Westerharde

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The Harden of the Duchy of Schleswig , Westerharde in uniform coloring on the left edge of the picture
The Westerharde with Westerland-Föhr and Amrum

The Westerharde (according to older sources also Westerharde Föhr ; Danish Vesterherred ) was a Harde or Birk in the Kingdom of Denmark . It existed until 1864 or 1867 and included the western part of the island of Föhr , Westerland Föhr , and the island of Amrum .

history

The Westerharde was first mentioned in 1231 in the Waldemar earth book as Westerhæreth Føør . Amrum is called ambrum, hus, ha, co. listed, so there were houses, hares and rabbits there. Together with Østærhæreth Føør , Harde Osterland Föhr , the taxes were set at 54 marks pure silver .

Under the Danish King Waldemar IV. Ruled feudal knights who Harde. Most of the time, however, no Danish representatives lived on the islands. For a long time, the Harde was administered by twelve councilors, some of whom lived on Amrum. Every five years taxes had to be paid, which were collected by the "Ummärkungsmännern" or "Gangfersmännern". In 1460 the Harde was pledged to the Schleswig bishop Nikolaus IV and the archdeacon Cord Cordes and only redeemed in 1484. In 1661 King Frederik III sold the hardship to Count Hans von Schack ; the Danish King Christian V bought it back after his death in 1676 (according to other sources in 1683).

In 1697 the Harde was converted into a Birk, which was run by a Birkvogt who resided in Nieblum on Föhr. The twelve councilors were replaced by 40 gangfers, six of them from Amrum. From 1735 the residents of the Harde had the privilege of being exempted from military service “for ever and ever”. In 1835, a "contribution" of 1,700 Reichstalers had to be paid.

After the German-Danish War in 1864, the Westerharde came from Denmark to Prussia and subsequently to the German Empire in 1871 in exchange for the island of Ærø and the areas around Ribe and Kolding . In 1867 the administrative area was separated into the offices of Amrum and Westerlandföhr .

aftermath

  • The North Frisian language has remained stronger in the former Westerharde than in other areas of North Frisia . The Öömrang spoken in Amrum and the Fering in the west of the island of Föhr are still more widespread than, for example, the Fering in the east of Föhr. Even today there are slight differences between the variants of Föhr Frisian spoken in Westerland Föhr and Osterland Föhr. The variant of the Westerland is called Weesdring , that of the Osterland is called Aasdring .
  • In 1964 the work and supply ship MS Westerharde with home port Wittdün was put into service. It was later located in Wilhelmshaven and then sold to the Netherlands.
  • The Office Westerlandföhr was in 1970 with the Office Osterlandföhr to föhr-land combined.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Volkert F. Faltings: The thing protocols of Föhrer Westerharde. (PDF), accessed on October 12, 2015
  2. ^ O. Nielsen (Ed.): Liber Census Daniæ - Kong Valdemar den andens jordbog. GEC Gads, København 1875, p. 18.
  3. ^ O. Nielsen (Ed.): Liber Census Daniæ - Kong Valdemar den andens jordbog. GEC Gads, København 1875, p. 33.
  4. ^ O. Nielsen (Ed.): Liber Census Daniæ - Kong Valdemar den andens jordbog. GEC Gads, København 1875, p. 106.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Georg Quedens , Hans Hingst, Gerhard piece, Ommo Wilts: Amrum. Landscape, history, nature. Jens Quedens Verlag, Amrum 1991, ISBN 3-924422-24-9 , p. 65.
  6. ^ Georg Quedens , Hans Hingst, Gerhard piece, Ommo Wilts: Amrum. Landscape, history, nature. Jens Quedens Verlag, Amrum 1991, ISBN 3-924422-24-9 , p. 64.
  7. ↑ a b Prehistory of the Föhr-Amrum office , accessed on October 12, 2015
  8. ↑ entry in shipspotting.com , accessed on 13 October 2015