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{{short description|American composer and musician (1922-2019)}}
{{short description|American composer and musician (1922-2019)}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2016}}

{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Gershon Kingsley
| name = Gershon Kingsley
| image =
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| image_size =
| image_size =
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| birth_name = Götz Gustav Ksinski
| birth_name = Götz Gustav Ksinski
| alias =
| alias = Gershon Kingsley
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|10|28}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|10|28}}
| birth_place = [[Bochum]], [[Weimar Republic]]
| birth_place = [[Bochum]], [[Weimar Republic]]
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}}
}}


'''Gershon Kingsley''' (born '''Götz Gustav Ksinski'''; October 28, 1922&nbsp;– December 10, 2019) was a contemporary German-American composer,<ref name="reuters1">{{cite news|last=Graham |first=Dave |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63I3UW20100419 |title=Pop pioneer hails Germany despite Holocaust misery |publisher=Reuters |access-date=March 24, 2017 |date=April 19, 2010}}</ref> a pioneer of [[electronic music]] and the [[Moog synthesizer]], a partner in the electronic music duo [[Perrey and Kingsley]], founder of the First Moog Quartet, and writer of rock-inspired compositions for Jewish religious ceremonies.<ref>{{cite news|last=Caramanica |first=Jon |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/21/arts/music/21cara.html |title=Funny, It Doesn't Sound Jewish – New York Times |work=The New York Times |date=August 21, 2005 |access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref> Kingsley is most famous for his 1969 influential electronic instrumental composition "[[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]".<ref name="reuters1" />
'''Gershon Kingsley''' (born '''Götz Gustav Ksinski'''; October 28, 1922&nbsp;– December 10, 2019) was a German-American composer,<ref name="reuters1">{{cite news|last=Graham |first=Dave |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63I3UW20100419 |title=Pop pioneer hails Germany despite Holocaust misery |publisher=Reuters |access-date=March 24, 2017 |date=April 19, 2010}}</ref> a pioneer of [[electronic music]] and the [[Moog synthesizer]], a partner in the electronic music duo [[Perrey and Kingsley]], founder of the First Moog Quartet, and writer of rock-inspired compositions for Jewish religious ceremonies.<ref>{{cite news|last=Caramanica |first=Jon |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/21/arts/music/21cara.html |title=Funny, It Doesn't Sound Jewish – New York Times |work=The New York Times |date=August 21, 2005 |access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref> Kingsley is most famous for his 1969 influential electronic instrumental composition "[[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]".<ref name="reuters1" />


Kingsley conducted and arranged many Broadway musicals,<ref>{{cite web|author=The Broadway League |url=http://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=95953 |title=The official source for Broadway Information |publisher=IBDB |access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref> and composed for film, television shows<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0455521/|title=Gershon Kingsley|work=IMDb}}</ref> and commercials.<ref name="commercials">{{cite web|url=http://www.gershonkingsley.com/Film_Vid.html |title=Film Video TV |publisher=Gershonkingsley.com |access-date=October 18, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821070417/http://www.gershonkingsley.com/Film_Vid.html |archive-date=August 21, 2014 |df=mdy }}</ref> His compositions were eclectic and vary between [[Avant-garde music|avant-garde]] and [[Pop music|pop]] styles. Kingsley also composed classical chamber works, and his opera ''Raoul'' was premiered in [[Bremen]], Germany in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.operacompetition.hu/english.asp?id=33 |title=Raoul |publisher=Operacompetition.hu |date=May 9, 2008 |access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref> His work was recognized with a [[Tony Award]] nomination for Best Conductor and Musical Director,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/tonyawardssearch.cfm?year=1959&cat=Best+Conductor+and+Musical+Director|title=Tony Awards Database 1959|website=www.broadwayworld.com|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> two [[Clio Awards]] for his work in advertising music, and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the [[Bob Moog Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weimprovise.com/index.php?section=news&entry=3356|title=Moog Music Announces "The Bob" Award Winners|last=Rodrigues|first=J.|website=WeImprovise!|language=en|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> Kingsley died on December 10, 2019 at the age of 97 in [[Manhattan, New York]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Newman |first1=Melinda |title=Gershon Kingsley, Moog Synthesizer Pioneer, Dies at 97 |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/obituary/8546355/gershon-kingsley-dead |website=Billboard |access-date=15 December 2019}}</ref><ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/15/obituaries/gershon-kingsley-dead.html/|title=Gershon Kingsley, Master of Electronic Sounds, Dies at 97|first=Jon|last=Pareles|date=December 15, 2019|access-date=December 28, 2019|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref>
Kingsley conducted and arranged many Broadway musicals,<ref>{{cite web|author=The Broadway League |url=http://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=95953 |title=The official source for Broadway Information |publisher=IBDB |access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref> and he composed for film, television shows<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0455521/|title=Gershon Kingsley|work=IMDb}}</ref> and commercials.<ref name="commercials">{{cite web|url=http://www.gershonkingsley.com/Film_Vid.html |title=Film Video TV |publisher=Gershonkingsley.com |access-date=October 18, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821070417/http://www.gershonkingsley.com/Film_Vid.html |archive-date=August 21, 2014 |df=mdy }}</ref> His compositions were eclectic and vary between [[Avant-garde music|avant-garde]] and [[Pop music|pop]] styles. Kingsley also composed classical chamber works, and his opera ''Raoul'' was premiered in [[Bremen]], Germany in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.operacompetition.hu/english.asp?id=33 |title=Raoul |publisher=Operacompetition.hu |date=May 9, 2008 |access-date=October 18, 2011}}</ref> His work was recognized with a [[Tony Award]] nomination for Best Conductor and Musical Director,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/tonyawardssearch.cfm?year=1959&cat=Best+Conductor+and+Musical+Director|title=Tony Awards Database 1959|website=www.broadwayworld.com|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> two [[Clio Awards]] for his work in advertising music, and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the [[Bob Moog Foundation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://weimprovise.com/index.php?section=news&entry=3356|title=Moog Music Announces "The Bob" Award Winners|last=Rodrigues|first=J.|website=WeImprovise!|language=en|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> Kingsley died on December 10, 2019, at the age of 97 in [[Manhattan, New York]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Newman |first1=Melinda |title=Gershon Kingsley, Moog Synthesizer Pioneer, Dies at 97 |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/obituary/8546355/gershon-kingsley-dead |magazine=Billboard |access-date=15 December 2019}}</ref><ref name="nytimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/15/obituaries/gershon-kingsley-dead.html/|title=Gershon Kingsley, Master of Electronic Sounds, Dies at 97|first=Jon|last=Pareles|date=December 15, 2019|access-date=December 28, 2019|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==

