Saujet el-Arjan

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Saujet el-Arjan (Egypt)
Saujet el-Arjan
Saujet el-Arjan
Map of Egypt

Coordinates: 29 ° 56 '  N , 31 ° 10'  O Zawyet el'Aryan (also Zaujet el-Arjan ; arabic زاوية العريان, DMG Zāwiyat al-ʿAryān ) is an ancient Egyptian necropolis and archaeological site. It is located about eight kilometers southwest of Giza . Saujet el-Arjan has been a restricted military area since 1960, which makes newer research impossible for the time being. Today the area is largely built over with numerous buildings, only the excavation of the substructure of a pyramid can still be seen as a pit on satellite images. The lowest step of the step pyramid of the Chaba still stands.

In Saujet el-Arjan lie the ruins of several pyramids and mastabas . Most famous are the pyramids of the kings ( pharaohs ) Bicheris (Baka) and Chaba . Close to the Chaba pyramid is the Mastaba Z500 , in which several vessels made of diorite and clay seals with the name of the Chaba were discovered. Some Egyptologists believe that Chaba was more likely to be buried in this mastaba and that the pyramid is from a predecessor.

The first complete catalogs in Saujet el-Arjan were made between 1842 and 1846 by the Lepsius expedition . The first description of the Chaba pyramid was in 1839 by John Shae Perring . Likewise, Karl Richard Lepsius mentioned the pyramid in his reports and assigned it the number XIV in his list of pyramids .

The Baka pyramid was excavated by Alexandre Barsanti between 1905 and 1912 . An American expedition dug here between 1910 and 1911, which was not fully published until 1978. Further research ended with Barsanti's death in 1917. A final exposure occurred in 1954.

literature

  • D. Dunham: Zawiyet el-Aryan: The Cemeteries adjacent to the Layer Pyramid. Museum of Fine Arts: Department of Egyptian and Ancient Near Eastern Art, Boston 1978, ISBN 0-8784-6119-1 .
  • Rainer Stadelmann : The Egyptian pyramids. From brick construction to the wonder of the world (= cultural history of the ancient world . Volume 30). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1991, ISBN 3-8053-1142-7 , p. 75 ff.
  • Mark Lehner : Z500 and The Layer Pyramid of Zawiyet el-Aryan. In: Studies in Honor of William Kelly Simpson. Vol. II. Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston 1996, ISBN 0-8784-6390-9 , pp. 507-522.
  • Mark Lehner: The first wonder of the world: the secrets of the Egyptian pyramids. Econ, Düsseldorf / Munich 1997, ISBN 3-430-15963-6 , p. 95.
  • Zahi Hawass : The Treasures of the Pyramids. Weltbild, Augsburg 2003, ISBN 3-8289-0809-8 , pp. 93 and 110.
  • Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards : The Pyramids of Egypt. West Drayton, New York 1947; (= Penguin archeology. ). Revised edition [with new materials], Penguin Books, Harmondsworth 1993 (German edition Die ägyptischen Pyramiden. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1967).
  • Erik Hornung , Rolf Krauss , David Warburton: Ancient Egyptian chronology. Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-9-0041-1385-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Satellite image on Google Earth
  2. ^ E. Hornung, R. Krauss, D. Warburton: Ancient Egyptian chronology. Leiden / Boston 2006, pp. 119–121.
  3. ^ Karl Richard Lepsius : Monuments from Egypt and Ethiopia. Nicolaische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1849.
  4. ^ D. Dunham: Zawiyet el-Aryan. Boston 1978.