White pantyhose

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White pantyhose
White hoeswort (Pseudorchis albida)

White hoeswort ( Pseudorchis albida )

Systematics
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Orchideae
Sub tribus : Orchidinae
Genre : Höswurzen ( Pseudorchis )
Type : White pantyhose
Scientific name
Pseudorchis albida
( L. ) Á.Löve & D.Löve

The white hoeswort ( Pseudorchis albida (L.) A. & D. Löve ; Syn .: Gymnadenia albida (L.) Rich .; Leucorchis albida (L.) E. Mey. ), Also called white tongue or white tongue , is next to Pseudorchis straminea the only species of the genus Pseudorchis in the orchid family . Along with the green hollow tongue ( Coeloglossum viride ) and the dwarf stendel ( Chamorchis alpina ), it is one of the typical orchids of the mountain meadows.

description

The slender, perennial herbaceous plant reaches heights of between 10 and 40 cm. The three to seven leaves are distributed on the stem , the lower ones are oblong-egg-shaped to oblong-lanceolate.

inflorescence

The inflorescence is narrow-cylindrical, dense and floriferous. The bloom cladding sheets are bent together like a helmet. The lip is deeply three-lobed, with the middle lobe tongue-shaped and the side lobes usually pointed and narrower than the middle lobe. The spur becomes 2 to 3 mm long. The flowering period is from June to August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40 or 42.

Occurrence

The distribution area extends from Europe to Far Eastern Asiatic Russia and from Eastern Canada to Greenland.

Acid-acidic grasslands, pasture lawns and dwarf shrub communities from the lower montane to alpine altitude are preferred as locations. White Höswurz thrives on moderately fresh, more or less base-rich, lime-free, acidic, musty-peaty humus, stony or pure loamy soils. It is a character species of the Nardion association and likes to appear together with the arnica ( Arnica montana ). It is also found more rarely in associations of the Violion caninae or Juncion squarrosi. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises up to 2200 meters above sea level. According to Baumann and Künkele , the species has the following altitude limits in the Alpine countries: Germany 50–2310 meters, France 800–2600 meters, Switzerland 500–2550 meters, Liechtenstein 1100–2200 meters, Austria 700–2370 meters, Italy 590–2550 meters, Slovenia 200–2250 meters. In Europe the species occurs from 1 meter above sea level in Norway up to 2700 meters in Bulgaria.

In Austria it is scattered to moderately frequent, but is absent in Burgenland and Vienna .

White Höswurz ( Pseudorchis albida ) in the Zillertal Alps
White Höswurz ( Pseudorchis albida ) in the Allgäu Alps

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Pseudorchis albida subsp. albida : It occurs from Europe to East Asia.
  • Pseudorchis albida subsp. tricuspis (Beck) E. Klein : It occurs only in Europe and here in Scandinavia, in northern Russia, in Central Europe, France, Italy, in the former Yugoslavia and in Romania. In Germany it was newly detected in the Allgäu Alps of Bavaria at the Hinteren Entschen-Alpe in the Retterschwanger Valley , at the Taufers-Alpe and at the Salober .

No longer as a subspecies, but as a separate species:

particularities

It very rarely forms hybrids with Gymnadenia conopsea , Gymnadenia odoratissima and Nigritella rhellicani .

literature

  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Muer, Angerer: Alpine Plants , Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-3374-1

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Pseudorchis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 276.
  3. ↑ a b Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 379-380.
  4. ↑ a b Helmut Baumann , Siegfried Künkele : Orchidaceae . In: Oskar Sebald u. a .: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition Volume 8, page 350. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1998. ISBN 3-8001-3359-8

Web links

Commons : White Höswurz ( Pseudorchis albida )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files