=== Early life ===
=== Early life ===

Kingsley was born '''Götz Gustav Ksinski''' in 1922 in [[Bochum]], [[Weimar Republic]], the son of Marie Christina, a homemaker, and Max Ksinski, a carpet dealer and pianist. His father was born Jewish and his mother, originally Catholic, [[Conversion to Judaism|converted to Judaism]].<ref name="nytimes" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Gershon Kingsley|url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/artist/gershon-kingsley/id28739340}}</ref> He grew up in [[Berlin]] where his parents ran a large carpet shop. They had originally met in [[Essen]], when his father, returning from Berlin on a business trip, had dropped in to a wine bar managed by two sisters, one of whom soon became Kingsley's mother. The elder Ksinski had spent the evening playing the piano in the bar, after which romance quickly blossomed.<ref name=GKlautDLFKul>{{cite web|url= http://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/sound-pionier-ein-revolutionaer-der-musikgeschichte.1079.de.html?dram:article_id=273584|title=Ein Revolutionär der Musikgeschichte&nbsp;... Gustav Ksinski komponierte den ersten Welthit des Elektro-Pop|author=Tobias Feld |date=3 January 2014| publisher= Deutschlandradio Köln (Deutschlandfunk Kultur)|access-date=24 December 2017}}</ref>
Kingsley was born '''Götz Gustav Ksinski''' in 1922 in [[Bochum]], [[Weimar Republic]], the son of Marie Christina, a homemaker, and Max Ksinski, a carpet dealer and pianist. His father was born Jewish and his mother, originally Catholic, [[Conversion to Judaism|converted to Judaism]].<ref name="nytimes" /> He grew up in [[Berlin]] where his parents ran a large carpet shop. They had originally met in [[Essen]], when his father, returning from Berlin on a business trip, had dropped in to a wine bar managed by two sisters, one of whom soon became Kingsley's mother. The elder Ksinski had spent the evening playing the piano in the bar, after which romance quickly blossomed.<ref name=GKlautDLFKul>{{cite web|url= http://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/sound-pionier-ein-revolutionaer-der-musikgeschichte.1079.de.html?dram:article_id=273584|title=Ein Revolutionär der Musikgeschichte&nbsp;... Gustav Ksinski komponierte den ersten Welthit des Elektro-Pop|author=Tobias Feld |date=3 January 2014| publisher= Deutschlandradio Köln (Deutschlandfunk Kultur)|access-date=24 December 2017}}</ref>


{{Quote box|bgcolor=#FFDEAD|align=right|width=45%|In 1938, while his parents and brother made their way to [[Cuba]] and, ultimately, the United States, Kingsley traveled via [[Genoa]] to Palestine and joined a [[kibbutz]]:
{{Quote box|bgcolor=#FFDEAD|align=right|width=45%|In 1938, while his parents and brother made their way to [[Cuba]] and, ultimately, the United States, Kingsley traveled via [[Genoa]] to Palestine and joined a [[kibbutz]]:
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{{Quote | style=font-size-100% | We were all very happy in the kibbutz. We were in Palestine. It was such a great experience to be sort of in our own country (''"... quasi in unserem eigenen Land zu sein"''). In the mornings we worked in the fields, and in the afternoons we attended classes on farming. Half of us were boys, the other half girls. We talked, we danced, we were in love: we were free and the Nazis were far away. It was like an oasis. It was such a wonderful wonderful wonderful time.}}|source= —Gershon Kingsley, ''quoted in 2014 by Tobias Feld''<ref name=GKlautDLFKul />}}
{{Quote | style=font-size-100% | We were all very happy in the kibbutz. We were in Palestine. It was such a great experience to be sort of in our own country (''"... quasi in unserem eigenen Land zu sein"''). In the mornings we worked in the fields, and in the afternoons we attended classes on farming. Half of us were boys, the other half girls. We talked, we danced, we were in love: we were free and the Nazis were far away. It was like an oasis. It was such a wonderful wonderful wonderful time.}}|source= —Gershon Kingsley, ''quoted in 2014 by Tobias Feld''<ref name=GKlautDLFKul />}}


As his father was Jewish, he fled [[Nazi Germany]] in 1938 to settle in [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]]-[[Land of Israel]] where the 15-year-old, self-taught musician began his career in music.<ref name="GKlautDLFKul" />, a few days before [[Kristallnacht]] and joined [[kibbutz]] [[Ein Harod]], [[Mandatory Palestine]], while his parents stayed behind at that time. At the kibbutz he taught himself to play the piano. He joined the [[Hagana]] [[Jewish Settlement Police]] ([[Notrim]]) and also played jazz in [[Tel Aviv]] and [[Jerusalem]]. He studied at the Jerusalem conservatory of music. His parents and brother had escaped to [[Cuba]], from where, eventually, they succeeded in obtaining visas for the United States,<ref name=GKlautDLFKul /> where Kingsley met up with them eight years later. <ref name="reuters1" /> After World War II, Kingsley emigrated to America where he became a pit conductor for [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] musical shows after graduating from the [[California Institute of the Arts|Los Angeles Conservatory of Music]].
As his father was Jewish, he fled [[Nazi Germany]] in 1938 to settle in [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]] where the 15-year-old, self-taught musician began his career in music.<ref name="GKlautDLFKul" /> He escaped Germany a few days before [[Kristallnacht]] and joined [[kibbutz]] [[Ein Harod]], [[Mandatory Palestine]], while his parents stayed behind at that time. At the kibbutz he taught himself to play the piano. He joined the [[Hagana]] [[Jewish Settlement Police]] ([[Notrim]]) and also played jazz in [[Tel Aviv]] and [[Jerusalem]]. He studied at the Jerusalem conservatory of music. His parents and brother had escaped to [[Cuba]], from where, eventually, they succeeded in obtaining visas for the United States,<ref name=GKlautDLFKul /> where Kingsley met up with them eight years later.<ref name="reuters1" /> After World War II, Kingsley emigrated to America where he became a pit conductor for [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] musical shows in 1946 after graduating from the [[California Institute of the Arts|Los Angeles Conservatory of Music]] and adopted the pseudonym ''Gershon'' in tribute to the son of [[Moses]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Synth pioneer and maker of 'Popcorn', Gershon Kingsley, dies age 97 |journal=[[DJ Mag]] |date=16 December 2019 |url=https://djmag.com/news/synth-pioneer-and-maker-%E2%80%98popcorn%E2%80%99-gershon-kingsley-dies-age-97 |access-date=5 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="nytimes" />


