Cyclone Kenneth

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Intense tropical cyclone Kenneth
Intense Tropical Cyclone ( MFR )
Category 4 cyclone ( SSHWS )
Cyclone Kenneth in the peak intensity phase as it approached Mozambique on April 25th
Cyclone Kenneth in the peak intensity phase as it approached Mozambique on April 25th
Emergence April 21, 2019
resolution
Peak wind
speed
215  km / h (130  mph ) (10 minutes sustained)
230  km / h (145  mph ) (sustained for 1 minute)
Lowest air pressure 934  hPa ( mbar )
dead 42
Property damage Unknown
Affected
areas 		Seychelles , Northern Madagascar , Mayotte , Comoros , Mozambique , Tanzania
Season overview:
cyclone season in the Südwestindik 2018–19

Cyclone Kenneth is the most intense tropical cyclone to hit Mozambique in the recorded history of the country . The fourteenth tropical storm and record-breaking tenth tropical cyclone and tenth intense tropical cyclone of the cyclone season in the 2018-2019 Southwest Indies formed out of a vortex first mentioned by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center , Météo-France in La Réunion , on April 17, 2019 . Météo-France observed the system for the following days until it classified the system as Tropical Disturbance 14 on April 21 . The disorder was in a favorable environment north of Madagascar , which intensified into a tropical depression in the early hours of the next day . Just a few hours later, Météo-France classified the system as a moderate tropical storm, which was given the name Kenneth . The intensification set in rapidly and the storm became a severe tropical storm in the early hours of April 24 and a cyclone at noon that day. The structure of the storm enlarged, and on April 25 a tiny eye formed. On this day, Kenneth reached its greatest strength as an intense tropical cyclone with ten-minute sustained wind speeds of 215 km / h and a minimum central air pressure of 934 hPa. At this point in time, Kenneth started with a cyclical new eyewall formation and a corresponding weakening began. Still, when Kenneth hit the coast, it was the most intense storm to hit Mozambique on record. As a result of the mainland exposure, Kenneth began to lose the convective structure. After hitting the land mass, Kenneth quickly degenerated and was classified by Météo-France as a low pressure area over land. On April 26, at 12:00 a.m. local time, Météo-France issued the final warning to Kenneth.

Before the cyclone reached the coast, authorities evacuated over 30,000 northern Mozambique residents who were living in the cyclone's path.

At least 42 people died in the Comoros and Mozambique; large parts of the infrastructure in the affected area were destroyed.

Storm course

Cyclone's track

On April 17th, cyclone Kenneth started vortexing north of Madagascar. Météo-France tracked the system over the course of the next few days and, on April 21, noted a significant increase in atmospheric convection . On April 22nd at 12:00  UTC , Météo-France began issuing warnings about this system, classifying it as Tropical Incident 14 . Shortly thereafter, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) published a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA). It is mentioned here that the disturbance in a favorable environment of low vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperature ( surface-sea Temperatures; SST ) 29 to 30 ° C was. Early on April 23, the JTWC also initiated periodic warnings about the system, which it classified as Tropical Cyclone 24S . A few hours later, Météo-France upgraded the system to a tropical depression. This was under the influence of a high pressure ridge, which was located further south. The RSMC upgraded the Depression to a moderate tropical storm at 12:00 UTC and assigned it the name Kenneth . Météo-France also found that the temperature of the cloud peaks had fallen to −90 ° C and that the organization of the system had improved overall.

Shortly thereafter, it intensified rapidly, and the JTWC found that an eye was beginning to form. At around 00:00 UTC on April 24, Météo-France upgraded Kenneth to a severe tropical storm. The JTWC classified the storm a few hours later as cyclone equivalent to a Category 1 hurricane . At 12:00 UTC, Météo-France upgraded Kenneth to the record-breaking tenth tropical cyclone of the 2018-2019 cyclone season. At this point the eye was trying to form within the storm's central dense overcast and the wind shear was slowly decreasing. By 6:00 p.m. UTC, Kenneth had intensified into the equivalent of a severe Category 3 hurricane. At that time, the reported Hahaya International Airport of Comoros winds of 36 kt. Kenneth was currently about 55 km further north. Six hours later, Météo-France upgraded Kenneth to an intense tropical cyclone. The storm had a very cold convection ring, and the core of the storm had become more compact.

