Vladimir Hachinski

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Vladimir Hachinski (2014)

Vladimir Hachinski (born August 13, 1941 in Zhytomyr , Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ) is a Canadian neurologist who specialized in strokes and related dementia .

Life

As a child, Hachinski emigrated with his family from the Ukraine via Venezuela to Canada ( Port Perry , Ontario). He studied medicine at the University of Toronto with an M. D. in 1966 and completed his specialist training in internal medicine and neurology in Toronto and Montreal. In 1972 he was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (FRCPC) and thus also admitted as a specialist in neurology. In 1973/74 he was a research fellow at the Cerebrovascular Laboratory of the National Hospital of Nervous Diseases in London and in the Department of Clinical Psychology at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen . Back in Canada, he was in the Neuroscience Department of Sunnybrook Hospital (Sunnybrook Health Science Center) in Toronto, where he and John W. Norris founded the first Stroke Unit in Canada. In 1980 he went to London, Ontario , where he was a professor at the University of Western Ontario and a neurological consultant at the city's hospitals and headed a stroke research station.

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Hachinski carried out particular research on strokes, dementia and migraines . In the 1970s he realized that many cases of dementia were not - as was thought at the time - caused by arteriosclerosis of the blood vessels in the brain, but by an accumulation of small strokes ( vascular dementia , in English: multi-infarct dementia (MID) or vascular cognitive impairment (VCI),). In 1975 he published criteria for diagnosing vascular dementia (Hachinski ischemic score), which have since been improved. In 1986 he published a series of papers pointing to lesions and thinning in the white matter of the brain in elderly patients as a risk of stroke. They coined the term leucoaraiosis for this. In the 1990s he further developed his program of preventive treatment of vascular dementia and the identification of patients at risk. He also led an interdisciplinary program to further improve the differential diagnosis of dementia.

His pioneering work with stroke units in the mid-1970s helped to illustrate the importance of such units, which did not establish themselves until the 1990s. In 1986 he and Robert Coté developed the Canadian Neurological Scale , which also made it possible for non-medical professionals to gain clarity about the neurological state of stroke patients.

He also explored the increase in catecholamines , various enzymes as biomarkers of cardiac function, arrhythmias and the mechanism of sudden death in acute stroke. The importance of the insular bark in complications following a stroke also emerged.

As a neurologist, Hachinski participated in various clinical studies on various aspects of stroke prevention, e. in the 1980s in a study that highlighted the benefits of ticlopidine over acetylsalicylic acid and in a study that showed that an expensive variant of bypass surgery (extracranial / intracranial arterial bypass surgery) did not significantly reduce the risk of stroke. Starting in 2003, he was involved in a Canadian study to find out how lifestyle changes and treatment for stroke patients can prevent a second stroke. One of the results of the study was that the inclusion of laypeople in stroke units improved treatment success.

After the Stroke Program of the Province of Ontario was introduced in 2000, he was able to show that the number of certain (vascular) dementia diseases decreased as the stroke was combated.

He also published generally on neurosciences (for example music and the brain) and on the history of medicine (possible dementia in the last years of Stalin's life, Joseph Babinski , Ramon y Cajal , neurology in Islamic Spain).

The dream waltz composed by Hachinski was premiered on September 24, 2013 as part of the 21st World Neurological Congress by the Brno Philharmonic in the Great Hall of the Vienna Musikverein .

Honors and memberships

Hachinski is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences (FCAHS) and holder of the Order of Canada and Order of Ontario. In 1988 he received an honorary doctorate (D. Sc.) From the University of London. He is also an honorary doctor of the Universities of Salamanca, Buenos Aires, Córdoba (Argentina) and the Russian Academy of Sciences.

He was President of the World Federation of Neurology from 2010 to 2013 and editor of Stroke from 2000 to 2010 .

Hachinski has been a member of the Royal Society of Canada since 2014 . In 2016 he received the Prince Mahidol Prize .

Hachinski was awarded induction into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame in 2018 . In the same year he received the Killam Memorial Prize .

literature

Fonts

  • with Larissa Hachinski: Stroke: A Comprehensive Guide to Brain Attack, Firefly Books 2003
  • with LD Iliff, E. Zilhka u. a .: Cerebral blood flow in dementia, Archives of Neurology, Volume 32, 1975, pp .: 632-637.
  • with S. Oveisgharan, A. Romney, WR Shankle: Optimizing the hachinski ischemic scale, Archives of Neurology, Volume 69, 2012, pp. 169-175.
  • with A. Steingart, C. Lau u. a .: Cognitive and neurological findings in subjects with diffuse white matter lucencies on computed tomographic scan (leuko-araiosis), Archives of Neurology, Volume 44, 1987, pp. 32-35.
  • with P. Potter, H. Merskey: Leuko-araiosis, Archives of Neurology, Volume 44, 1987, pp. 21-23.
  • Vascular dementia: a radical redefinition, Dementia (Basel), Volume 5, 1994, pp. 130-132
  • Preventable senility: a call for action against the vascular dementias, The Lancet., Volume 340, 1992, pp. 645-648.
  • with JV Bowler: Vascular dementia, Neurology, Volume 43, 1993, pp. 2159-2160
  • with Costantino Iadecola, Ron C. Petersen, Monique M. Breteler, David L. Nyenhuis, Sandra E. Black, William J. Powers, Charles DeCarli, Jose G. Merino: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Canadian Stroke Network Vascular Cognitive Impairment Harmonization Standards, Stroke, Volume 37, 2006, pp. 2220-2241.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dr. Vladimir Hachinski. Canadian Medical Hall of Fame , accessed January 8, 2019 .
  2. ↑ LA Sposato et al. a.:Declining incidence of stroke and dementia: Coincidence or prevention opportunity?, JAMA Neurology, Volume 72, 2015, pp. 1529-1531
  3. ↑ Tuesday, September 24, 2013, 8:00 p.m., Great Hall, Musikverein. Wiener Musikverein , accessed on November 12, 2018 .
  4. ^ Pushing the frontiers of knowledge: The 2018 Killam Prize. In: CBC Radio . December 19, 2018, accessed January 8, 2019 .
  5. ↑ His daughter
personal data
SURNAME Hachinski, Vladimir
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Canadian neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH August 13, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Zhytomyr