=== Musical career ===
=== Musical career ===
In 1964, Kingsley worked as an arranger at [[Vanguard Records]],<ref name="spaceagepop.com" /> and in 1965, after ceasing to be a colleague of the avant-garde composer [[John Cage]] he met and formed a duet known as [[Perrey and Kingsley]] with the French musician [[Jean-Jacques Perrey]], they released two albums:''The In Sound from Way Out!'' in 1966 and ''Kaleidoscopic Vibrations'' in 1967, and subsequently went their separate ways.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jean-Jacques Perrey: Elektronik-Pionier stirbt mit 87 Jahren |url=https://www.spiegel.de/kultur/musik/jean-jacques-perrey-elektronik-pionier-stirbt-mit-87-jahren-a-1119967.html |access-date=13 August 2022 |work=Der Spiegel |date=6 November 2016 |language=de}}</ref> A song written by Kingsley and Perrey, "[[Baroque Hoedown]]" (from their 1967 album) was used by [[The Walt Disney Company|Walt Disney Productions]] for the [[Main Street Electrical Parade]] theme parks; and the song "The Savers", best known as the theme for the game show ''[[The Joker's Wild]]'' from 1972 to 1975 would go on to fame in 1968 as the [[Clio Award]]-winning music for a television advertising for No-Cal diet drinks.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Joker's Wild |website=classicthemes.com |url=https://classicthemes.com/50sTVThemes/themePages/jokersWild.html |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="spaceagepop.com">{{cite web |title=Gershon Kingsley |website=www.spaceagepop.com |url=http://www.spaceagepop.com/kingsley.htm |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref>
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Kingsley's career as a pop musician took off with the release of ''[[The In Sound from Way Out! (Perrey and Kingsley album)|The In Sound from Way Out!]]'' album in 1966, which he recorded with [[Jean-Jacques Perrey]]. The [[Perrey and Kingsley]] duo went on to record ''[[Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Electronic Pop Music from Way Out]]'', released the next year, and subsequently went their separate ways. Kingsley then pursued a solo career recording ''[[Music to Moog By]]'', released in 1969, a classic Moog album consisting mainly of cover songs, originally by [[The Beatles]], [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]], and [[Simon and Garfunkel]], but there also was original material, like his best known composition, ''[[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]'', which became his "signature song". His next musical effort was with a band called [[First Moog Quartet]] in 1970: As the result of a request by famous [[impresario]] [[Sol Hurok]] to hear the [[Moog synthesizer]]'s capabilities demonstrated live. Other group members included Howard Salat, [[Stan Free]], Eric W. Knight, and [[Ken Bichel]]. On January 30, 1970, the group became the first to ever play [[electronic music]] in [[Carnegie Hall]]. With [[Robert Moog]] present, they were accompanied by several other musicians and four singers.<ref>[http://www.kingsleysound.com/FMQ1.html Kingsley Sound]. Site includes some multimedia archives.</ref> While reactions were mixed,<ref name=ks-carneg>{{cite web|title=REVIEWS OF THE FIRST MOOG QUARTET AT CARNEGIE HALL JANUARY 30, 1970|url=http://www.kingsleysound.com/Carnegie.html|publisher=Kingsley Sound|access-date=28 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020613154341/http://www.kingsleysound.com/Carnegie.html|archive-date=13 June 2002}}</ref> immediate results included a university tour, and some interesting collaborative works with the [[Boston Pops Orchestra]].


Embarking upon a solo career, Kingsley, in 1969, released on [[Audio Fidelity Records]], the album ''Music to Moog By'', an album consisting of covers of popular songs, some of which were by [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] and [[The Beatles]] as [[Für Elise]], [[Nowhere Man (song)|Nowhere Man]] and [[Paperback Writer]], while others were traditional like the British ballad [[Scarborough Fair (ballad)|Scarborough Fair]]. ''Music to Moog By'' also contains original works such as "Hey, Hey" co-written by Eileen Davies and sampled years later by RJD2 on the song "The Horror".<ref>{{cite web |title=Gershon Kingsley "Music To Moog By" (Audio Fidelity, 1969) |url=https://jivetimerecords.com/2018/07/gershon-kingsley-music-to-moog-by-audio-fidelity-1969/ |website=Jive Time Records |access-date=15 May 2022 |date=31 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Kreps |first1=Daniel |title=Gershon Kingsley, Electronic Music Pioneer, Dead at 97 |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/gershon-kingsley-moog-popcorn-dead-927382/ |access-date=15 May 2022 |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=15 December 2019}}</ref> Another of his original tracks is "[[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]", his signature song.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Verbist |first1=Audrey |title=Le mois d’août 2022 dans la ziquemachine à remonter le temps |url=https://www.lavenir.net/culture/musique/2022/08/01/le-mois-daout-2022-dans-la-ziquemachine-a-remonter-le-temps-JXV24QRXHZFMRN5N4LWLG4CFEU/ |website=lavenir.net |access-date=13 August 2022 |language=fr}}</ref> The single released from this album was [[Nowhere Man (song)|Nowhere Man]], with Sunset Sound as the b-side.<ref>{{Citation |title=Gershon Kingsley And The Moog Synthesizer - Nowhere Man |url=https://www.45cat.com/record/af157 |access-date=2022-08-27}}</ref>
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They only recorded one 1970 album entitled ''First Moog Quartet'', on [[Audio Fidelity Records]], which consisted of live recordings from his nationwide tour featuring four Moog synthesizers. Some of these compositions are more experimental, featuring [[spoken word]] and [[beat poetry]] backed by synthetic noises and tones. Kingsley then moved beyond the Moog, and later pioneered the use of the earliest [[Fairlight CMI|Fairlight]] and [[Synclavier]] digital synthesizers.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} And at least one 45 rpm single. [[Arthur Fiedler]] asked Kingsley to write a ''Concerto for Moog''; the quartet performed the work, scored for synthesizer quartet and symphony orchestra, with the Boston Pops in 1971.<ref>[http://www.spaceagepop.com/kingsley.htm Space Age Pop, ''Gershon Kingsley''.]</ref>


