Wembley Gate

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In German football, a Wembley goal is a hit on the crossbar in which the ball bounces down from the lower edge of the crossbar, possibly not crossing the goal line completely and then jumping back into the field. After such game scenes it is often controversial whether the ball was in the goal or not. If the ball is demonstrably not in the goal, it is a phantom goal .

In particular, this means the goal of the English national soccer team in the extension of the final of the 1966 soccer world championship against Germany in Wembley Stadium . The goal was given even though the ball had not completely crossed the goal line.

history

1966 World Cup final

The term arose from Geoff Hurst's controversial goal to make it 3-2 (final score 4-2 afterwards) during the 1966 World Cup final between the English and German national soccer teams at London's Wembley Stadium on July 30, 1966. In the 101st minute, Hurst overcame German goalkeeper Hans Tilkowski with a shot from close range. The ball hit the bottom of the bar on the ground and was then beheaded over the goal by the German defender Wolfgang Weber . The Swiss referee Gottfried Dienst initially decided on a corner kick and only after consultation with the Soviet linesman Tofiq Bəhramov on goal. Communication was in English , although Bəhramov only spoke Azerbaijani and Russian .

The goal is important for the outcome of the game insofar as Germany opened its defense after the goal and England then scored another goal in the final seconds (but there were already spectators on the field), so that the final score was 4 : 2 was.

Aftermath

The linesman admitted that he had not seen exactly whether the ball was in the goal (in fact, he left the flag down at first); However, from the reaction of those involved (cheering from the English, reluctance from the Germans), he concluded that a goal must have been scored. However, this does not agree with his memoir: There he wrote that he was completely convinced that the ball was behind the line because it had hit the net. He did not see the ball hit the ground because he concentrated on the cheering Englishmen. Touching the net with the ball was never discussed as a variant in England, and the television recordings clearly show the opposite.

Immediately after the ball hit the ground, the English striker Roger Hunt turned away cheering; afterwards the ball was beheaded by Wolfgang Weber over the goal. Hunt stated that if he hadn't been completely sure the ball was behind the line, he would have "pushed it in".

Federal President Heinrich Lübke was widely criticized in Germany when he said after the 1966 World Cup: "The ball was in." In England this goal was discussed far less than in Germany. The term "Wembley Goal" is used there in Linguistic usage not used. They simply speak of the “third goal” or generally refer to controversial goals as “ghost goals”.

Later investigations

For a long time it was unclear whether the ball was behind the goal line or not. In the 1990s, a study carried out by engineers at Oxford University came to the conclusion that the ball had not been in the goal but missed the full crossing of the line by six centimeters. Other studies based on photos and film recordings also asserted that the ball jumped on the goal line because you can see lime thrown up the goal line. A processing of a 35 mm film, which was recorded during the game in 1966, allegedly shows beyond any doubt that the ball did not completely cross the goal line, neither when it hit the crossbar nor during its flight phase. The camera that took these images was almost at the level of the goal line, so that it can be seen that the ball had taken the shortest path between the crossbar and the line and jumped on it. These findings were published in May 2006.

Technical aids

As FIFA previously did not allow video evidence in football , a computer chip in the ball was discussed, with the help of which the position of the ball can be precisely determined. This would make it possible to decide whether the ball has crossed the line or not. Many ball manufacturers worked on this system for several years. At the end of 2007, Adidas presented a chip ball that has been in development since 2005. The ball was tested at the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup . However, the International Football Association Board decided against any new technical aids in the spring of 2008. It has been speculated that this could possibly mean the ultimate end for this technology. FIFA President Sepp Blatter responded to international criticism of the referee's performance at the 2010 World Cup and announced a discussion on the technology for the IFAB meeting in Cardiff, Wales, in mid-July 2010. This had no tangible result. At the IFAB meeting on July 5, 2012 in Zurich, the introduction of goal-line technology was finally decided. In the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup and 2013 and the Confederations Cup in 2013 were tested various technologies. The GoalControl system was introduced for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil .

Similar incident at the 2010 World Cup

44 years after the controversial Wembley goal, a similar incident occurred, again between Germany and England at a World Cup. On June 27, 2010 Frank Lampard scored a goal in the round of 16 between Germany and England when the score was 2-1, which was not recognized. Lampard's long-range shot hit the lower edge of the crossbar, landed behind the goal line, jumped from there again to the crossbar and was caught by the German goalkeeper Manuel Neuer after the second appearance on the goal line and immediately thrown back onto the field. Neither the referee Jorge Larrionda nor the linesman Mauricio Espinosa recognized the hit. Due to its similarity with the Wembley goal and the possibly decisive game situation, the 2: 2 not given in the German media was also "reversed Wembley goal", as "Wembley goal reloaded" or as "Wembley is now called Bloemfontein " or " Revenge for Wembley ”. Germany won the game 4-1.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Excerpt from an interview with Dienst from the early 1980s
  2. ↑ World Cup 1966 flashback . BBC sports
  3. ^ The archive: the Wembley Gate. In: collision. Retrieved June 19, 2016 .
  4. ^ Ian Reid and Andrew Zisserman: Goal-directed video metrology. In: Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Computer Vision, LNCS 1065, Cambridge 1996, Volume II, pp. 647-658, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, doi : 10.1007 / 3-540-61123-1 , online at University of Oxford (PDF; 1.2 MB)
  5. ↑ FIFA officials reject Chip-Ball. In: FOCUS Online. March 8, 2008, accessed August 16, 2008 .
  6. ↑ Rejection to "Chipball". In: ORF.at. Retrieved March 8, 2008, August 16, 2008 : “'I think that was the end of it all,' commented Brian Barwick, head of the Football Association of England [FA], on the IFAB's attitude not to use technological innovations to make disputed goalscoring easier . "
  7. ↑ U- turn at FIFA? Blatter calls for discussion about aids. In: kicker.de. June 29, 2010. Retrieved July 3, 2010 .
  8. ↑ IFAB gives the green light for goal-line technology . FIFA website, July 5, 2012, accessed August 23, 2012
  9. ↑ "Inverted" Wembley goal shakes Three Lions. In: ZEIT Online. June 27, 2010, accessed June 27, 2010 .
  10. ^ After the England game: Wembley reloaded. In: FAZ.net. June 27, 2010, accessed June 27, 2010 .
  11. ↑ Wembley is now called Bloemfontein. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung Online. June 27, 2010, accessed June 27, 2010 .