Stone pine bolet
| Stone pine bolet | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
_Kuntze_211065_crop.jpg)
Stone pine bolet ( Suillus plorans ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Suillus plorans | ||||||||||||
| ( Rolland ) Kuntze |
The Zirben-Röhrling ( Suillus plorans ), also called Alpine granule or Arven-Röhrling , is a type of mushroom from the family of the smeared boletus . It grows in symbiosis ( mycorrhiza ) with Swiss stone pine , often together with the ringed stone pine bolet ( S. sibiricus subsp. Helveticus ).
features
Macroscopic features
The cap of the stone pine tube has a diameter of 3–10 cm. It is ocher to orange brown or dark fawn brown, sometimes yellow in color. Above it, it is overlaid in brown or dotted with fibers. In wet weather, the surface becomes greasy and slimy. Young hats have a hemispherical shape, later they are curved or spread out. The brim of the hat hardly protrudes or only slightly.
The tubes that have grown on the handle or run down a little are usually significantly shorter than the thickness of the hat. They are initially yellow-brown, in older mushrooms they are olive-ocher-brown. The tube mouths (pores) are relatively small (barely 1 mm) and round in shape, but can also be extended radially. They are often covered with milky guttation droplets that later dry out and then take on a brownish color.
The spore powder is olive-brown.
The stem is almost cylindrical in shape, usually thickened in the lower half, and is rarely thinner. It has a yellow basic color and is covered with glandular points. These are whitish when young, later cream to brown or purple-brown to almost blackish. Young specimens also have guttation drops in the upper stem area. One ring is missing. The basal mycelium is fluffy pink in color.
The meat is saffron yellow; at the tip of the stem it is tinted more lemon yellow, at the lower end of the stem it has a reddish-brown color. It has a soft, slightly firmer consistency in the stem. The meat tastes mild, but a bit sour and smells faintly like fruit or almonds.
The meat reacts with potassium hydroxide light purple. Sulfuric acid on the pores causes an intense yellow color.
Microscopic features
The 7.9–11.7 × 3.3–4.7 micrometers large spores are elliptical to spindle-shaped, smooth and light brownish. The basidia are 4-spore and measure 25–35 × 5.5 × 8.0 µm. The keuligen, sometimes spindled Zystiden are 45-80 microns long and 6.5 to 14 microns wide. Mostly they have a leather, olive or reddish brown color. They are hyaline or encrusted brownish. They occur mainly in tufts on the pores; in the tubes they occur less often and more individually. The hat cover layer consists of 3–7 (–10) µm wide, septate and pigmented hyphae .
Species delimitation
The stone pine tubule can be distinguished from other smear tubules with glandular points on the stem mainly by the yellow to orange-brown hat, the orange to olive-brownish pores and the occurrence in stone pine. The dark forms of the ivory bolete ( S. placidus ) can be very similar - the fungus is also able to enter into a connection with this 5-needle pine species. However, it has a lighter-colored spore powder, a smooth hat and more reddish glandular points. The ringless butter mushroom ( S. collinitus ) has lighter pores and occurs only under two-needle pines.
Ecology and phenology
The stone pine tubular is strictly bound to the stone pine and occurs in both pure and mixed stands. The species is widespread in the montane to subalpine area. It colonizes bare humus soils on calcareous, but also lime-free subsoil. The mushroom is often associated with blueberries or cranberries .
The fruiting bodies are formed from July to October.
distribution
The arolla pine is mainly found in the Central Alps . Outside of this region, it can only be found very rarely in Germany and Slovakia ( High Tatras ). In the Alps, the fungus can be found up to a height of around 2,500 m above sea level . It has been found in France, Italy, Austria and Switzerland. Only a few finds come from Germany from the Bavarian Forest , the Berchtesgaden National Park and the Black Forest .
Outside of its natural range, it was found in Hungary in artificially planted Swiss stone pines.
meaning
The stone pine bolet is edible.
swell
literature
- Heinz Engel, Aurel Dermek with watercolors by Wolfgang Klofac, Erhard Ludwig, (Thomas Brückner): smear and felt tubers s. l. in Europe . The genera: Boletellus , Boletinus , Phylloporus , Suillus , Xerocomus . Verlag H. Engel, Weidhausen near Coburg 1996, ISBN 978-3-926470-08-9 (268 pages plus 58 color plates: watercolors, micro and macro photos, SEM photos).
Individual evidence
- ^ German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 303 f.
Web links
- Pietro Curti, Tomaso Lezzi: Suillus plorans (Rolland) Kuntze. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. January 3, 2004, accessed on June 24, 2012 (Italian, photos of the Zirben-Röhrling).