Full program
The full program is a media law term that until 1984 described the typical program offerings of a radio broadcaster in Germany, which "served the most varied of target groups with all possible topics and forms over the course of the day". The contrast to the full program is the specialty program . Television has adopted the term “full program” from radio.
General
The regional media laws differentiate between several program categories, which in particular include full and specialty programs (e.g. Section 3 (2) No. 2 LMG NRW). A private radio or television broadcaster must decide when applying for approval ("broadcasting license") whether it wants to offer a full or specialty program. Since the public broadcasters are largely excluded from the state media laws, this regulation does not apply to them. The state media laws do not define the terms full and specialty program; a legal definition for this is contained in the 2nd State Broadcasting Treaty.
Situation in Germany
According to the Rundfunkstaatsvertrag (RStV), a full program in Germany is “a broadcast program with diverse content in which information, education, advice and entertainment form an essential part of the overall program” (Section 2 (2) No. 3 RStV) and is delimited by this Definition of the division program . In addition, some state broadcasting laws stipulate a minimum broadcast time, which varies depending on the state.
The following nationwide free-to-air full-service television programs are currently available in Germany :
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public law:
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Nationwide private programs:
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The full program licenses are controversial for some private channels, since they Messages must send to their transmission range to maintain. For example, the short news blocks on RTL 2 can be interpreted as "alibi broadcasts", and Sat.1 has since abolished its news program "Die Nacht" and only broadcasts a 15-minute news program at 8 pm.
Private full programs have to keep program tracks free for independent third parties and purchase them from producers such as DCTP (a so-called window program ). Regional windows in the programs can be counted towards the duration of these program tracks.
A special situation arose at times for ServusTV, which was licensed as a full program in Austria, but only as a special-interest program in Germany. For the broadcaster, the Austrian license at the company's headquarters in Salzburg (Austria) was decisive, but the separate license as a special-interest program was decisive for additional distribution in the German cable networks. This has changed with the recognition as a full program in Germany.
Situation in Austria
In Austria, in the Private Television Act, the term full program is defined as a “program with diverse content in which information, education and entertainment in particular form an essential part of the overall program”; a special-interest program, on the other hand, is “a program with essentially the same content”, as it is e.g. B. at gotv , ORF III or ORF SPORT + is the case.
There are currently the following nationwide full television programs in Austria :
The two public broadcasters ORF one and ORF 2 are subject to the ORF Act and not the Private Television Act, but are both full programs. However, the two programs differ greatly and are tailored to different target groups: ORF 1 is more similar to the private channels and is aimed at a younger audience with entertainment programs, purchased films and series, children's programs, sports broadcasts and shorter news programs. ORF 2, on the other hand, is designed as a classic public service program with programs from the fields of politics, business, society and culture as well as many in-house productions and regional news programs.
The Austrian versions of the German private broadcasters are not officially typed in Austria, as they are only approved by the supervisory broadcasting company and Telekom Regulierungs-GmbH as window programs of the program providers licensed in Germany. The license is granted separately for satellite and cable broadcasting. In Austria, they are therefore neither full nor specialty programs.
Situation in Switzerland
In Switzerland, a distinction is mainly made between “up to 12-hour programs” and “more than 12-hour programs”. The program split, whether it is a branch program or a full program, is not used here. A distinction is also made between sub-regions. There is a German-speaking, Italian-speaking or French-speaking broadcasting station in Switzerland. With a licensed broadcaster, the sub-regions must not overlap. However, the RTVG (Radio-TV Act) was revised on April 1, 2007, so anyone can operate a broadcaster without a license (even with an overlap). Registration with OFCOM (Federal Office of Communications) is sufficient.
The unofficial term "full program" applies to the following television programs in Switzerland (German-speaking countries):
- public law:
- Private:
- 3plus
- Switzerland 5 (until November 2008 U1 TV)
- Star TV
Colloquial use
The term full program is also used colloquially for a 24-hour program that does not have a broadcast deadline.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jürg Häusermann , Radio , 1998, p. 91 ISBN 3-484-37106-4
- ↑ DMAX ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Entry at the Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Landesmedienanstalten (ALM), accessed on March 9, 2017
- ↑ ServusTV Germany ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Entry at the Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Landesmedienanstalten (ALM), accessed on February 22, 2015
- ↑ Judgment of the control authority "KEK" ( memento of the original dated November 2, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( Commission to determine the concentration in the media sector ; PDF; 89 kB) on a procedure for the transfer of airtime on RTL.
- ↑ Notification of KommAustria of April 10, 2013
- ^ Official website of RTR: Database of television broadcasters
