Vicelinkirche (Neumünster)
The Vicelinkirche in Neumünster (built 1829–1834) is in the southeast of the oldest settlement center Kleinflecken. The little river Schwale makes an arch there, in the middle of which rises the impressive building, the landmark of the city of Neumünster . The Emporensaalkirche is the most important classical church building in Schleswig-Holstein . The design comes from the Copenhagen chief building director Christian Frederik Hansen .
For the duration of its existence (1897-1919) it was the garrison church of the Schleswig-Holstein Infantry Regiment No. 163 .
construction
The building is made of yellow bricks . This material, which is rather untypical for the region, was deliberately chosen in order to set the church apart from the surrounding red stone buildings. In the 1970s, however, many of the surrounding houses were redesigned and also made of yellow brick. The square west tower is half integrated into the nave of the church, which is covered with a hipped roof. The tiered upper floor of the tower ends with a dome on a cylindrical lantern . Somewhat wider semicircular windows are located above the high rectangular windows on the side walls of the nave. The windows are framed by flat risalits that merge into a round arch.
Building history
The first building on the site of today's Vicelinkirche was probably a simple wooden church that Bishop Ansgar had built in the 9th century.
In 1127 the monk Vicelin founded an Augustinian canon monastery in Neumünster as a mission base for the north. A little later, in 1136, a stone, more imposing church, the Bartholomäuskirche, was built in the Schwalebogen at Kleinflecken. The city of Neumünster is named after this building: Novum monasterium, the "New Minster". Attacks by the Wends repeatedly caused damage to the church and monastery, but these were remedied. It has also been enlarged several times.
In 1330 the monastery founded by Vicelin moved to Bordesholm , but Neumünster remained a monastery and at the beginning of the 16th century had as many monks as the main monastery in Bordesholm (15). After the Reformation, the Bartholomäuskirche was used as a church for the parish of Neumünster for centuries. However, in 1762 it was so dilapidated that the bell tore from its anchorage and fell on the church. First the tower was demolished, followed by the entire church in 1811.
The church was eventually replaced by a new building, which was named Vicelinkirche. The Copenhagen chief building director Christian Frederik Hansen designed the strictly classical, Protestant church, which was built between 1829 and 1834.
Inner
Room division
The interior has three naves. The main nave has a coffered ceiling. It is separated from the side aisles by Doric columns, which together with pillar-like wall pieces support the surrounding entablature. The columns that go beyond the inserted gallery, i.e. extend over two floors, are also known as colossal columns. A second gallery is located above the surrounding entablature behind large arched openings.
Pulpit altar
The altar wall is structured as well as the demarcation to the side aisles. The simple altar table stands between two colossal columns, above it the altarpiece and the rounded pulpit. This arrangement is known as the pulpit altar.
baptism
The late classical, wooden baptism, in white and gold, is almost in the middle of the main nave. It consists of a fluted shaft that supports a flat pelvis. The whole thing rests on a square foot. Palmettes and winged angel heads form decorations. The silver baptismal bowl is gold-plated on the inside.
The baptism, whose master and year of origin are unknown, comes from the Frauenkirche in Copenhagen . Danish royal children are said to have been baptized in it. The Copenhagen Frauenkirche was destroyed after an English rocket fire in the Second Sea Battle of Copenhagen in 1807 and was also rebuilt by Hansen. As part of the classicist overall concept of its interior, it received a new marble baptismal font ( baptismal angel ) from Bertel Thorvaldsen .
Relief "Jesus blesses the children"
A relief is embedded above the entrance from the tower hall to the church interior. It comes from the workshop of the sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen and shows the biblical scene in which Jesus blesses the children. The 90 x 160 cm work of art is made of clay and was created around 1837.
organ
The Danish organ builder Marcussen & Søn built a new organ in 1856 . In 1968 the Alfred Führer company replaced the instrument with a new one. The organ has 45 registers , which are distributed over three manuals and pedal . It was extensively rebuilt in 1997 by the builder company by removing the swell doors of the breastwork , renewing the action and changing the disposition . In the north German tradition, two free-standing pedal towers flank the organ. Above the narrow lower case is the breastwork and above that the wider, five-part mainwork. The swell is set up behind.
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- Coupling: II //, III / I, I / P, II / P, III / P
literature
- Art topography Schleswig-Holstein . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982. ISBN 3-529-02627-1 .
- Johannes Hugo Koch: Schleswig-Holstein . Cologne 1989. ISBN 3-7701-0936-8 .
- Holger Ritter: History of the Schleswig-Holstein Infantry Regiment No. 163. Beacon, Hamburg 1926, Volume 184 of the Prussian. Share of the reminder sheets.
- Dieter-Jürgen Mehlhorn: Monasteries and monasteries in Schleswig-Holstein: 1200 years of history, architecture and art. Ludwig, Kiel, 2007.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Organ in Neumünster , accessed on January 19, 2015.
Coordinates: 54 ° 4 ′ 12 ″ N , 9 ° 59 ′ 3 ″ E