Vitus Miletus

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End of the dedication preface of the Katholisches Spiegel with signature, 1581

Vitus Miletus , also: Veit Milet, original family name Müller / Miller (* 1549 in Schwäbisch Gmünd ; † probably January 19, 1618 in Mainz ), was a German Catholic theologian and university professor.

Life

The son of Peter Müller and Katharina, born Leipold, studied from October 12, 1567 at the Collegium Germanicum in Rome . He was ordained a priest on Easter Saturday 1575 in the Lateran Basilica. On the way back to Germany he attended the University of Siena and received his doctorate in theology on June 11, 1575 in Bologna.

From Pope Gregory XIII. Sent to the Archbishop of Mainz, Miletus placed himself in the service of the Counter Reformation , initially as an assistant to Auxiliary Bishop Nikolaus Elgard in Erfurt . His sharp sermons, no longer intent on compromising, aroused admiration among his fellow clergy and excitement among Protestants. There was a complaint to the city council that he insulted the Elector of Saxony. When Miletus left Erfurt in 1582 to fetch the pallium for the new Archbishop of Mainz Wolfgang von Dalberg from Rome, a contemporary who called him the "Apostle of Thuringia" regretted this, who tirelessly studied, preached and wrote books in defense of Catholicism.

In Mainz he was accepted into the theological faculty in 1576. In 1595 he was rector of the university, in 1599 assessor of the theological faculty.

During his stay in Erfurt he was enrolled at the university in 1579. It is not known whether he also taught there.

Miletus held a number of ecclesiastical benefices:

  • Canon of Breslau (papal entitlement as early as 1574, appointed in 1578, first visit to Breslau in 1599)
  • Pastor of Miltenberg (1577)
  • Canon of St. Severus in Erfurt (1578–1589, dean from 1580)
  • Provost of St. Moritz zu Mainz
  • Canon of St. Peter in Mainz
  • Canon of Liebfrauen zu Mainz (1585, dean among others 1597)
  • Canon of St. Viktor in Mainz (1587 until his death)

Miletus defended himself against the claim that he was a Jesuit, which has been widespread up to the present day, in the dedication preface (dated January 1, 1581) of his writing Catholischer Spiegel , which he presented to the council and the community of his hometown Schwäbisch Gmünd.

When the imperial city of Schwäbisch Gmünd received 1,000 guilders from him in 1604, he is referred to as the dean of Liebfrauen zu Mainz, Protonotarius Apostolicus and Comes Palatinus .

Miletus died on January 19, 1618 in Mainz.

Works

Theses sheet 1570

In theological writings, Miletus defended the Catholic faith and attacked the Protestants.

Miletus is also said to have written a printed book De Infestatione Sathanae .

