Météo-France

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FranceFrance Météo-France
- METEO-FRANCE -
State level National
Position of the authority Meteorological service
legal form Public administration office
Supervisory authority (s) Ministry of Environment (France)
Consist since 1878 (1993)
Arose from Direction de la Météorologie nationale
Headquarters Saint-Mandé
Authority management Jean-Marc Lacave
Employee 3100
Website meteofrance.com (weather information)
meteofrance.fr (information on the institution)

Météo-France is the French state weather service . Predecessor organizations existed since 1855. The headquarters was for a long time in Paris, but has since been moved to Saint-Mandé in the Val-de-Marne department ; Even before the move, many of the domestic departments had been relocated to Toulouse .

tasks

Organization that monitors the area on behalf of WMO
Tropical Cyclone Programs
pool Responsible RSMCs * and TCWCs **
North Atlantic National Hurricane Center * (USA)
Eastern North Pacific National Hurricane Center * (USA)
Central North Pacific Central Pacific Hurricane Center * (USA)
Western North Pacific Japan Meteorological Agency *
South and
Southwest Pacific		 Fiji Meteorological Service *
Meteorological Service of New Zealand **
Papua New Guinea National Weather Service **
Bureau of Meteorology ** (Australia)
Northern Ind India Meteorological Department *
Southwest Indic Météo-France La Réunion *
Southeast Indic Bureau of Meteorology ** (Australia)
Meteorology and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia **

At the national level

Météo-France's tasks include developing and operating a network of weather stations, recording and archiving weather data, general weather forecasting, long-term climate studies, issuing severe weather warnings and research in the fields of meteorology and climate research .

According to its own information, Météo-France essentially serves three classes of clients:

Supranational missions

The branch in Saint-Denis on Réunion is the Center météorologique régional spécialisé established by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for the monitoring, forecasting and alerting of tropical cyclones in the south-western Indian Ocean .

The branch at Cayenne- Rochambeau airport in French Guiana is responsible for predicting the meteorologically optimal launch time for the rockets at the Kourou spaceport as part of the activities of the European Space Agency .

The office in Papeete , although not an official warning center for tropical cyclones, has been commissioned by the WMO to prepare weather reports for the neighboring British Pitcairn Islands .

organization

Météo-France is an institution under public law (French: Établissement public à caractère administratif ) and is subordinate to the French Ministry of the Environment .

In 2016, Météo-France had a budget of 379 million euros and around 3,100 employees. In 2016, around 50% (EUR 190 million) of the financial resources came from direct grants from the French state, 15% (EUR 57 million) from subsidies from EUMETSAT , 23% (EUR 86 million) from aviation license fees, and 9 % (EUR 33 million) from services and other sales proceeds. In 2009 there were still 3700 employees; the budget at that time was around 300 million euros. In March 2018 it was announced that around 500 more jobs would be cut by 2022, and most of the smaller locations were expected to close in the medium term.Template: future / in 3 years

Météo-France had its headquarters in Paris at 1 quai Branly in the 7th arrondissement until about 2010 , but relocated it to the banlieue in Saint-Mandé in the course of the sale of the property by the French state and the subsequent demolition Val-de-Marne department . There has also been an important branch in Toulouse since 1982 , where around a third of the workforce was employed in the early 2000s. There are also offices in the capital of each department including the overseas territories of Guadeloupe , Martinique , French Guiana , New Caledonia , French Polynesia and Réunion .

history

Headquarters in Paris 2013, shortly before the demolition

The first regular meteorological service in France was set up in 1855 at the Observatoire de Paris . In 1878 its own central météorologique (BCM) was created. After several military weather services had been founded during the First World War , these were merged with the BCM and the aviation weather services in 1920 to form the successor organization Office National Météorologique (ONM). In 1922, the radio station on the Eiffel Tower announced for the first time weather reports on the radio . Another major development of the ONM was the radiosonde invented by Robert Bureau (1892-1965) in Trappes in 1929 . Regular measurements with radiosondes were carried out from 1937 onwards from Fort de Saint-Cyr and from the research ship Carimaré . In 1930, the ONM's weather forecast data helped aviation pioneers Dieudonné Costes and Maurice Bellonte on their first non-stop flight from Paris to New York.

The ONM was replaced in 1945 by the Direction de la Météorologie nationale . Between 1948 and 1950 service buildings were built in the 7th arrondissement of Paris on the corner of Quai Branly and Avenue Rapp (Place de la Résistance) . In 1946 the weather forecast was presented on television for the first time. The first French weather radar was installed in Trappes in 1949 . 1950–51 the first meteorological measurement campaign took place in Antarctica , in Port-Martin in Adélieland . In 1960 a computer was used for the first time to calculate the weather forecast; From 1968 onwards, a CDC 6400 electronic computer was used routinely for this purpose on a daily basis. In 1975 the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts was founded with France as a member in Reading, UK.

In 1982 the training facility École nationale de la météorologie and the research center Center national de recherches météorologiques were relocated from Paris to Toulouse, and in 1991 the central departments for weather forecasting, climatology and IT.

Météo-France was founded as the successor to the Direction de la Météorologie nationale by decree of June 18, 1993. The background to the reform was the endeavor to force and simplify the commercial marketing of the weather forecast products of the state weather service.

The properties of the headquarters in the 7th district of Paris were sold in 2010 under President Nicolas Sarkozy to Russia , which built the Trinity Cathedral there from 2013 . Météo-France moved its headquarters to the Banlieue in Saint-Mandé in the Val-de-Marne department .

Notation

The original name of the organization is Météo-France , with the usual French spelling with accents and capital letters. Some Météo-France publications use capital letters and dispense with accents. Both versions are internationally protected as trademarks and as a company . In some unofficial documents, but also in the official logo, the hyphen is omitted.

International memberships

Météo-France is a member

Web links

Commons : Météo-France  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Annual Report 2016 (PDF) Météo-France, August 2017, accessed on July 22, 2018 (French, annual report).
  2. ↑ Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory , Hurricane Research Division: Frequently Asked Questions: What regions around the globe have tropical cyclones and who is responsible for forecasting there? . NOAA . Retrieved May 31, 2008.
  3. ↑ a b Qui sommes nous? Météo-France en bref. In: meteofrance.fr. Météo-France, accessed on July 22, 2018 (French).
  4. ↑ Qui sommes-nous? Météo-France, archived from the original on March 6, 2009 ; Accessed on July 22, 2018 : “Météo-France, établissement public administratif placé sous la tutelle du ministre de l'Ecologie, de l'Energie, du Développement durable et de l'Aménagement du territoire, emploie 3 700 salariés. A structure constante, son budget s'est élevé en 2007 à 302.23 millions d'euros, provenant pour 54.6% de subsidies de l'Etat, pour 26.2% des redevances aéronautiques et pour 15.7% de ses recettes commerciales, the ensemble étant complété par des financements extérieurs. "
  5. ^ Côté emploi, les prévisions ne sont pas au beau fixe chez Météo France. In: 20minutes.fr . March 13, 2018, accessed on July 23, 2018 (French).
  6. ↑ a b c Le siège de Météo France transformé en église russe. In: lemonde.fr . February 9, 2010, accessed July 22, 2018 (French).
  7. ↑ a b c d Notre histoire. Météo-France, accessed July 22, 2018 (French, History of the French Meteorological Service).
  8. ^ Wording of the decree at legifrance.gouv.fr.
  9. ↑ Michaela Wiegel: Saint Vladimir on the Seine. In: faz.net . October 11, 2016, accessed July 22, 2018 .