On April 25th at 06:00 UTC, Kenneth reached peak intensity with continuous ten-minute wind speeds of 215 km / h and a minimum air pressure of 934  hPa . The narrow eye was surrounded by strong convection and the storm entered a cyclical eyewall renewal. Meanwhile, the JTWC had concluded that Kenneth had peaked as a Category 4 cyclone, with sustained one-minute winds of 230 km / h. At this point, Kenneth began to weaken because of the new eyewall formation on the one hand and the approach to the mainland coast on the other. Later that day, at 18:15 UTC, Kenneth hit directly north of Pemba as an intense tropical cyclone with one-minute sustained winds of 220 km / h, equivalent to a Category 4 hurricane, over land. This made Kenneth the strongest tropical cyclone in the written history of Mozambique. In addition, it was only the second time in the country's history that three cyclones have hit the coast of the country in the same cyclone season as a cyclone or intense cyclone.

After the landfall, Kenneth was reclassified as overland depression . Initially, after ten minutes of wind, Kenneth reached 155 km / h, which corresponds to a Category 2 hurricane, but the intensity of the storm quickly decreased the further it moved inland. Shortly thereafter, the JTWC issued its final warning to Kenneth because the central convection had shrunk a lot and only a small portion of it was over land. Although the area was still favorable for a tropical storm, Kenneth continued to weaken due to the effects of the mainland, and Météo-France issued its final warning on Kenneth at 00:00 UTC on April 26. In it, the RSMC reported ten-minute wind speeds of 65 km / h for Kenneth, whose center was about 110 km from the coast in the interior of Mozambique.

Effects

At least four people were killed in the Comoros as a result of the cyclone, around 63 percent of the expected harvest was destroyed and over 1,000 people became homeless. In the Mozambican province of Cabo Delgado , more than 35,000 houses were completely or partially destroyed, and according to the Mozambican government, more than 160,000 people are affected. Large parts of the infrastructure in the area were destroyed. The island of Matemo was devastated; There was also severe damage on the holiday island of Ibo .

At least 38 people were killed, the damage is said to be “in the billions”. The United Nations and the European Union provided a total of $ 14.5 million in emergency aid. The first cases of cholera occurred a few days after the cyclone had passed through .

A two-day international donor conference began on May 31, 2019. Mozambique estimated the damage from cyclones Idai and Kenneth at a total of 3.2 billion US dollars. By the time of the conference, international aid had reached around a third of the aid promised. Aid of 1.2 billion US dollars was pledged at the conference.