literature

  • Johann Albert Fabricius: Bibliotheca ecclesiastica . Hamburg 1718, p. 260 online .
  • Georg Christian Joannis: Volume […] Rerum Moguntiacarum Vol. 2, Frankfurt am Main 1722, pp. 676, 682 ( online ).
  • Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General scholarly lexicon . Vol. 2, Leipzig 1750, Sp. 853 online (under Gamundianus)
  • Heinrich Knodt: De Moguntia litterata commentationes historicae Vol. 2, Mainz 1751, p. 83 ( online ).
  • Claude Fleury: Historia ecclesiastica . Vol. 53, Augsburg 1756, pp. 542-544 Google Books .
  • Johann Peter Schunk: Contributions to the History of Mainz, Vol. 3, Mainz 1790, p. 176 f. ( online ).
  • Funk in: Wetzer and Welte's Kirchenlexikon 8 (1893), Sp. 1515f. online .
  • Andreas Steinhuber: History of the Collegium Germanicum Hungaricum in Rome, vol. 1, Freiburg im Breisgau 1895, pp. 75, 96 f., 195, 197, 201-203, 303 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Ferdinand Wilhelm Emil Roth : Swabian scholars of the 15th and 16th centuries in the service of Mainz . In: Württembergische Vierteljahrshefte für Landesgeschichte NF 9 (1900), pp. 292–310, here pp. 304–306 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Joseph Schmidlin: History of the German national church in Rome . Freiburg im Breisgau 1906, p. 487 online .
  • Fritz Herrmann: Mainz pallium embassies and their bills . In: Contributions to Hessian Church History 2 (1903), pp. 227–283; 3 (1908), pp. 117-134, here pp. 119-125 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Joseph Jungnitz : The Breslau Germanicists . Breslau 1906, pp. 24-27 ( online ).
  • Fritz Herrmann: The Protestant Movement to Mainz in the Reformation Age . Mainz 1907, pp. 53, 190, 201 ( archive.org ).
  • Stephan Ehses: The Trier auxiliary bishop Peter Binsfeld as a pupil in the Germanicum in Rome . In: Pastor bonus 20 (1907/08), pp. 261-264 ( archive.org ).
  • Rudolf Weser: Alte Gmünder VI. University teacher from Gmünd . In: Rems-Zeitung of September 17, 18 and 19, 1908, No. 212-214 ( Commons ).
  • Émile Amann in: Dictionnaire de Théologie Catholique 10.2 (1929), Sp. 1752.
  • Gerhard Zimmermann: The Wroclaw Cathedral Chapter in the Age of Reformation and Counter-Reformation (1500–1600) . Weimar 1938, pp. 388-390.
  • Wilhelm Dersch: Clerics from Mainz and Worms as canons of Breslau in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries . In: Mainzer Zeitschrift 35 (1940), pp. 43–49, here p. 44 ( online ).
  • Anton Nägele : The Swabian members of the Wroclaw Cathedral Chapter in the 16th century. In: Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 4 (1940), pp. 342-375, here pp. 358-362 ( online ).
  • Lorenz Drehmann: The Auxiliary Bishop Nikolaus Elgard. A figure of the Counter Reformation. With special consideration of his activities in Erfurt and on the Eichsfeld (1578-87) due to his unpublished letters (1572-85) . Leipzig 1958, p. 110 (register).
  • Erich Kleineidam: Universitas Studii Erffordensis. Overview of the history of the University of Erfurt. Part III: The time of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation 1521–1632 . Leipzig 1980, 2nd edition Leipzig 1983, pp. 184f. and p. 307 (register)
  • Christian Grebner: Kaspar Gropper (1514 to 1594) and Nikolaus Elgard (approx. 1538 to 1587). Biography and reform activities. A contribution to church reform in Franconia and the Rhineland between 1573 and 1576 . Münster 1982, p. 852 (register).
  • Josef Benzing: Directory of professors at the Old University of Mainz . Mainz 1986, p. 38 ( online ).
  • Claudia Zonta: Silesian students at Italian universities. A prosopographical study of the early modern history of education . Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2004, p. 320.

Web links

Commons : Vitus Miletus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Zimmermann, p. 389, note 1 ( excerpt ). Miletus dedicated a translation of Augustine to his sister Sabine Müllerin in 1604 (see below, works). According to Drehann, p. 10, his brother Bonifatius Miller from Schwäbisch Gmünd was a businessman in Nuremberg on Neumarkt, who also visited the Leipzig trade fair.
  2. ^ Fritz Weigle (ed.): The register of the German nation in Siena (1573-1738) . Vol. 1, Tübingen 1962, p. 54 No. 347.
  3. ↑ On May 24, 1575, Pope Gregory XIII announced. in a short Latin letter to the return of Miletus and praised the Gmünder council for adhering to the faith. Edition: Kaspar Groppers' nunciature correspondence . Edited by Wilhelm Eberhard Schwarz. Paderborn 1898, p. 287 No. 241 Textarchiv - Internet Archive .
  4. ^ Drehann, pp. 58, 66.
  5. ↑ Steinhuber, Vol. 1, p. 202.
  6. ↑ Student register. Edition 1884, p. 444 ( urn : nbn: de: urmel-2c47aa4b-8660-43d8-930d-49bd542a3a605-00004328-4639 ).
  7. ↑ Catholischer Spiegel […] By […] Herren / Vitum Miletum vonn Schwebischen Gemünda of H. Schrifft D. deß Thumstiffts zu Preßlaw / vnd der Stifft Kirchen zu S. Seuer zu Erffurdt Canonicum. Cologne 1581 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  8. ^ Stadtarchiv Schwäbisch Gmünd, Reichsstadtarchiv U 125, digitized version: monasterium.net .
  9. ↑ Since Benzing refers to a parish register (parish St. Peter in Mainz), this date is preferable to the one mentioned since Joannis (September 11, 1615). Zimmermann, p. 390 note 15 ( excerpt ) says, however, that the canonical of Breslau, which had been settled by his death, was received by Philipp Jacob von Jerin on May 12, 1615.
  10. ↑ News about the writings from Elgard's correspondence at Drehann, pp. 67–69.
  11. ^ Drehann, p. 69.
personal data
SURNAME Miletus, Vitus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Müller, Veit; Gamundianus, Vitus Miletus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH 1549
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwäbisch Gmünd
DATE OF DEATH January 19, 1618
Place of death Mainz