Wild stud

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A wild stud , also known as a wild animal stud , was the term used to describe horse breeding on wasteland or natural areas that were unattractive for agriculture at the time, often with forests, under the supervision of shepherds, where horses reproduced without breeding guidance or where only the stallions used were subject to a selection.

As a rule, light horses were bred in wild stud farms for the military and for agricultural purposes. Examples of these breeds are the wild studs of the Teutonic Knights Order , in which the progenitor of the Trakehner - the Schweike - was bred, but also the wild stud on the Senne , which was the basis of the Senner horse . These wild studs represented an important basis for covering the basic need for horses well into the 18th century. It was only the targeted establishment of land and state studs that laid the basis for broad-based, high-quality breeding as we know it today.

Germany

  • Dülmen wild horse
    • The animals live in the wild in the Merfelder Bruch near Dülmen in an area with an area of ​​350 hectares , the wild horse track . The average of 350 animals reach a size of 1.20-1.35 m. It is no longer a real wild horse; however, it is believed that high proportions of wild horse blood flow in them. Przewalski horses and Koniks were regularly added to the herd in the past.
  • Dairyman horse
    • Senner horses are considered the oldest horse breed in Germany. Their keeping in the wild of the Senne has been documented since 1160 and was maintained until the 19th century. Since 1999 there has been another Wildbahn Senner Horses project .
  • Arenberg-Nordkirchener pony
    • The Arenberg-Nordkirchener Pony was a pony breed from the Münsterland. In 1923, Duke Engelbert von Arenberg started semi-wild breeding in the Nordkirchener Wildbahn, similar to that in Dülmen (in the Merfelder Bruch, home of the Dülmen wild horse) with Panje mares (similar to the Konik) from Eastern Europe and Dülmen stallions.
  • Emscherbruch
    • The Emscherbrücher or Emscherbrücher Dickkopp was common in the rift along the Emscher between Waltrop and Bottrop until the beginning of the 19th century . The last Emscherbrücher were captured and sold to Dülmen in the 1840s .
  • Davertnickel

England

Dartmoor ponies
  • Exmoor pony
    • A feral horse that occurs in England next to the " Dartmoor pony ", the origin of which is not clearly established. In contrast to the securely domesticated Dartmoor pony, the Exmoor pony has some peculiarities, both externally and in terms of behavior, which speak more for that of a real wild horse than that of a feral domestic horse.
  • Dartmoor pony
    • The Dartmoor pony is native to the Dartmoor Heath in south-west England. It is closely related to the Exmoor pony.
  • New Forest pony
    • The New Forest pony comes from a wooded area near Southampton and was first mentioned in 1016. Several thousand ponies still live there in semi-wild herds.

America

  • Assateague pony
    • The Assateague pony (also Chincoteague pony) is a North American horse breed that is native to the Atlantic island of Assateague. There the ponies live in the wild, but are under human care.

France

Sweden

  • Gotland pony
    • The Gotland pony (Swedish: Gotlandsruss) is an old Swedish breed of small horses on the island of Gotland and surrounding islands. Even today there is a group of wild Gotland Russians in the Lojsta hed forest in the middle of the island.

Hutsulei (border area of ​​Romania, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary)

  • Hutsul
    • The mountain ponies lived semi-wild there in the Hutsulei and served the people as carrying and draft animals. Their coat color is mostly brown, isabel or dun. Often they have wild horse badges such as back cross, eel line and black stripes, which suggests that they are still closely related to the primeval horse Tarpan.

See also