Warnitzsee
| Warnitzsee | ||
|---|---|---|
| Geographical location | Brandenburg , Germany | |
| Tributaries | no | |
| Drain | no | |
| Islands | no | |
| Location close to the shore | no | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 53 ° 4 '9 " N , 13 ° 50' 14" E | |
|
||
| Altitude above sea level | 53 m | |
| surface | 10.2 ha | |
| length | 610 m | |
| width | 230 m | |
| Maximum depth | 9.5 m | |
The Warnitzsee is a natural lake in the district of Steinhöfel , a district of the city of Angermünde in the Uckermark district (Brandenburg). The lake was first mentioned in a document as early as 1375.
location
The Warnitzsee is located about one kilometer southeast of Neuhaus and 3.8 km southwest of the center of Steinhöfel. About 2.4 km south is Redernswalde and 3.2 km west-southwest is Poratz . The A 11 motorway runs just a few meters past the east end, between Warnitzsee and Schönebergsee . The lake is otherwise completely in the forest and cannot be reached by any road.
Ground moraines were deposited behind the strongly articulated Angermünder Eisrandlage of the last glacial period. In these ground moraines, meltwater channels that had formed under the ice are deepened. They are filled with fluvial sediments, but some of them are still preserved as morphological channels. The Briesensee, Kiehnsee, Laagensee, Warnitzsee and Schönebergsee lie within these meltwater channels. All of the lakes mentioned, except for the Schönebergsee, are located in the Poratzer Morain Landscape Nature Reserve.
Hydrography and Ecology
The lake, which is divided into two sub-basins by a peninsula protruding from the south and stretched in an east-west direction, is approx. 610 meters long. In the eastern part of the basin it is approx. 230 meters wide, in the western part it is approx. 180 meters wide. It occupies an area of 10.2 hectares and is up to 9.5 m deep in the eastern part of the basin, depending on the lake level. The lake level is about 52 m above sea level. NHN . But it fluctuates greatly; in the last 40 years up to three meters. The lake is a groundwater flow-through lake and has no inflow and / or outflow. It is stably stratified and had a trophic index of 3 in the research years 1992/94 , which corresponds to eutrophic. In the period from 2000 to 2019, the trophic index was given as mesotrophic (weak to strong mesotrophic). Due to the strongly fluctuating lake water level, the trophic index can also change and in some years become weakly eutrophic again. The lake water is very alkaline. The coniferous forests in the catchment area pose a certain risk, as the high levels of evaporation can lower the water table. In the western part of the lake there are strong silting phenomena such as free-falling bank areas and dense vegetation of floating leaves.
At the bottom of the lake there are lawns of candelabrum algae, the horn-leaved candelabrum alga ( Chara tomentosa ) and the furrowed candelabrum alga ( Chara rudis ). Kabus and Thiele also report the Steifborstige Stonewort ( Chara hispida ), the short Prickly Stonewort ( Chara intermedia ), the Fine Stonewort ( Chara virgata ), the Fragile Stonewort ( Chara globularis ), the Opposing Stonewort ( Chara contraria ) and the Star Stonewort ( Nitellopsis obtusa ).
As a eutrophic (clear water) pointers occur z. B. Specular pondweed ( Potamogeton lucens ) and the thousand-leaf species Spiky thousand-leaf ( Myriophyllum spicatum ) and whorled thousand-leaf ( Myriophyllum verticillatum ). Particularly noteworthy is the occurrence of the crucian carp ( Carassius carassius ), the petite moss damsel ( Leucorrhinia caudalis ), the eastern moss damsel ( Leucorrhinia albifrons ) and the middle mermaid ( Najas marina var. Intermedia (Wolfg. Ex Gorski) Rendle). In 2013 ten species of fish were identified.
history
The lake is mentioned for the first time in Charles IV's land book ( stagnum nomine Warnitz ). At that time it was probably already part of the Greiffenberg rulership, as has been proven in the 15th and 16th centuries. The name derives from an aplb. Basic form * Varnica = place where there are ravens or crows.
Management
The lake is managed by the Angermünde lake fishery. The lake was populated with carp and eels.
literature
- Olaf Mietz (project manager): The lakes in Brandenburg's young moraine region. Part 2, Water cadastre and applied water ecology eV, LUA, Public Relations Department, Potsdam 1996, DNB 948923989 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wierd Mathijs de Boer: Ice edge layers and runoff channels from the Vistula glaciation in the eastern Uckermark (Brandenburg / Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). In: Gerd W. Lutze, Hans Domnick (Ed.): Streifzüge (I) - through the northeast of Brandenburg. Contributions to the landscape development and history of the Barnim and Uckermark. (= Discoveries along the Märkische Eiszeitstrasse. Issue 16). Society for Research and Promotion of the Märkische Eiszeitstraße eV, Eberswalde 2015, pp. 5–19, ISSN 0340-3718 .
- ↑ Marco Nathkin: Model-based analysis of the influences of changes in forest management and the climate on the water balance of groundwater-dependent landscape elements . Dissertation. Mathematical and Natural Science Faculty of the University of Potsdam, 2010. (PDF) , p. 51.
- ↑ Martin Theuerkauf, Mathias Küster, Knut Kaiser: Fluctuating lake levels in humid climates: a suitable proxy of past precipitation. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 18: EGU2016-13849. EGU General Assembly 2016. ResearchGate
- ↑ a b c d T. Kabus, I. Wiehle: Warnitzsee. Brief description and information of the permanent observation areas of the ecosystem environmental observation in the biosphere reserves of Brandenburg. 2015. (PDF)
- ↑ a b Natura 2000 management plan in the state of Brandenburg Management plan for the FFH area Poratzer Morain Landscape State internal no. 140, EU no. DE 2948-304. State Office for the Environment of Brandenburg, 2019. (PDF)
- ↑ Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part VIII: Uckermark. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1986, p. 236/37.
- ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer , Elzbieta Foster, Klaus Müller, Gerhard Schlimpert, Sophie Wauer, Cornelia Willich: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. Part 10: The names of the waters of Brandenburg. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 , p. 135.