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b c Brandon Miller: Cyclone Kenneth: Thousands evacuated as Mozambique is hit with the strongest storm in its history ( English ) Cable News Network. April 25, 2019. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
  2. ^ A b Tens of thousands evacuated as Cyclone Kenneth hits Mozambique (en) , Al-Jazeera News. April 25, 2019. Retrieved April 26, 2019. 
  3. ↑ Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean ( en , PDF) Meteo France La Reunion. April 17, 2019. Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved on April 27, 2019.
  4. ↑ Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean ( English , PDF) Meteo France La Reunion. April 21, 2019. Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved on April 27, 2019.
  5. ^ Tropical Disturbance 14: Warning Number 1 ( English , PDF) Meteo France la Reunion. April 22, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 27, 2019.
  6. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center: Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 91S) ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 22, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 27, 2019.
  7. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center: Tropical Cyclone 24S (Twentyfour) Warning 001 ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 23, 2019. Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved on April 27, 2019.
  8. ^ Tropical Depression 14: Warning Number 3 ( English , PDF) Meteo France la Reunion. April 23, 2019. Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved on April 27, 2019.
  9. ↑ Moderate Tropical Storm 14 (Kenneth): Warning 4 ( English , PDF) Meteo France la Reunion. April 23, 2019. Archived from the original on April 23, 2019. Retrieved on April 28, 2019.
  10. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center: Tropical Cyclone 24S (Kenneth) Warning 004 ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 23, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 28, 2019.
  11. ↑ Severe Tropical Storm 14 (Kenneth): Warning 6 ( English , PDF) April 24, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 28, 2019.
  12. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center: Tropical Cyclone 24S (Kenneth) Warning 005 ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 24, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 28, 2019.
  13. ^ Tropical Cyclone 14 (Kenneth): Warning 8 ( English , PDF) Meteo France la Reunion. April 24, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 28, 2019.
  14. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center: Tropical Cyclone 24S (Kenneth) Warning 008 ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 24, 2019. Archived from the original on April 24, 2019. Retrieved on April 28, 2019.
  15. ↑ Intense Tropical Cyclone 14 (Kenneth): Warning 10 ( English , PDF) Meteo France la Reunion. April 25, 2019. Archived from the original on April 25, 2019. Retrieved on April 25, 2019.
  16. ↑ Intense Tropical Cyclone 14 (Kenneth): Warning 11 ( English , PDF) Meteo France la Reunion. April 25, 2019. Archived from the original on April 25, 2019. Retrieved on April 29, 2019.
  17. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center: Tropical Cyclone 24S (Kenneth) Warning 010 ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 25, 2019. Archived from the original on April 25, 2019. Retrieved on April 29, 2019.
  18. ↑ Jonathan Belles: Tropical Cyclone Kenneth to Bring Feet of Rain, Damaging Winds to Mozambique Weeks After Idai Brings Humanitarian Crisis ( English ) The Weather Company. April 24, 2019. Retrieved April 29, 2019.
  19. ↑ Dépression sur terre 14 (Kenneth): Bulletin 13 ( French , PDF) April 25, 2019. Archived from the original on April 26, 2019. Retrieved on April 30, 2019.
  20. ^ Tropical Cyclone 24S (Kenneth) Warning 012 ( English ) Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. April 25, 2019. Archived from the original on April 26, 2019. Retrieved on April 30, 2019.
  21. ↑ Overland Depression 14 (Ex-Kenneth): Warning 14 ( English , PDF) April 26, 2019. Archived from the original on April 26, 2019. Retrieved on April 30, 2019.
  22. ↑ Cyclone death toll jumps; Comoros struggles to restore power. latimes.com, April 29, 2019, accessed May 2, 2019
  23. ↑ “Not a single house is standing.” Zeit Online from April 28, 2019, accessed on April 29, 2019
  24. ↑ Cyclone Kenneth claims more and more victims in Mozambique. standard.de from May 1, 2019, accessed on May 1, 2019
  25. ^ Adrian Kriesch: From the holiday island to the battlefield - the island of Ibo after cyclone Kenneth. dw.com on May 3, 2019, accessed on May 3, 2019
  26. ↑ Mozambique: Cyclone Kenneth kills dozens. Spiegel Online from April 29, 2019, accessed on April 29, 2019
  27. ↑ Another cyclone in Mozambique - at least 38 dead from Kenneth. ostsee-zeitung.de from April 29, 2019, accessed on April 30, 2019
  28. ↑ Mozambique: New Cholera Cases after Cyclone Kenneth. nzz.ch of May 2, 2019, accessed on May 2, 2019
  29. ^ Mozambique after cyclones: Inadequate funds for reconstruction. deutschlandfunk.de from May 30, 2019 (archive version)
  30. ↑ International partners pledge $ 1.2 billion to help cyclone hit Mozambique recover, 'build back better'. UN News of June 2, 2019, accessed on July 12, 2019

Web links

Commons : Zyklon Kenneth  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files