Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko

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Vladimir Korolenko
Vladimir Korolenko Signature.png

Vladimir Korolenko ( Russian Владимир Галактионович Короленко , Ukrainian Володимир Галактіонович Короленко Volodymyr Korolenko Halaktionowytsch ; born July 15 . Jul / 27. July  1853 . Greg in Zhytomyr ; †  25. December 1921 in Poltava ) was a Russian writer Polish - Ukrainian origin.

biography

Korolenko grew up in Zhytomyr as one of the five children of the judge Galaktion Korolenko. In 1868 the family moved to Rivne , two years later the father died, which plunged the family into bitter poverty. Nevertheless, Korolenko graduated from school with honors. He went to Saint Petersburg and began studying at the Technical University. In 1874 he went to Moscow and enrolled at the Academy of Agriculture and Forestry. In addition to studying, Korolenko was often involved in student revolutionary movements. This led to his forced de-registration in 1876, as well as to his arrest and banishment to Kronstadt . After his release in 1877, Korolenko lived for a few years in Saint Petersburg, where he began to write short stories. In 1879 he was arrested again and exiled to Siberia for six years . There he worked in agriculture as well as in the shoemaker's trade and wrote several short stories.

In 1885 Korolenko went back to European Russia and settled in Nizhny Novgorod with official permission . There he wrote further stories for various magazines and became acquainted with Leo Tolstoy in 1886 and with Maxim Gorky in 1889 . During the famine of 1892 , he worked for poor farmers. Many of his stories from that time shed light on the difficult everyday lives of Russian farmers.

In 1896 Korolenko moved again to Petersburg, where he worked as editor of the magazine Russkoje Bogatstvo , which was close to the Narodniki . In 1900 he went to Poltava and campaigned there, among other things, for the rebellious peasants and against the executions of revolutionaries after the failed popular uprising of 1905 . During this time he wrote a number of stories and essays, some of which were considered critical of the government, which is why the state authorities tried several times to indict Korolenko.

After the October Revolution in 1917 and during the civil war that followed , he continued to live in Poltava, did charitable work and tried several times to mediate between the parties in the civil war. In 1921 he died of pneumonia . His most important work, the autobiographical story of my contemporary from 1905 to 1921 , was only published in full after his death. In 1904 the first book "In the Land of Sent New Stories from Siberia", translated by W. Abel, was published in Germany by (Jacobsthal Verlag Berlin). In 1902 and 1918 he was made an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences .

Korolenko house in Gelendzhik

Commemoration

At Gelendzhik on the Black Sea there is a Korolenko Museum in his former holiday home, which was built in 1902 and has served the writer several times as a summer residence. Another Korolenko museum is in Nizhny Novgorod, where Korolenko lived for several years.

On January 13, 1922, there was an evening event in Berlin in honor of Korolenko under the title "Dom iskusstv".

The tombstone in Poltava was referred to in a US documentary from the Second World War as “the tombstone of the Ukrainian writer Korolenko” - his house was presented as destroyed.

Works (selection)

  • 1880: The Whimsical (Russian Чудная)
  • 1882: The Blackjack (Russian Убивец)
  • 1885: The forest rustles (Russian Лес шумит)
  • 1885: Makar's dream (Russian Сон Макара)
  • 1885: On Easter Vigil (Russian В ночь под светлый праздник)
  • 1885: The Falcon of Sakhalin (Russian Соколинец)
  • 1886: The blind musician (Russian Слепой музыкант)
  • 1890: The foster child (Russian Приемыш)
  • 1891: The river stirs (Russian Река играет)
  • 1901: The lights (Russian Огоньки)
  • 1904: in German: In the Land of the Sent New Stories from Siberia
  • 1919: in German: The story of my contemporary , Volume 1. Translator Rosa Luxemburg. Cassirer, Berlin; again Rütten & Loening , Berlin 1953; again with foreword by the translator: März Verlag , Frankfurt a. M. 1970 (Russian История моего современника)
  • 1920: The letters to the People's Commissar Lunacharsky (Russian Письма к Луначарскому)
  • 1922: The story of my contemporary . 4 volumes (Russian История моего современника)

literature

  • Maxim Gorky : Vladimir Korolenko. In: Maxim Gorki: Literary portraits . 3rd edition. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin and Weimar 1979, pp. 237–261.

See also

Web links

Wikisource: Wladimir Korolenko  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Vladimir Korolenko  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

notes

  1. ↑ Honorary members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724: Короленко, Владимир Галактионович. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed February 25, 2021 (in Russian).
  2. ^ Operation Titanic (1944) , National Archives and Records Administration - US film about Operation Frantic , minute 37
  3. ↑ Today in the public domain, is offered in numerous editions. Detailed information on the translation UeLex , Translator Lexicon , by Andreas F. Kelletat . Also in the Gutenberg project . Luxemburg had published the sections The Bought Boys and The Boarding School from this book in advance as early as 1914.
personal data
SURNAME Korolenko, Vladimir Galaktionovich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian writer
BIRTH DATE July 27, 1853
PLACE OF BIRTH Zhytomyr
DATE OF DEATH December 25, 1921
PLACE OF DEATH Poltava