Villa Enzinger

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Villa Enzinger, shortly after completion
Villa Enzinger, water tower

The Villa Enzinger is a bourgeois villa that was built by the Mannheim architect Wilhelm Manchot for the inventor and manufacturer Lorenz Adalbert Enzinger in Worms .

Geographical location

The villa is located at Karmeliterstraße 6. It is part of the development between the medieval town center and the train station , a building area preferred by the upper class of Worms at the end of the 19th century.

history

Enzinger has owned the building site since at least 1883. A draft for a villa by a local master builder is available from that year. The design - relatively conventional and out of date in terms of building services - was not implemented. Rather, Enzinger turned to Wilhelm Manchot. He designed a metropolitan villa with contemporary modern building services. The construction costs amounted to 250,000 marks . The building was completed in 1886. The client and his wife, Lorenz Adalbert Enzinger, died early in 1897. His sons soon sold the villa for 175,000 marks to the Vereinsbank Worms . In 1912 the bank had the house rebuilt, an order that the architect Brinkmann from Worms received. The bedrooms on the ground floor had to give way to a counter hall , and the extensions are also based on the bank's interests in use. During the Second World War , the building suffered damage only to the roofs. The bank used the house until 1975, and the financial institution has had its headquarters on the market square ever since.

Building description

architecture

The Villa Enzinger is two-storey with an additional attic. The forms are predominantly neo-baroque . Sandstone blocks dominate the facades , which are completely clad with ashlar. The street side is symmetrically structured with two window axes each to the left and right of a central projectile. The risalit has three window axes and a balcony on the first floor and is crowned by a gable . The entrance that leads from the street into the building was added later, presumably when the part of the building behind it was converted into a counter hall. The main entrance was at the back of the building, a side entrance on the south side of the courtyard. It was given a postmodern canopy before 1992 . The former water tower on the southeast corner of the building is striking. To the north, the building was extended by two axes with a later, but visually adapted, one-story extension with belvedere .

The rooms were grouped on each floor around a central vestibule , the top of which was illuminated by a roof lantern . Floor openings should guide the light down to the ground floor. This "lighting system" was removed as early as 1912 when the Vereinsbank converted the house for their own purposes. The family's private rooms (bedroom, bathroom, dining room and a children's playroom) were on the ground floor, while the first floor is occupied exclusively by common rooms - an unusual arrangement, contrary to the usual one. The large hall had a floor area of ​​120 m², the largest that existed in a private house in Worms at that time. It was designed in a Moorish style . The stairwell has been preserved and has two wall paintings with Italian motifs (probably by Mattäus Keuffel ).

House technic

The system had a separate machine house in which two steam engines worked. One machine supplied electricity for the villa's lighting via a generator, the second was in reserve should the first fail. When the house was built in 1885, Worms did not yet have a central electricity supply. There was also no central water supply. For this purpose, the water tower was erected on the southeast corner of the building, which has an elevated tank under the roof and thus supplied the house with water. The heating was carried out with warm air, which was led through appropriate shafts into the individual rooms. A food elevator between the kitchen in the basement and the dining room was of course part of the equipment.

Rating

The building is now a cultural monument due to the Rhineland-Palatinate Monument Protection Act . The villa is one of the few that survived the air raids on Worms in World War II almost unscathed. However, the rich ornamentation in the roof area has been lost and the roof design has been simplified compared to that of the time it was built.

literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

Remarks

  1. ↑ Spille: "Portal disturbed in the narrow side".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 42.
  2. ↑ Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 49ff.
  3. ↑ a b Jörg Koch: Worms 100 years ago . Sutton, Erfurt 2012, ISBN 978-3-95400-020-3 , p. 31 .
  4. ↑ a b Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 63.
  5. ^ Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 53.
  6. ^ See: Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 58.
  7. ↑ a b Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 54.
  8. ↑ Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 54, note 40.
  9. ^ Werner: Der Bahnhof , p. 187.
  10. ^ Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 56f.
  11. ↑ Spille, p. 114.
  12. ^ Werner: Wilhelm Manchot , p. 53.

Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 1.7 ″  N , 8 ° 21 ′ 38 ″  E