Wullschlaegelia

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Wullschlaegelia
Illustration by: Wullschlaegelia aphylla (Fig. I, left), Wullschlaegelia calcarata (Fig. II, top right) from Alfred Cogniaux (1841 - 1916) In: Martius, Eichler, Urban: Flora Brasiliensis, Volume 3, 4, circa 1895, Plate 57 [1]

Illustration by: Wullschlaegelia aphylla (Fig. I, left), Wullschlaegelia calcarata (Fig. II, top right) from Alfred Cogniaux (1841 - 1916) In: Martius, Eichler, Urban: Flora Brasiliensis , Volume 3, 4, circa 1895, Plate 57

Systematics
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Epidendroideae
Tribe : Calypsoeae
Genre : Wullschlaegelia
Scientific name
Wullschlaegelia
Rchb. f.

The plant genus wullschlaegelia belongs to the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The only two types are common in the Neotropics . These are leaf-less, mykoheterotrophic plants.

description

Vegetative characteristics

The Wullschlaegelia species are perennial herbaceous plants that reached heights of 30 to 40 centimeters. They are leafless and have a mycoheterotrophic diet . The rhizome is short and ascending. The roots are partly thickened in a fusiform tuberous manner (these roots have a velamen ), partly thin and fibrous. The shoot is erect and has a few scale-like bracts at intervals . The whole plant, including the flowers, is densely covered with branched trichomes .

Generative characteristics

The inflorescence is quite densely covered with many flowers . The ovary is stalked. The flowers may or may not be resupinated .

The hermaphrodite, white flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. Sepals and petals lie against each other and form a tube. The dorsal sepal is free, it is oval to broadly lanceolate, concave in shape, it ends with a point. The lateral sepals start at the clearly formed column foot, at the base they form a sack-like protuberance. The petals are free, they resemble the dorsal sepal. The lip is elongated, wider in front, unlobed, concave. It starts at the base of the column without any separating fabric or joints. The column is very short, it extends well beyond the point of attachment at the ovary ("column foot"). The scar sits in a lashed pit. The stamen is slightly bent down compared to the columnar axis. It contains two pollinia , they are powdery-grainy with a clear adhesive disc (Viscidium), but without stalks. The dividing tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is stalked and straight, it ends with two lobes.

Systematics, botanical history and distribution

The genus Wullschlaegelia was established in 1863 by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach . The only species known to him, Wullschlaegelia aphylla , had already been described by Olof Peter Swartz as Cranichis aphylla in 1788 . The first description of the second species, Wullschlaegelia calcarata , was published in 1881 by George Bentham . The name Wullschlaegelia honors the missionary and plant collector Heinrich Rudolf Wullschlägel (1805–1864).

The relationship of Wullschlaegelia is unclear. Uleiorchis was often mentioned as a related genus . Robert Dressler placed Wullschlaegelia in the tribe Gastrodieae ; but the Gastrodieae have no velamen. First molecular genetic studies suggest an assignment to the tribe Calypsoeae .

The species of the genus Wullschlaegelia are distributed from tropical Mexico across Central to South America and on the Caribbean islands.

The species known so far are:

literature

  • Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN  0347-8742 .
  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Epidendroideae (Part one) . tape 4 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2005, ISBN 0-19-850712-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ scanned
  2. ↑ a b Leslie Garay: Wullschlaegelia. In: Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) , pp. 230-231.
  3. ↑ a b c d e John Freudenstein, Alec Pridgeon: Wullschlaegelia. In: Genera Orchidacearum. Volume 4, pp. 111-113.
  4. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Wullschlaegelia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  5. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names. Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.bgbm.org  
  6. ^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 96 .

Further information

Commons : Wullschlaegelia  - album with pictures, videos and audio files