Xie Xuehong

Xie Xuehong.

Xie Xuehong ( Chinese 謝雪紅 ; * October 17, 1901 in Changhua County , † November 5, 1970 in Beijing ) was a Taiwanese politician and suffragette. As the founder of the Communist Party of Taiwan , she was persecuted by the Kuomintang and fled to China , where she became a member of the Taiwanese Democratic Self-Determination League (Taimeng) and the Chinese Communist Party .

Life

Xie was born in 1901, the fourth of seven children to a working-class family in Changhua County . At the time of her birth, Taiwan was a colony of the Japanese Empire . In the course of her life she took on at least seven other names. At the age of twelve she was adopted by another family. When her abusive adoptive family tried to force her to marry her son, Xie fled the family home. In 1918 she married Zhang Shumin. The couple lived for a while in the Japanese city of Kobe , where Xie was from the democracy of the Taishō periodwas heavily influenced. Shortly after Xie and Zhang settled in China, the couple divorced when Xie discovered that Zhang was already married to another woman. Xie then gave sewing classes and sold the clothes she made herself.

Xie saw the May Fourth Movement as a political turning point and later joined Chiang Wei-shui's resistance to Japanese rule . She studied sociology at Shanghai University and took part in the May 30th Movement in 1925 . In the same year the Chinese Communist Party was invited to join, but it is disputed whether it actually became a formal member. After that, Xie continued her studies in Moscow . She returned to China in 1927 and founded the Taiwan Communist Party there in 1928 . Xie introduced her ideology to Chiang's Taiwan People's Party as well as the Taiwan Cultural Association after assuming leading positions in both organizations. She believed that maintaining a distinct Taiwanese identity and participation of the bourgeoisie would allow communism to flourish in Taiwan. Other members disagreed, and Xie was expelled from the Taiwanese Communist Party in 1931. She was arrested later that year and sentenced to 13 years in prison for spreading Communist ideology. However, she was released in 1939 after contracting tuberculosis.

In 1945, Xie became involved again in politics when the Kuomintang forces arrived in Taiwan. She expressed the belief that "Taiwan must be ruled by Taiwanese." In September 1946 she founded the People's Association of Taiwan, which was dissolved by the Kuomintang government in January 1947. In 1947, they convened the 27 Brigade and took from her home base in Taichung at the incident on 28 February in part, where they called on the demonstrators to violence. Three weeks later, she fled to Hong Kong , where she founded the Taiwanese Democratic Self-Determination League (Taimeng) before moving to Xiamen . Under Xie's leadership, the league rejected the intentions of the Formosan League for Reemancipation , which advocated formal independence or trusteeship. When it was founded, the Taimeng supported the liberation of Taiwan from the rule of Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang. In China, Xie served in the Communist Youth Association of China and as a member of the Political Consultative Conference of the Chinese People . However, she still advocated Taiwan's independence and was persecuted by the Chinese Communist Party for this during the "Campaign Against Right-wing Deviators".

Xie died in Beijing in 1970 as a victim of the Cultural Revolution . In 1986 she was posthumously rehabilitated by the Chinese Communist Party.

Web links

Commons : Xie Xuehong  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Lily Xiao Hong Lee: 中國 婦女 傳記 詞典: The Twentieth Century, 1912-2000 . ME Sharpe, 2003, ISBN 978-0-7656-0798-0 , pp. 591 (English, google.com ).
2. ^ ^{A b} Ya-chen Chen: Taiwanese Communist Feminist, Xie Xuehong: Li Ang's Literary Portrait of Xie Xuehong's Pre-1949 Feminist Activism in Taiwan . In: American Journal of Chinese Studies . tape 19 , no. 2 , October 2012, p. 119-126 (English, pdf ).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Han Cheung: Taiwan in Time: A leftist under three regimes. In: Taipei Times . January 2, 2016, accessed October 2, 2016 . 
4. ^ CL Chiou: The uprising of 28 February 1947 on Taiwan: The official 1992 investigation report . In: China Information . tape 7 , no. 4 , March 1, 1993, p. 1–19 , doi : 10.1177 / 0920203X9300700401 (English).
5. ^ ^{A b} Han Cheung: Taiwan in Time: The Taiwanese who hoped to 'liberate' Taiwan. In: Taipei Times . November 10, 2019, accessed October 9, 2019 . 
6. ^ ^{A b} Nancy Bernkopf Tucker (Ed.): Dangerous Strait: The US - Taiwan - China Crisis . Columbia University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0-231-13565-8 , pp. 49 (English, google.com ).
7. ^ ^{A b} Murray A. Rubinstein: Taiwan: A New History . ME Sharpe, 2007, ISBN 978-0-7656-1494-0 , pp. 317 (English, google.com ).
8. ↑ George N. Katsiaficas: Asia's Unknown Uprisings . PM Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-60486-488-5 , pp. 183 (English, google.com ).
9. ↑ Ben Blanchard: China tries to reclaim Taiwan political heroine. Reuters, February 27, 2007, accessed October 2, 2016 . 
10. ↑ Lily Xiao Hong Lee: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: v. 2: Twentieth Century . Routledge, 2016, ISBN 978-1-315-49923-9 , pp. 648-649 (English, google.com ).

Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Xie is the family name here, Xuehong is the first name.