⚫
His next musical effort was with a band called [[First Moog Quartet]] in 1970: As the result of a request by famous [[impresario]] [[Sol Hurok]] to hear the [[Moog synthesizer]]'s capabilities demonstrated live. Other group members included Howard Salat, [[Stan Free]], Eric W. Knight, and [[Ken Bichel]]. On January 30, 1970, the group became the first to ever play [[electronic music]] in [[Carnegie Hall]]. With [[Robert Moog]] present, they were accompanied by several other musicians and four singers.<ref>[http://www.kingsleysound.com/FMQ1.html Kingsley Sound]. Site includes some multimedia archives.</ref> While reactions were mixed,<ref name=ks-carneg>{{cite web|title=REVIEWS OF THE FIRST MOOG QUARTET AT CARNEGIE HALL JANUARY 30, 1970|url=http://www.kingsleysound.com/Carnegie.html|publisher=Kingsley Sound|access-date=28 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020613154341/http://www.kingsleysound.com/Carnegie.html|archive-date=13 June 2002}}</ref> immediate results included a university tour and some interesting collaborative works with the [[Boston Pops Orchestra]].
==== Baroque Hoedown & The Savers ====
Gershon Kingsley with Perrey is also credited with composing the song "[[Baroque Hoedown]]", released in their 1967 album, used by [[The Walt Disney Company|Walt Disney Productions]] for the [[Main Street Electrical Parade]] at its theme parks; and the song "The Savers", best known as the theme for the game show ''[[The Joker's Wild]]'' from 1972 to 1975 would go on to fame in 1968 as the [[Clio Award]]-winning music for a television ad for No-Cal diet drinks. <ref>{{cite journal |title=The Joker's Wild |journal=classicthemes.com |url=https://classicthemes.com/50sTVThemes/themePages/jokersWild.html |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{cite journal |title=Gershon Kingsley |journal=www.spaceagepop.com |url=http://www.spaceagepop.com/kingsley.htm |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref> He also wrote the logo sting (animated logo accompanied with music) for [[WGBH-TV]] in Boston, that appears throughout the United States on [[PBS]] programming produced by the station.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Northrop |first1=Daphne |title=GBH’s Iconic “Sting” Gets A Facelift |url=https://www.wgbh.org/foundation/gbhs-iconic-sting |website=WGBH |access-date=6 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>


⚫
They only recorded one 1970 album entitled ''First Moog Quartet'', on [[Audio Fidelity Records]], which consisted of live recordings from his nationwide tour featuring four Moog synthesizers. Some of these compositions are more experimental, featuring [[spoken word]] and [[beat poetry]] backed by synthetic noises and tones. Kingsley then moved beyond the Moog, and later pioneered the use of the earliest [[Fairlight CMI|Fairlight]] and [[Synclavier]] digital synthesizers.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} And at least one 45 rpm single. [[Arthur Fiedler]] asked Kingsley to write a ''Concerto for Moog''; the quartet performed the work, scored for synthesizer quartet and symphony orchestra, with the Boston Pops in 1971.<ref>[http://www.spaceagepop.com/kingsley.htm Space Age Pop, ''Gershon Kingsley''.]</ref> He also wrote the logo sting (animated logo accompanied with music) for [[WGBH-TV]] in Boston, that appears throughout the United States on [[PBS]] programming produced by the station.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Northrop |first1=Daphne |title=GBH's Iconic "Sting" Gets A Facelift |url=https://www.wgbh.org/foundation/gbhs-iconic-sting |website=WGBH |access-date=6 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
==== "Popcorn" ====
{{Main Article|Popcorn (song)}}
Many artists have covered his song "[[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]", including; The Popcorn Makers, [[Hot Butter]], [[Anarchic System]], La Strana Società, [[Los Pekenikes]], [[Jean-Michel Jarre]], (1972) [[Jiri Korn]], [[Klaus Wunderlich]], (1973) [[Vyacheslav Mescherin|Vyacheslav Mescherin's Orchestra]], (1979) M&H Band, (1988) Slotmachine & Gemini 7, [[Aphex Twin]], (1992) [[Gigi D'Agostino]], (1994) [[The Boomtang Boys]], (1999) [[Marsheaux]], (2003) [[Crazy Frog]], [[Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass]], [[Messer Chups]], (2005) [[Muse (band)|Muse]], ,[[The Muppets]] (2010) and others.


