Xu Wenli

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This is a Chinese name ; the family name is Xu (徐).

Xu Wenli at Princeton University in USA

Xu Wenli (Chinese: 徐文立, * July 9, 1943) is from Anqing , which lies in the southeast of the Anhui Province , People's Republic of China . Xu is one of the leaders of the Chinese Democratic Party , organized and participated in the Wall of Democracy Movement , and served as editor-in-chief of April Fifth Forum magazine . Xu was arrested twice by the Chinese government and sentenced to a total of 28 years in prison, of which he served 16 years. Because of his work, he was nominated for the 1999 Nobel Peace Prize. After his exile in the United States on December 24, 2002, Xu received an honorary doctorate from Brown University and then worked at the Watson Institute for International Studies as a research fellow.

Life and Imprisonment

Xu Wenli was born on July 9, 1943 in Anfu County, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China, during the Second Sino-Japanese War . From 1964 to 1969, Xu served in the Navy in the People's Liberation Army . After his release, Xu worked for the Beijing Railway Company from 1969 to 1981. In 1977 he applied to the Journalism Department of Beijing University.

As a key organizer and active participant, Xu played an important role in China's Wall of Democracy Movement in the late 1970s. He served as editor-in-chief of the April Fifth Forum , the first journal of the democratic movement to be privately run by civilians. The magazine's main partners were Zhao Nan and Lv Pu. Under the direction of Xu, the forum became the longest-lived civil publication of the Wall of Democracy Movement and published a total of 17 issues between November 1978 and January 1980.

From June 10 to June 12, 1980, when an opposition political party was formed, Xu met with Wang Xizhe, Sun Weibang and Liu Er'an in Ganjiakou, Beijing. As a result, Xu was found guilty of the crime of "organizing counter-revolutionary groups" in 1981.

In November 1980, Xu proposed a comprehensive reform of Chinese society in his "Gengshen Reform Proposal". In October 1979 he took part in the organization and direction of a number of events, including the "Stars" (Xingxing) art exhibition demonstration. In 1981, Xu was found guilty of spreading revolutionary propaganda and incitement.

Xu was arrested on April 9, 1981, sentenced to 15 years in prison, and in 1982 was deprived of all civil rights for four years .

Xu was released in May 1993. He then traveled around to prepare and come up with ideas for starting a Chinese opposition party.

In November 1997, Xu proposed a political program to end the one-party system ; to found the Third Republic; rebuild constitutional democracy ; and to protect human rights and freedom as well as the political direction of " transparency , rationality , peace and non-violence ". He founded a Chinese opposition party with Qin Yongmin and dissidents from across the nation . In November 1998, together with Zha Jianguo, Gao Hongming, He Depu and Liu Shizun, Xu founded the Beijing and Tianjin branches of the Democratic Party of China. He was arrested on November 30th and sentenced to 13 years in prison and denied civil rights for three years.

exile

In December 2002, the Chinese government released the pro-democracy dissident and sent him into exile and for medical treatment in the United States of America .

Xu Wenli, who had spent more than 16 of the last 21 years in prison for campaigning for democracy and freedom, was reportedly released a week after a visit by an American diplomat who advocated Xu. The release should represent China's desire for good relations with the United States.

According to John Kamm, Xu was officially granted medical parole so that he could receive advanced treatments for his viral disease in the United States. John Kamm, head of an American human rights foundation, said that he was authorized by China to announce this release.

Philip Reeker, State Department spokesman in Washington, DC , said the United States is pleased that China has released Xu Wenli on medical parole. Reeker said the United States, various private groups, and members of Congress had urged China to release Mr. Xu.

Versions from 2002 to 2014

December 2002: Lorne Craner, Deputy State Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, arrived in Beijing in early December to resume the official human rights dialogue with China. As part of the Bush administration's results-based human rights dialogue with China, Craner China provided a list of detainees who Washington believes had been illegally detained. Among others, Xu Wenli, co-founder of the banned in China Democratic Party, who served over 16 of the last 21 years in prison. A week after Craner's return to the US, Xu was released and exiled in the US.

March 2003: Xu Wenli founded the Caring for China Center and is currently the chairman of the center.

May 2003: In May, Hong Kong's Human Rights and Democracy Center announced that Chinese dissident Xu Wenli had received an honorary doctorate from the prestigious Brown University in the United States in recognition of his efforts to promote human rights, justice, democracy and peace. From 2003 to 2013, Xu worked as a research fellow at the Brown Watson Institute of International Studies.

January 2004: Xu Wenli starts working as a professor at the Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University. He teaches a seminar on the history of the Wall of Democracy and the Chinese Democratic Party.

December 2004: Xu Wenli founded the headquarters of the Chinese Democratic Party in exile and is the chief representative of the headquarters.

March 2005: Xu Wenli reaffirmed his political program: "Abolish the one-party dictatorship, put aside the question of Taiwanese independence, restore a democratic China and build an equal and prosperous federation."

June 2007: Xu Wenli is elected chairman of the joint headquarters of the Chinese Democracy Party at the first representative assembly abroad. This gathering sided with three main goals, namely, to 1) emulate the first Asian republic as initiated by the forerunners of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 ; 2) honor the establishment of the Second Republic during the National Assembly of 1946 ; And 3) Build a Third Republic of China on the principles of freedom, prosperity, equality for human rights and constitutional democracy.

