Viešvilė
| Viešvilė | |||
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| State : |
 Lithuania
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| District : | Tauragė | ||
| Rajong municipality : | Jurbarkas | ||
| Coordinates : | 55 ° 4 ' N , 22 ° 23' E | ||
| Inhabitants (place) : | 843 (2011) | ||
| Time zone : | EET (UTC + 2) | ||
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Viešvilė ( German Wischwill , Russian Вешвиле (Weschwile) ) is a small town (Lithuanian: Miestelis) in the Lithuanian district of Tauragė (Tauroggen) , belongs to the Rajongemeinde Jurbarkas (Georgenburg) and forms its own administrative district (Lithuanian: Seniūnija) with 16 places.
Geographical location
Viešvilė is located 31 kilometers east of Sowetsk (Tilsit) on the right bank of the Memel , which forms the border between Lithuania and Russia and into which the Viešvilė (Wischwill) river flows. The place is on the Lithuanian main road KK 141 , which leads from Kaunas via Jurbarkas and Šilutė (Heydekrug) to Klaipėda ( Memel ). Between 1902 and 1944 the village had two train stations ( Wischwill West and Wischwill East ) on the Pogegen – Mikieten – Schmalleningken railway line (Lithuanian: Pagėgiai – Mikytai – Smalininkai) of the Pogegen – Schmalleningken small railway .
history
The former village of Wischwill was in the former East Prussia a cultural, religious and economic center of a large region on both sides of the Memel . In 1910 the rural community had 1528 inhabitants, in 1925 there were still 1410. Wischwill belonged to the district of Ragnit until 1922 , from 1922 to 1939 to the district of Pogegen in Memelland , and then until 1945 to the district of Tilsit-Ragnit in the Gumbinnen administrative district of the Prussian province East Prussia . The place was the official seat and eponymous for an administrative district with seven villages:
| German name | Lithuanian name |
|---|---|
| Antgulbinnen | Antgulbiniai |
| Dab | Antupiai |
| Baltuponen | Baltupėnai |
| Kallwehlen | Kalveliai |
| Pagulbinnen | Palgubiniai |
| Wischwill | Viešvilė |
| from 1937: scraping off | Apšriūtai |
Wischwill owned a property , but also several larger companies such as water mills , sawmills , a paper mill, a fulling mill and a brass forge. For a long time the village was an important industrial center to the right of the Memel, until the industrial revolution created other related centers in the metropolitan areas. Smaller medium-sized businesses supplemented the offer: a dairy , a cheese dairy , three blacksmiths , several carpenters and wheelwright shops . In addition, Wischwill was a center of Memel shipping with large barges and boydaks .
Wischwill survived the Second World War with a few wounds. When the northern region of East Prussia on the other side of the Memel became part of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union , a number of buildings and cultural institutions were lost. The important buildings damaged during the war were not renewed, but simply demolished. This also included the Protestant parish church. In the following years, Viešvilė orientated itself administratively to Jurbarkas and is now a small town in the district of Jurbarkas in the Tauragė district .
church
Evangelical
Parish church
Since 1517 there was a Protestant church in Wischwill, the site of which Duke Albrecht is said to have chosen himself. A new massive church was built between 1734 and 1737. After a fire in 1808, probably triggered by a lightning strike that destroyed the tower, the church was rebuilt in 1811 as a field stone building with half-timbered gables . The tower with clock and bells was not added until 1895. The church was demolished in the early years of the Soviet era. Today a memorial cross reminds of the former location of the parish church.
Parish
The Protestant parish in Wischwill was founded in 1517 and initially belonged to the Insterburg Inspection (today in Russian: Tschernjachowsk). The large parish has been reduced in size over the centuries due to the separation of new parishes. In 1925 the Wischwiller parish had 3000 parishioners who lived in almost 20 villages and places. The church was patronized . In the 20th century it belonged to the parish of Ragnit , later to the parish of Pogegen in the church province of East Prussia and in the state synodal association Memelland of the church of the Old Prussian Union .
The Protestant church members living in Viešvilė today are now assigned to the parish in Vilkyškiai (Willkischken) in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Lithuania .
Catholic
In the district of Riedelsberg (Lithuanian: Ridelkalnis) there was a Catholic community since 1863. A small church was built here in the 19th century. The building survived the Second World War . A new church has stood north of the village on the edge of the forest since 1992. A new church is planned. Until 1945 the community was part of the Free Prelature Memel in the Diocese of Warmia . Today she belongs to the Dean's Office Šilutė (Heydekrug) in the Diocese of Telšiai (Telschen) of the Roman Catholic Church in Lithuania .
Personalities
Born in Wischwill / Viešvilė
- Alfonsas Macaitis (born April 13, 1956), Lithuanian politician
Connected to the place
- Paul Brock (1900–1986), German seaman and writer, lived on the estate in Wischwill until 1914
Viešvilė District
The Viešvilės seniūnija, which belongs to the Rajongemeinde Jurbarkas , has existed since 1995 . In addition to the small town of Viešvilė, ten villages and three single seats (lit. viensėdis) with a total of 1,076 inhabitants on an area of 120.6 km² are united in the administrative district (as of 2011). Since 2009, the administrative district has been divided into the five subdistricts (lit. Seniūnaitija) Drūtgalio seniūnaitija, Jūravos seniūnaitija, Ridelkalnio seniūnaitija, Užupio seniūnaitija and Vidurio seniūnaitija. The following belong to the district (the two places marked with * are empty):
| Place name | German name | status | Subdistrict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antiupiai | Dab | Village | Jurava |
| Apšriūtai | Scrape off | Village | Jurava |
| Baltupėnai * | Baltuponen | Village | |
| Išdagai | Isztaggis | Village | Jurava |
| Jurava | law | Village | Jurava |
| Kalveliai | Kallwehlen | Village | Jurava |
| Leipgiriai | Body cunts | Village | Jurava |
| Naumalūnis | Neumühl | Single seat | ? |
| Pagulbiniai | Pagulbinnen | Village | Ridelkalnis |
| Ridelkalnis | Riedelsberg | Village | Ridelkalnis |
| Smaladaržis * | Smalodars | Single seat | |
| Viešvilė | Wischwill | Town | |
| Vilkdaubis | Wolfsgrund | Single seat | Jurava |
| Žardeliai | Szardehlen | Village | Jurava |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dietrich Lange: Geographical Register of Places East Prussia: Wischwill (2005)
- ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, Ragnit district
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City of Tilsit and district of Tilsit – Ragnit / Pogegen. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Rolf Jehke: District Wischwill-Dorf
- ↑ a b Viešvilė - Wischwill at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ a b Wischwill at GenWiki
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 109
- ↑ Memorial cross at the former location of the church
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 513
- ↑ according to the 2011 census
- ↑ The town of Viešvilė is divided into three sub-districts: Drūtgalis (Klaipėdos gatvė 1–54), Viduris (Klaipėdos gatvė 55–95 and Darželio gatvė) and Užupis (Klaipėdos gatvė 96–120, Upelio gatvė and Moklosvė).