with Włocławek

  • Adolf Theodor Julius Ludwig (1808–1876), Protestant pastor in Włocławek
  • Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543), astronomer, learned from Mikolaj Vodka (Abstemius) in the cathedral school in Włocławek from 1489 to 1491 and probably constructed the first solar tower (can still be visited today)
  • Maryla Rodowicz (* 1945), Polish singer

Web links

Commons : Włocławek  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Włocławek Economic Development Area - Industrial and Technological Park on the website of the Polish Agency for Information and Foreign Investment Ltd., accessed on February 16, 2016 (English)
  3. ^ Result on the website of the election commission, called on August 8, 2020.
  4. ^ Result on the website of the election commission, accessed on August 8, 2020.
  5. ↑ http://visitwloclawek.blogspot.com
  6. ↑ http://ckbrowarb.pl/
  7. ↑ www.polen-digital.de/wloclawek
  8. ↑ www.wloclawek.pl
  9. ↑ Adam Ginsbert, Włocławek: study monograficzne, Warszawa 1968 and later editions
  10. ↑ http://www.muzeum.wloclawek.pl
  11. ↑ Włocławek i okolice, J.Umiński, KAW 1989 and next
  12. ↑ [1]
  13. ↑ [2]
  14. ↑ [3]
  15. ↑ http://detektor.fm/wirtschaft/Polen-wirtschaftswunder-an-der- Weichsel
  16. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from August 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file for download also in German) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aktywnywloclawek.pl
  17. ↑ http://www.immobilien-kompass.de/nachrichten/investieren-anlegen/:Exklusiv-Ranking--Die-50-besten-Standorte-Europas-fuer-Gewerbeimmobilien/100034932.html
  18. ↑ [4]
  19. ↑ [5]
  20. ↑ Oferta inwestycyjna - tereny inwestycyjne "Papieżka" ( Memento from June 2, 2015 in the web archive archive.today )
  21. ↑ [6]
  22. ↑ [7]
  23. ↑ [8]
  24. ↑ [9]
  25. ↑ Włocławek Guidebook 2011, publisher: MPEC Włocławek
  26. ↑ http://ddwloclawek.pl/pl/11_wiadomosci/12274_a1_wloclawek_kowal_czynna_ma_majowke.html
  27. ^ Włocławek i okolice. Przewodnik, pod red. Stanisława Kunikowskiego, wyd. III poprawione, Włocławek 2011
  28. ↑ www.muzeum.wloclawek.pl
  29. ↑ Muzeum Diecezjalne
  30. ↑ Miejskie Instytucje Kultury ( Memento from May 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  31. ↑ http://www.polen-digital.de/wloclawek/wloclawek-die-stadt-der-aktiv-erammlung
  32. ↑ www.aktywny.wloclawek.pl ( Memento of March 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  33. ↑ http://www.footballaustralia.com.au/news-display/vale-michael-weinstein/44052  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.footballaustralia.com.au  
  34. ↑ http://www.lastfm.de/music/Christian+Schafrik
  35. ↑ http://www.helgaolufs.de/de/sites/4.html
  36. ↑ www.paul-barz.de/vita.htm ( Memento from October 19, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  37. ↑ Słoneczne Ministry (III) Gdzie Kopernik chodził do "szkoły średniej"? ( Memento from March 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  38. ↑ Historia Włocławka