March 2010: Xu Wenli initiated the round-the-world torch relay with the title: “Towards the Republic. Pass the torch on. In memory of the founding of the country from the Xinhai Revolution ”. On June 4, 2010, the torch was lit at the location of the Berlin Wall. The torch traveled through Europe for the next three months and was entitled: “Towards the Republic. Pass the torch on. Ten thousand miles around Europe. ”In January 2011, the cauldron was ignited for the 100th anniversary of the Republic of China, located in Zhigong Hall in San Francisco , the place where founding father Sun Yat-sen rose in the rebellion.

December 2010: Xu Wenlie participates in Liu Xiaobo's nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize.

June 2011: Xu Wenlie is re-elected as chairman of the National Joint Headquarters of the Democratic Party of China at the second representative assembly abroad.

July 2013: At the age of 70, Xu retires from Brown University. Xu voluntarily retires from the position of chairman of the Joint Headquarters of the Chinese Democratic Party.

May 2014: When Xu Wenli is asked if he thinks that the current government will change the situation in China and that Xi Jinping will bring harmony to China, he criticizes the party leader to the Epoch Times and says: "Look at it everybody, he is harmonious towards the Chinese people? Is it in harmony with the Christians ? Is he kind to Falun Gong practitioners? ”Xu further condemned the Chinese Communist Party leaders . He said the communist leaders have widespread power and are collecting large sums of money [illegally]. They are not friendly towards the United States or their [China] own neighbors. They portray themselves as peaceful, but in reality they have an evil character, said Xu Wenli.

recognition

The newspaper The New York Times called Xu Wenli "China's most prominent political prisoners."

Nancy Pelosi said: "Mr. Xu is one of the bravest, most eloquent and also most appropriate proponents of democracy."

The Washington Post claimed, "In the struggle for the values ​​that matter most, Mr. Xu and his compatriots, not their hostage-takers, should be recognized as America's true partners."

BBC called Xu Wenli "godfather of dissent" (the godfather of dissent).

See also

Published works

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Andrew Jacobs, Chinese Dissident Relishes a First Taste of Freedom, and Exile , The New York Times, December 29, 2002, accessed August 28, 2017
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Erick Eckholm, wenli & st = cse BEIJING RELEASES LEADING DISSIDENT , The New York Times, December 25, 2002, accessed August 28, 2017
  3. ↑ News about Xu Wenli , The New York Times Archive, 1998 to 2003, accessed August 28, 2017
  4. ↑ a b c d Ben Kutner, Chinese democracy: Xu Wenli speaks out , The Brown Daily Herald, October 4, 2010, accessed September 10, 2017
  5. ↑ a b c d AROUND THE WORLD; China Said to Arrest Two Political Activists , The New York Times, April 20, 1981, accessed August 28, 2017
  6. ↑ a b c d Chinese Pro-Democracy Activist Xu Wenli to Be Conferred Honorary Doctorate Degree from Brown University , Dajiyuan (The Epoch), May 28, 2003, accessed August 28, 2017
  7. ↑ '85 Stars Art Exhibition , Art Archive, artda.cn, October 8, 2009, accessed August 28, 2017
  8. ↑ BEIJING FREES FOE IT HELD 12 YEARS , The New York Times, May 26, 1993, accessed August 28, 2017
  9. ↑ Erick Eckholm, Top Dissident Gets 13 Years After Trial In Beijing , The New York Times, December 21, 1998, accessed August 28, 2017
  10. ^ Xu Wenli and the China Democracy Party , The Choices Program, Brown University, Watson Institute for International Studies, (Videos), accessed September 10, 2017
  11. ↑ a b c Brad Glosserman, Vivian Brailey Fritschi, Comparative Connections , A Quarterly E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations, Vol. 4, No. 4, January 2003, accessed September 10, 2017
  12. ↑ CHINA FREES XU WENLI - 2002-12-30 , editorials, December 29, 2002, accessed September 10, 2017
  13. ↑ a b c Xu Wenli , The Center for Media and Democracy, accessed September 10, 2017
  14. ^ The Second Announcement of the "Towards A Republic. Passing the torch. In Honor of the 100th Anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution. Around the Globe Relay of the Republic Torch, ” Dajiyuan (The Epoch), March 16, 2010, accessed August 28, 2017
  15. ↑ a b c Robin Kemker, The Spirit of Freedom: From Tiananmen to Iran to the Berlin Wall , The Epoch Times, May 29, 2014, accessed on September 10, 2017
  16. ↑ Johnny Erling, Freedom According to the Price? , Die Welt, December 10, 2010, accessed September 10, 2017
  17. ↑ Xu Wenli Re-elected as the Chairman of the National Joint Headquarters of the Chinese Democratic Party  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , The Democratic Party's Chicago Headquarters, accessed August 28, 2017@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.bullogger.com  
  18. ↑ Joseph Kahn, China Cracks Down on Protests After Sending Dissident to US , The New York Times, January 2, 2003, accessed August 28, 2017
  19. ^ Nancy Pelosi, Pelosi: The World Will Not Forget the Martyrs of Tiananmen Square ( October 10, 2010 memento on the Internet Archive ), US House of Representatives, June 4, 2002, accessed August 28, 2017
  20. ↑ Thirteen years Tuesday marks an unhappy anniversary for Chinese people ( Memento of July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), Washington Post, June 3, 2002, accessed August 28, 2017
  21. ↑ Xu Wenli: 'godfather of dissent' , BBC News, December 1, 1998, accessed August 28, 2017
personal data
SURNAME Xu, Wenli
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chinese dissident
DATE OF BIRTH July 9, 1943
PLACE OF BIRTH Anfu , Jiangxi Province , People's Republic of China