Shaggy man shield
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Shaggy man's shield ( Androsace villosa ) |
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The Zottige Mannsschild ( Androsace villosa ) is a species of the genus Mannsschild ( Androsace ) in the family of Primrose (Primulaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The shaggy man's shield is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 2 to 10 centimeters. It forms dense lawns. The above-ground parts of the plant are very hairy. The leaves are arranged in hemispherical rosettes. The simple leaf blades are 4 to 8 millimeters long and 1.5 to 3 millimeters wide, narrow-lanceolate to ovate with a blunt upper end. The upper side of the leaf is bare, the edge and the underside of the leaf are covered with numerous 1 to 2 millimeter long silk hairs and short glandular hairs, they are often heaped in a brush-like manner on the tip of the leaf.
Generative characteristics
On a 2 to 6 centimeter long inflorescence stem, several flowers are arranged in a compact, dold-like inflorescence . The bracts are narrow-lanceolate and longer than the flower stalks. The flowers are sessile or have a short stalk. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five hairy sepals are fused up to half of their length. The crown has a diameter of 6 to 10 millimeters, is white or reddish in color and has a yellow-red throat.
The flowering period extends from June to July.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.
Occurrence
The shaggy man's shield occurs in Spain, the Pyrenees , the western and southeastern Alps , in the Swiss Jura , in the Apennines , in the Carpathians and in the Balkans . This species grows on limestone in stony lawns, on rubble and on rock in the subalpine and alpine altitudes at altitudes of 1200 to 3000 meters. The shaggy man's shield is rare in Central Europe and is absent in some areas.
ecology
The shaggy man's shield is a rosette plant of stony limestone grasslands of the subalpine and alpine level of the Alps, Balkan countries and Asia Minor.
In the Alps and Carpathians it is found in the plant-sociological order Selseritalia variae (blue grass heap). In the Dinarides in the vicarious orders Seslerialia juncifoliae and Crepdtealia dinaricae and in the Serbian and Bulgarian mountains in the order Edraiantho-Seslerietalia. The shaggy man's shield is a helophyte that is well adapted to physiological and physical drought.
Forage plant of Polymommatus pyrenaicus (syn. Agriades pyrenaicus ) and the closely related Polyommatus dardanus (syn. Agriades dardanus ) are flat rock meadows with the shaggy man's shield larval habitats of the butterfly species.
Systematics
Androsace villosa was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Androsace villosa L. are: Androsace arachnoidea Schott, Nyman & Kotschy , Androsace koso-poljanskii Ovcz. , Androsace penicillata Schott, Nyman & Kotschy , Androsace taurica Ovcz. , Androsace villosa subsp. arachnoidea (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman .
Depending on the author, there are subspecies of Androsace villosa :
- Androsace villosa L. subsp. villosa
- Androsace villosa subsp. koso-poljanskii (Ovcz.) Fed. : It occurs in Russia and Ukraine .
- Androsace villosa subsp. taurica (Ovcz.) Fed. : It is endemic to the Crimea .
literature
- Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). New edited edition. Mosaik, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10558-1 .
- Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 3 : Evening primrose plants to reddish plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
Individual evidence
- ^ Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica. Flora of Switzerland. Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna, 1996, ISBN 3-258-05405-3 , p. 444.
- ^ Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). New edited edition. Mosaik, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10558-1 .
- ↑ Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 3 : Evening primrose plants to reddish plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
- ↑ a b c d Karol Marhold, 2011: Primulaceae. : Datasheet Androsace villosa In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011 .
Web links
- Androsace villosa L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 16, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Mannsschild data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).
- Data sheet distributed in France by Tela Botanica .