Winter jasmine
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Winter jasmine ( Jasminum nudiflorum ) |
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| Jasminum nudiflorum | ||||||||||||
| Lindl. |
The Winter jasmine ( Jasminum nudiflorum , Syn. : Jasminum sieboldianum flower), or winter jasmine , Nacktblütiger Jasmine , Yellow Winter jasmine and Real winter jasmine , belongs to the genus Jasminum in the family of Olive Family (Oleaceae). Its flowering time, which falls in the winter months, is unusual.
Origin and Distribution
Winter jasmine is native to the northern and western Chinese provinces of Gansu , Shaanxi , Sichuan , southeastern Tibet and northwestern Yunnan . It grows in thickets, on slopes and in gorges at altitudes between 800 and 4500 m above sea level.
In 1844 it also came to Europe. Today it is an ornamental plant in parks and gardens of the temperate latitudes, in France constantly overgrown.
description
Jasminum nudiflorum is a deciduous, broad- growing shrub with green, square, arched, low-lying branches that take root when they touch the ground. This allows the winter jasmine to form tangled, dense bushes. The spreading climber reaches heights of about 2 meters (with a climbing aid up to 5 m). Its glossy green leaves are opposite and pinnate in three parts. The ganzrandigen pinna leaflets are ovate to narrow elliptical and 1 to 3 cm long. Because of the green branches, the shrub looks like it is evergreen , but it sheds its leaves in autumn.
The flowers appear in the winter months before the leaves shoot and are single and axillary on the bare, previous year's branches (the epithet "nudiflorum" = " bare-flowered" indicates this property ). In contrast to almost all other members of the family, the flowers are not fragrant. The main flowering time is from December to April; it is a so-called winter bloomer. In mild temperatures, the winter jasmine shows its yellow flowers even before Christmas. If the frost is severe, the flowers freeze to death, but continue to drift. The flower stalk is 2 to 3 mm long. The hermaphrodite flowers measure about 2 to 2.5 cm in diameter and are five or six-fold. The five or six sepals are green. Five or six petals have grown together to form a yellow corolla, which is salver-shaped and the corolla tube is about 8 to 20 mm long. There are only two stamens in each flower . The ovary is on top.
There are berries formed to ellipsoid, 6 are ovate mm long and have a diameter of 3 to 4 mm.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 52.
use
Winter jasmine is cultivated in Europe, as it has been in China since ancient times, as an ornamental plant because of its flowers that appear in winter. In Central Europe, it freezes back in severe frosts and should therefore be planted in sheltered places or walls that also provide support for the branches. The species is also suitable for winter gardens.
Varieties
There are two varieties :
- Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl. var. nudiflorum
- Jasminum nudiflorum var. Pulvinatum (WWSmith) Kobuski
literature
- Jost Fitschen : Wood flora , Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg a. a., 8th edition 1987. ISBN 3-494-01151-6
- Urania plant kingdom: flowering plants vol. 2, Urania-Verl., Jena u. a., 1st edition 1994, ISBN 3-332-00497-2
Individual evidence
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 748 .
Web links
- Profile of the item (German)
- Various pictures at GartenDatenbank.de
- Profile of the Botanical Garden in Bochum. ( Memento of June 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Description of the species in the Flora of China. (engl.)
- The kind at Plants for the Future. (engl.)