== Discography ==
The song was used in the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] animated series ''[[Well, Just You Wait!|Nu, pogodi!]]''. <ref name='"Popcorn" used in soviet program Well, Just You Wait! "Nu pogodi".'>{{cite news |author1=Ben Jolley |title=Synth pioneer and maker of "Popcorn", Gershon Kingsley, dies age 97 |url=https://djmag.com/news/synth-pioneer-and-maker-%E2%80%98popcorn%E2%80%99-gershon-kingsley-dies-age-97 |access-date=29 January 2021 |agency=djmag |date=16 Dec 2019 |location=UK |page=djmag.com}}</ref> the [[Japan|Japanese]] release of [[Pengo (video game)|Pengo]] used an [[8-bit (music)|8-bit]] interpretation of this Gershon Kingsley's track.<ref name="Popcorn's cover in the video game Pengo">{{cite journal |title=Las conversiones de Pengo |date=25 Nov 2019 |page=xtremeretro.com |url=https://xtremeretro.com/las-conversiones-de-pengo/ |access-date=29 January 2021 |trans-title=Pengo conversions}}</ref> in early 2019, year of death Gershon Kingsley the experimental composer Blanck Mass chose "Popcorn" as one of the 10 most influential compositions of his career. <ref name='"Popcorn" used in soviet program Well, Just You Wait! "Nu pogodi".' /> Also particularly interesting is the cover version of the Italian pop group [[La Strana Società]] from 1972, whose ensemble back then included [[Umberto Tozzi]], who was still unknown at the time, but which would later achieve world fame with hits such as "[[Gloria (Umberto Tozzi song)|Gloria]]",<ref>{{YouTube|KTM_qG_NPC8|Video of Tozzi singing his original "Gloria"}}</ref> "[[Tu (Umberto Tozzi song)|Tu]]" and "[[Ti Amo]]".


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* 1960: ''Love and Laughter'' (with Davey Karr & [[Betty Walker]])
== Partial discography ==
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* 1962: ''Helen Jacobson Presents Fly Blackbird Original Cast Album'' (with Clarence Bernard Jackson)
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* 1960 ''Love and Laughter'' (with Davey Karr & [[Betty Walker]])
* 1963: ''Shoshana!'' (as conductor)
* 1960 ''[[Ernest in Love]] (Original Off-Broadway Cast)'' arranger and orchestrator
⚫
* 1964: ''Mozart After Hours'' (as conductor, arranger, harpsichordist) (with [[Maureen Forrester]] & [[Wiener Akademie Kammerchor]])
* 1962 ''[[Fly Blackbird!]] Original Cast Album'' conductor, arranger
* 1964: ''[[Jan Peerce]] on 2nd Avenue'' (as conductor, arranger)
⚫
* 1962 ''Helen Jacobson Presents Fly Blackbird Original Cast Album'' (with Clarence Bernard Jackson)
* 1963 ''Shoshana!'' conductor
* 1965: ''Fleury&nbsp;— The Isles of Greece'' (as arranger, conductor)
* 1964 ''The Cradle Will Rock'' musical director, pianist
* 1966: ''The In Sound from Way Out!'' (with Perrey)
* 1966: ''New Songs of the Auvergne&nbsp;— [[Netania Davrath]]'' (as orchestrator)
⚫
* 1964 ''Mozart After Hours'' conductor, arranger, harpsichordist (with [[Maureen Forrester]] & [[Wiener Akademie Kammerchor]])
* 1964 ''[[Jan Peerce]] on 2nd Avenue'' conductor, arranger
* 1966: ''Jan Peerce&nbsp;— Art of the Cantor'' (as conductor, arranger)
⚫
* 1967: ''[[Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Electronic Pop Music from Way Out]]'' (with Perrey)
* 1965 ''Fleury&nbsp;— The Isles of Greece'' arranger, conductor
⚫
* 1968: ''Shabbat '68''
* 1966 ''[[The In Sound from Way Out! (Perrey and Kingsley album)|The In Sound from Way Out!]]''
* 1966 ''New Songs of the Auvergne&nbsp;— [[Netania Davrath]]'' orchestrator
* 1968: ''The New Exciting Voice of Sol Zimel&nbsp;— Favorite Jewish Melodies'' (as arranger, conductor)
* 1966 ''Jan Peerce&nbsp;— Art of the Cantor'' conductor, arranger
* 1969: ''Jan Peerce Neapolitan Serenade''
* 1969: ''Music to Moog By (also a single from this album [[Nowhere Man (song)|Nowhere Man]] b/w Sunset Sound)''
⚫
* 1967 ''[[Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Electronic Pop Music from Way Out]]''
* 1968 ''Shabbat '68''
* 1970: ''First Moog Quartet''
* 1968 ''The New Exciting Voice of Sol Zimel&nbsp;— Favorite Jewish Melodies'' arranger, conductor
* 1969 ''Jan Peerce Neapolitan Serenade''
* 1969 ''[[Music to Moog By]]'' with the original version of Popcorn
⚫
* 1969 ''Shabbat for Today''
* 1970 ''First Moog Quartet''
* 1970: ''Gershwin (Alive & Well & Underground)''
* 1970: ''Gershwin (Alive & Well & Underground)''
⚫
* 1971: ''[[Greta Keller]] Sings Love Is A Daydream And Other Songs By Yulya''
* 1970 ''Gershwin Alive & Well & Underground''
⚫
* 1971: ''Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Spotlight on the Moog'' (re-release of 1967 Kaleidoscopic Vibrations album under other name)
⚫
* 1971 ''[[Greta Keller]] Sings Love Is A Daydream And Other Songs By Yulya''
* 1972: ''Popcorn'' (with his band [[First Moog Quartet]])
⚫
* 1971 ''[[Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Spotlight on the Moog]] (Re-release of 1967 Kaleidoscopic Vibrations album under a new name)
* 1971 ''Sabbath for Today''
* 1973: ''The Best Of The Moog''
⚫
* 1974: ''The 5th Cup Featuring [[Theodore Bikel]]''
* 1972 ''First Moog Quartet&nbsp;— Popcorn''
* 1975: ''Incredible Synthesizer''
⚫
* 1974 ''The 5th Cup Featuring [[Theodore Bikel]]''
⚫
* 1975: ''The Essential Perrey & Kingsley''
⚫
* 1980 ''[[Julia Migenes]] Latin Lady'' (producer, conductor, arranger)
* 1982 ''Julia Migenes-Johnson Sings Gershwin'' (conductor, arranger)
* 1980: ''[[Julia Migenes]] Latin Lady'' (as producer, conductor, arranger)
⚫
* 1982: ''Julia Migenes-Johnson Sings Gershwin'' (as conductor, arranger)
* 1986 ''Much Silence''
* 1987 ''Das Schönste Von Julia Migenes''
* 1986: ''Much Silence''
* 1987: ''Das Schönste Von Julia Migenes''
* 1989 ''Cruisers 1.0''
* 1989: ''Cruisers 1.0''
* 1990 ''Anima''
* 1990: ''Anima''
* 2001: ''The Out Sound from Way In! The Complete Vanguard Recordings''
⚫
* 1991 ''The Essential Perrey and Kingsley''
* 2005 ''Voices from the Shadow''
* 2005: ''Voices from the Shadow''
* 2006 ''God Is a Moog''
* 2006: ''God Is a Moog''
* 2007 ''Vanguard Visionaries: Perrey and Kingsley''
* 2007: ''Vanguard Visionaries: Perrey & Kingsley''
* 2012: ''The Electronic Pop Songs''
* 2009 ''[[Silent Night, Bloody Night]]'' (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
* 2012: ''Space Age Computer Music''

== Filmography ==


== Film scores ==
* 1969 ''[[Sam's Song]]''
* 1969 ''[[Sam's Song]]''
* 1970 ''[[The Dreamer (1970 film)|The Dreamer]]'' (''Ha-Timhoni'')
* 1970 ''[[The Dreamer (1970 film)|The Dreamer]]'' (''Ha-Timhoni'')
* 1972 ''[[Silent Night, Bloody Night]]''
* 1972 ''[[Silent Night, Bloody Night]]''
* 1973 ''[[Sugar Cookies (film)|Sugar Cookies]]'' <ref>{{cite journal |title=Tags: Perrey And Kingsley {{!}} Dangerous Minds |journal=dangerousminds.net |url=https://dangerousminds.net/tag/Perrey-and-Kingsley |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>
* 1973 ''[[Sugar Cookies (film)|Sugar Cookies]]''<ref>{{cite journal |title=Tags: Perrey And Kingsley {{!}} Dangerous Minds |website=dangerousminds.net |url=https://dangerousminds.net/tag/Perrey-and-Kingsley |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>

⚫
=== Broadway productions ===


⚫
== Broadway productions ==
* ''[[The Entertainer (play)|The Entertainer]]'' musical director (February 12, 1958&nbsp;– May 10, 1958)
* ''[[The Entertainer (play)|The Entertainer]]'' musical director (February 12, 1958&nbsp;– May 10, 1958)
* ''[[La Plume de Ma Tante]]'' musical director (November 11, 1958&nbsp;– December 17, 1960)
* ''[[La Plume de Ma Tante]]'' musical director (November 11, 1958&nbsp;– December 17, 1960)
Line 102: Line 102:
* ''[[I'm Solomon]]'' vocal arranger, musical director (April 23, 1968&nbsp;– April 27, 1968)
* ''[[I'm Solomon]]'' vocal arranger, musical director (April 23, 1968&nbsp;– April 27, 1968)


== Off-Broadway productions ==
=== Off-Broadway productions ===

* ''[[Ernest in Love]]'' arranger (opened May 4, 1960)
* ''[[Ernest in Love]]'' arranger (opened May 4, 1960)
* ''[[Fly Blackbird!]]'' arranger, musical director (opened February 2, 1962)
* ''[[Fly Blackbird!]]'' arranger, musical director (opened February 2, 1962)
Line 111: Line 112:
* ''Great Scot!'' additional musical arrangements, musical director (opened November 10, 1965)
* ''Great Scot!'' additional musical arrangements, musical director (opened November 10, 1965)
* ''Hooray! It's a Glorious Day&nbsp;... and all that'' orchestrator (opened March 3, 1966)
* ''Hooray! It's a Glorious Day&nbsp;... and all that'' orchestrator (opened March 3, 1966)

=== Singles ===
* ''Shabbat For Today'' (Country: [[U.S.A.]]) (Date: 1968 & 1971)
* ''The Sound of the City'' (Country: [[U.S.A.]]) (1971)


== See also ==
== See also ==

* [[Jean-Jacques Perrey]]
* [[Jean-Jacques Perrey]]
* [[Popcorn (song)|Popcorn]]
* [[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]
* [[Baroque Hoedown]]
* [[Baroque Hoedown]]


Line 131: Line 129:
* {{YouTube|dZWfywvuHt0|Kingsley performs "Popcorn" on an acoustic piano}}
* {{YouTube|dZWfywvuHt0|Kingsley performs "Popcorn" on an acoustic piano}}
* [http://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2007/03/79_versions_of_.html Seventy-nine different versions of ''Popcorn'' at WFMU's ''Beware of the Blog]
* [http://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2007/03/79_versions_of_.html Seventy-nine different versions of ''Popcorn'' at WFMU's ''Beware of the Blog]
*[https://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/gershon-kingsley NAMM Oral History Interview] September 14, 2005
* [https://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/gershon-kingsley Gershon Kingsley Interview] at [[NAMM Oral History Program]] (2005)

{{Electronic music}}
{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kingsley, Gershon}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kingsley, Gershon}}

[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
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[[Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States]]
[[Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States]]
[[Category:People from Bochum]]
[[Category:People from Bochum]]
[[Category:Electronic musicians]]
[[Category:21st-century American Jews]]

Revision as of 09:49, 30 March 2024

Gershon Kingsley
Birth nameGötz Gustav Ksinski
Also known asGershon Kingsley
Born(1922-10-28)October 28, 1922
Bochum, Weimar Republic
DiedDecember 10, 2019(2019-12-10) (aged 97)
Manhattan, New York, U.S.
GenresElectronic, classical, pop, sacred, crossover
Occupation(s)Composer, arranger, keyboardist, conductor
Instrument(s)Synthesizer, piano
Years active1954–2019
WebsiteOfficial website Edit this at Wikidata

Gershon Kingsley (born Götz Gustav Ksinski; October 28, 1922 – December 10, 2019) was a German-American composer,[1] a pioneer of electronic music and the Moog synthesizer, a partner in the electronic music duo Perrey and Kingsley, founder of the First Moog Quartet, and writer of rock-inspired compositions for Jewish religious ceremonies.[2] Kingsley is most famous for his 1969 influential electronic instrumental composition "Popcorn".[1]

Kingsley conducted and arranged many Broadway musicals,[3] and he composed for film, television shows[4] and commercials.[5] His compositions were eclectic and vary between avant-garde and pop styles. Kingsley also composed classical chamber works, and his opera Raoul was premiered in Bremen, Germany in 2008.[6] His work was recognized with a Tony Award nomination for Best Conductor and Musical Director,[7] two Clio Awards for his work in advertising music, and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Bob Moog Foundation.[8] Kingsley died on December 10, 2019, at the age of 97 in Manhattan, New York.[9][10]

Biography

Early life

Kingsley was born Götz Gustav Ksinski in 1922 in Bochum, Weimar Republic, the son of Marie Christina, a homemaker, and Max Ksinski, a carpet dealer and pianist. His father was born Jewish and his mother, originally Catholic, converted to Judaism.[10] He grew up in Berlin where his parents ran a large carpet shop. They had originally met in Essen, when his father, returning from Berlin on a business trip, had dropped in to a wine bar managed by two sisters, one of whom soon became Kingsley's mother. The elder Ksinski had spent the evening playing the piano in the bar, after which romance quickly blossomed.[11]

In 1938, while his parents and brother made their way to Cuba and, ultimately, the United States, Kingsley traveled via Genoa to Palestine and joined a kibbutz:

We were all very happy in the kibbutz. We were in Palestine. It was such a great experience to be sort of in our own country ("... quasi in unserem eigenen Land zu sein"). In the mornings we worked in the fields, and in the afternoons we attended classes on farming. Half of us were boys, the other half girls. We talked, we danced, we were in love: we were free and the Nazis were far away. It was like an oasis. It was such a wonderful wonderful wonderful time.

—Gershon Kingsley, quoted in 2014 by Tobias Feld[11]

As his father was Jewish, he fled Nazi Germany in 1938 to settle in Palestine where the 15-year-old, self-taught musician began his career in music.[11] He escaped Germany a few days before Kristallnacht and joined kibbutz Ein Harod, Mandatory Palestine, while his parents stayed behind at that time. At the kibbutz he taught himself to play the piano. He joined the Hagana Jewish Settlement Police (Notrim) and also played jazz in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. He studied at the Jerusalem conservatory of music. His parents and brother had escaped to Cuba, from where, eventually, they succeeded in obtaining visas for the United States,[11] where Kingsley met up with them eight years later.[1] After World War II, Kingsley emigrated to America where he became a pit conductor for Broadway musical shows in 1946 after graduating from the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music and adopted the pseudonym Gershon in tribute to the son of Moses.[12][10]

Musical career

In 1964, Kingsley worked as an arranger at Vanguard Records,[13] and in 1965, after ceasing to be a colleague of the avant-garde composer John Cage he met and formed a duet known as Perrey and Kingsley with the French musician Jean-Jacques Perrey, they released two albums:The In Sound from Way Out! in 1966 and Kaleidoscopic Vibrations in 1967, and subsequently went their separate ways.[14] A song written by Kingsley and Perrey, "Baroque Hoedown" (from their 1967 album) was used by Walt Disney Productions for the Main Street Electrical Parade theme parks; and the song "The Savers", best known as the theme for the game show The Joker's Wild from 1972 to 1975 would go on to fame in 1968 as the Clio Award-winning music for a television advertising for No-Cal diet drinks.[15][13]

Embarking upon a solo career, Kingsley, in 1969, released on Audio Fidelity Records, the album Music to Moog By, an album consisting of covers of popular songs, some of which were by Ludwig van Beethoven and The Beatles as Für Elise, Nowhere Man and Paperback Writer, while others were traditional like the British ballad Scarborough Fair. Music to Moog By also contains original works such as "Hey, Hey" co-written by Eileen Davies and sampled years later by RJD2 on the song "The Horror".[16][17] Another of his original tracks is "Popcorn", his signature song.[18] The single released from this album was Nowhere Man, with Sunset Sound as the b-side.[19]

His next musical effort was with a band called First Moog Quartet in 1970: As the result of a request by famous impresario Sol Hurok to hear the Moog synthesizer's capabilities demonstrated live. Other group members included Howard Salat, Stan Free, Eric W. Knight, and Ken Bichel. On January 30, 1970, the group became the first to ever play electronic music in Carnegie Hall. With Robert Moog present, they were accompanied by several other musicians and four singers.[20] While reactions were mixed,[21] immediate results included a university tour and some interesting collaborative works with the Boston Pops Orchestra.

They only recorded one 1970 album entitled First Moog Quartet, on Audio Fidelity Records, which consisted of live recordings from his nationwide tour featuring four Moog synthesizers. Some of these compositions are more experimental, featuring spoken word and beat poetry backed by synthetic noises and tones. Kingsley then moved beyond the Moog, and later pioneered the use of the earliest Fairlight and Synclavier digital synthesizers.[citation needed] And at least one 45 rpm single. Arthur Fiedler asked Kingsley to write a Concerto for Moog; the quartet performed the work, scored for synthesizer quartet and symphony orchestra, with the Boston Pops in 1971.[22] He also wrote the logo sting (animated logo accompanied with music) for WGBH-TV in Boston, that appears throughout the United States on PBS programming produced by the station.[23]

Discography

  • 1960: Love and Laughter (with Davey Karr & Betty Walker)
  • 1962: Helen Jacobson Presents Fly Blackbird Original Cast Album (with Clarence Bernard Jackson)
  • 1963: Shoshana! (as conductor)
  • 1964: Mozart After Hours (as conductor, arranger, harpsichordist) (with Maureen Forrester & Wiener Akademie Kammerchor)
  • 1964: Jan Peerce on 2nd Avenue (as conductor, arranger)
  • 1965: Fleury — The Isles of Greece (as arranger, conductor)
  • 1966: The In Sound from Way Out! (with Perrey)
  • 1966: New Songs of the Auvergne — Netania Davrath (as orchestrator)
  • 1966: Jan Peerce — Art of the Cantor (as conductor, arranger)
  • 1967: Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Electronic Pop Music from Way Out (with Perrey)
  • 1968: Shabbat '68
  • 1968: The New Exciting Voice of Sol Zimel — Favorite Jewish Melodies (as arranger, conductor)
  • 1969: Jan Peerce Neapolitan Serenade
  • 1969: Music to Moog By (also a single from this album Nowhere Man b/w Sunset Sound)
  • 1970: First Moog Quartet
  • 1970: Gershwin (Alive & Well & Underground)
  • 1971: Greta Keller Sings Love Is A Daydream And Other Songs By Yulya
  • 1971: Kaleidoscopic Vibrations: Spotlight on the Moog (re-release of 1967 Kaleidoscopic Vibrations album under other name)
  • 1972: Popcorn (with his band First Moog Quartet)
  • 1973: The Best Of The Moog
  • 1974: The 5th Cup Featuring Theodore Bikel
  • 1975: Incredible Synthesizer
  • 1975: The Essential Perrey & Kingsley
  • 1980: Julia Migenes Latin Lady (as producer, conductor, arranger)
  • 1982: Julia Migenes-Johnson Sings Gershwin (as conductor, arranger)
  • 1986: Much Silence
  • 1987: Das Schönste Von Julia Migenes
  • 1989: Cruisers 1.0
  • 1990: Anima
  • 2001: The Out Sound from Way In! The Complete Vanguard Recordings
  • 2005: Voices from the Shadow
  • 2006: God Is a Moog
  • 2007: Vanguard Visionaries: Perrey & Kingsley
  • 2012: The Electronic Pop Songs
  • 2012: Space Age Computer Music

Filmography

Broadway productions

  • The Entertainer musical director (February 12, 1958 – May 10, 1958)
  • La Plume de Ma Tante musical director (November 11, 1958 – December 17, 1960)
  • Vintage '60 arranger, musical director (September 12, 1960 – September 17, 1960)
  • Josephine Baker musical director (February 4, 1964 – February 16, 1964)
  • Cafe Crown vocal arranger, musical director (April 17, 1964 – April 18, 1964)
  • I'm Solomon vocal arranger, musical director (April 23, 1968 – April 27, 1968)

Off-Broadway productions

  • Ernest in Love arranger (opened May 4, 1960)
  • Fly Blackbird! arranger, musical director (opened February 2, 1962)
  • King of the Whole Damn World arranger (opened April 14, 1962)
  • Put it in Writing arranger, pianist (opened May 13, 1963)
  • The Cradle Will Rock musical director, Clerk (opened November 8, 1964)
  • Hotel Passionato orchestrator, musical director (opened October 22, 1965)
  • Great Scot! additional musical arrangements, musical director (opened November 10, 1965)
  • Hooray! It's a Glorious Day ... and all that orchestrator (opened March 3, 1966)

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Graham, Dave (April 19, 2010). "Pop pioneer hails Germany despite Holocaust misery". Reuters. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  2. ^ Caramanica, Jon (August 21, 2005). "Funny, It Doesn't Sound Jewish – New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  3. ^ The Broadway League. "The official source for Broadway Information". IBDB. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  4. ^ "Gershon Kingsley". IMDb.
  5. ^ "Film Video TV". Gershonkingsley.com. Archived from the original on August 21, 2014. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  6. ^ "Raoul". Operacompetition.hu. May 9, 2008. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  7. ^ "Tony Awards Database 1959". www.broadwayworld.com. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
  8. ^ Rodrigues, J. "Moog Music Announces "The Bob" Award Winners". WeImprovise!. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
  9. ^ Newman, Melinda. "Gershon Kingsley, Moog Synthesizer Pioneer, Dies at 97". Billboard. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  10. ^ a b c Pareles, Jon (December 15, 2019). "Gershon Kingsley, Master of Electronic Sounds, Dies at 97". The New York Times. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
  11. ^ a b c d Tobias Feld (January 3, 2014). "Ein Revolutionär der Musikgeschichte ... Gustav Ksinski komponierte den ersten Welthit des Elektro-Pop". Deutschlandradio Köln (Deutschlandfunk Kultur). Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  12. ^ "Synth pioneer and maker of 'Popcorn', Gershon Kingsley, dies age 97". DJ Mag. December 16, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  13. ^ a b "Gershon Kingsley". www.spaceagepop.com. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  14. ^ "Jean-Jacques Perrey: Elektronik-Pionier stirbt mit 87 Jahren". Der Spiegel (in German). November 6, 2016. Retrieved August 13, 2022.
  15. ^ "The Joker's Wild". classicthemes.com. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  16. ^ "Gershon Kingsley "Music To Moog By" (Audio Fidelity, 1969)". Jive Time Records. July 31, 2018. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  17. ^ Kreps, Daniel (December 15, 2019). "Gershon Kingsley, Electronic Music Pioneer, Dead at 97". Rolling Stone. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  18. ^ Verbist, Audrey. "Le mois d'août 2022 dans la ziquemachine à remonter le temps". lavenir.net (in French). Retrieved August 13, 2022.
  19. ^ Gershon Kingsley And The Moog Synthesizer - Nowhere Man, retrieved August 27, 2022
  20. ^ Kingsley Sound. Site includes some multimedia archives.
  21. ^ "REVIEWS OF THE FIRST MOOG QUARTET AT CARNEGIE HALL JANUARY 30, 1970". Kingsley Sound. Archived from the original on June 13, 2002. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
  22. ^ Space Age Pop, Gershon Kingsley.
  23. ^ Northrop, Daphne. "GBH's Iconic "Sting" Gets A Facelift". WGBH. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  24. ^ "Tags: Perrey And Kingsley | Dangerous Minds". dangerousminds.net. Retrieved February 7, 2021.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gershon_Kingsley&oldid=1216314962"