Western equine encephalomyelitis

Classification according to ICD-10
A83.1	Western equine encephalitis
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

The Western equine encephalomyelitis (Engl. Western Equine Encephalomyelitis [WEE]) is a fatal viral disease of horses that like all Pferdeenzephalomyelitiden notifiable animal diseases belongs. It can also be transmitted to humans ( zoonosis ) and can also trigger a fatal disease.

Pathogen

Western Equine Encephalitis Virus
Systematics
Classification : Viruses Area : Riboviria Empire : Orthornavirae Phylum : Kitrinoviricota Class : Alsuviricetes Order : Martellivirales Family : Togaviridae Genre : Alphavirus Subgenus : Western equine encephalitis complex Type : Western Equine Encephalitis Virus
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : (+) ssRNA linear Baltimore : Group 4 Symmetry : icosahedral Cover : available
Scientific name
Western equine encephalitis virus
Short name
WEEV
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 11039 ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 218 ICTV Taxon History: 201855112

The causative agent of the disease is the Western Equine Encephalitis Virus ( Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus , WEEV, German also Western equine encephalitis virus ) from the genus Alphavirus of the Togaviridae family , which is closely related to the Sindbis virus and also is related to the EEEV pathogen causing eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE). There are several variants of the virus and are thought to be a recombinant of Sindbis Virus (SINV) and Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV).

The disease caused by this pathogen occurs in North America west of the Mississippi River , in Mexico and in South America .

Mosquitoes of the genera Culex and Aedes as well as ticks ( Dermacentor andersoni ) act as the main vectors . Wild birds serve as virus reservoirs, but the infection is silent or harmless.

clinic

Infections mainly occur in summer and early autumn when the mosquitoes are active. The disease is usually milder than Eastern equine encephalomyelitis.

The incubation period is 1 to 7 days. Clinically, there are fever , fatigue , reluctance to eat , sleep-like states , paralysis of the throat and limbs, coordination disorders and being stuck. The mortality in horses is 20-30%, death usually occurs within 2 to 7 days. In humans, the disease is fatal in around 10% of cases.

Combat

There is no effective therapy or preventive vaccination .

literature

• Nicholas A. Bergrena, Albert J. Augustea, Naomi L. Forrestera et al. a .: Western Equine Encephalitis Virus: Evolutionary Analysis of a Declining Alphavirus Based on Complete Genome Sequences. In: Journal of Virology. (JVI) August 2014, Volume 88, No. 16, pp. 9260-9267, doi: 10.1128 / JVI.01463-14 .

Web links

Commons : Western Equine Encephalomyelitis  - Collection of Pictures, Videos, and Audio Files

• Burke A Cunha, Mohan Nandalur: Western Equine Encephalitis . On: emedicine.medscape.com last update: February 29, 2016; last accessed on August 30, 2016.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Adriana Delfraro, Analía Burgueño, Noelia Morel u. a .: Fatal Human Case of Western Equine Encephalitis, Uruguay. In: Emerging Infectious Diseases. Volume 17, No. 5, May 2011, pp. 952–954 → Letters, doi: 10.3201 / eid1705.101068 ( full text as PDF file ).
2. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2 . MSL # 34, March 2019
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !