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|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|genus = '''''Flaveria'''''
|genus = '''''Flaveria'''''
|genus_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] 1789 not J.F. Gmel. 1792<ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Flaveria&commonname= Tropicos search for ''Flaveria'']</ref>
|genus_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] 1789 not [[J.F.Gmel.]] 1792<ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Flaveria&commonname= Tropicos search for ''Flaveria'']</ref>
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=c/>
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=c/>
|synonyms=
|synonyms=
* ''[[Dilepis]]'' <small>Suess. & Merxm.</small>
*''Dilepis'' <small>Suess. & Merxm.</small>
* ''[[Vermifuga]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
*''Vermifuga'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
* ''[[Nauenburgia]]'' <small>Willd.</small>
*''Nauenburgia'' <small>Willd.</small>
* ''Brotera'' <small>Spreng. 1801 illegitimate homonym not Cav. 1799 ([[Malvaceae]])</small>
*''Brotera'' <small>Spreng. 1801 illegitimate homonym not Cav. 1799 ([[Malvaceae]])</small>
|tribus=[[Tageteae]]<ref name=c/>
|tribus=[[Tageteae]]<ref name=c/>
|}}
|}}
'''''Flaveria''''' is a genus of plants in the [[Asteraceae|marigold family]].<ref>[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5437418#page/281/mode/1up Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 186–187] in Latin</ref><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40009769 Tropicos, ''Flaveria'' Juss.]</ref> They are sometimes called '''yellowtops'''. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in [[Pseudanthium|heads]], with zero, one, or two [[Asteraceae#Flowers|ray florets]] in each head.<ref name=FNA/> These plants are found in the [[Americas]], [[Asia]], [[Africa]], and [[Australia]].<ref name=FNA>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112857 Floira of North America Vol. 21 Page 247 ''Flaveria'' Jussieu]</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=112857 Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 855 <big>黄顶菊属</big> huang ding ju shu ''Flaveria'' Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 186. 1789. ]</ref>
'''''Flaveria''''' is a genus of plants in the [[Asteraceae|marigold family]].<ref>[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5437418#page/281/mode/1up Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 186–187] in Latin</ref><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40009769 Tropicos, ''Flaveria'' Juss.]</ref> They are sometimes called '''yellowtops'''. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in [[Pseudanthium|heads]], with zero, one, or two [[Asteraceae#Flowers|ray florets]] in each head.<ref name=FNA/> These plants are found in the [[Americas]], [[Asia]], [[Africa]], and [[Australia]].<ref name=FNA>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112857 Floira of North America Vol. 21 Page 247 ''Flaveria'' Jussieu]</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=112857 Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 855 <big>黄顶菊属</big> huang ding ju shu ''Flaveria'' Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 186. 1789. ]</ref>


Some members of this genus exhibit [[C3 carbon fixation]], while others are [[C4 carbon fixation|C4 plants]] and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, this genus has been included in studies on the evolution of photosynthesis. A monograph<ref>A.M. Powell. 1978. Systematics of ''Flaveria'' (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 590–636</ref> is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the ''Flaveria'' species to date. A recent phylogenetic study<ref>McKown et al. 2005. Phylogeny of ''Flaveria'' (Asteraceae) and inference of C4 photosynthesis evolution in American Journal of Botany)</ref> clarifies many of the evolutionary relationships between ''Flaveria'' species.
Some members of this genus exhibit [[C3 carbon fixation|C<sub>3</sub> plants]], while others are [[C4 carbon fixation|C<small>4</small> plants]] and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, this genus has been included in studies on the evolution of photosynthesis. A monograph<ref>A.M. Powell. 1978. Systematics of ''Flaveria'' (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 590–636</ref> is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the ''Flaveria'' species to date. A recent phylogenetic study<ref>McKown et al. 2005. Phylogeny of ''Flaveria'' (Asteraceae) and inference of C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis evolution in American Journal of Botany)</ref> clarifies many of the evolutionary relationships between ''Flaveria'' species.


;Species<ref name=c>[http://dixon.iplantcollaborative.org/CompositaeWeb/default.aspx?Page=NameDetails&TabNum=0&NameId=48a97d36-d6a5-4883-8ab6-de776cc451e7 Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist ]</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Flaveria Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps]</ref>
;Species<ref name=c>[http://dixon.iplantcollaborative.org/CompositaeWeb/default.aspx?Page=NameDetails&TabNum=0&NameId=48a97d36-d6a5-4883-8ab6-de776cc451e7 Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist ]</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Flaveria Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps]</ref><ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Flaveria The Plant List search for ''Flaveria''] </ref>
# ''[[Flaveria angustifolia]]'' - [[Mexico]] ([[Oaxaca]], [[Puebla]], [[Guerrero]])
#''[[Flaveria angustifolia]]'' - [[Mexico]] ([[Oaxaca]], [[Puebla]], [[Guerrero]])
# ''[[Flaveria anomala]]'' - [[Mexico]] ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Nuevo León]], [[Durango]], [[Zacatecas]])
#''[[Flaveria anomala]]'' - [[Mexico]] ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Nuevo León]], [[Durango]], [[Zacatecas]])
# ''[[Flaveria australasica]]'' - speedyweed - [[Australia]]
#''[[Flaveria australasica]]'' - speedyweed - [[Australia]]
# ''[[Flaveria bidentis]]'' - coastal plain yellowtops - [[South America]], [[Galápagos]], [[West Indies]], [[USA]] ([[Florida|FL]] [[Georgia (U.S. state)|GA]] [[Alabama|AL]])
#''[[Flaveria bidentis]]'' - coastal plain yellowtops - [[South America]], [[Galápagos]], [[West Indies]], [[USA]] ([[Florida]] [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] [[Alabama]])
# ''[[Flaveria brownii]]'' - Brown's yellowtops - southern [[Texas]]
#''[[Flaveria brownii]]'' - Brown's yellowtops - southern [[Texas]]
# ''[[Flaveria campestris]]'' - alkali yellowtops - USA ([[Arizona|AZ]] [[New Mexico|NM]] [[Texas|TX]] [[Utah|UT]] [[Colorado|CO]] [[Kansas|KS]] [[Missouri|MO]] [[Indiana|IN]])
#''[[Flaveria campestris]]'' - alkali yellowtops - USA ([[Arizona]] [[New Mexico]] [[Texas]] [[Utah]] [[Colorado]] [[Kansas]] [[Missouri]] [[Indiana]])
# ''[[Flaveria chlorifolia]]'' - clasping yellowtops - [[Mexico]] ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]), USA ([[New Mexico|NM]] [[Texas|TX]] )
#''[[Flaveria chlorifolia]]'' - clasping yellowtops - [[Mexico]] ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]), [[New Mexico]] [[Texas]]
# ''[[Flaveria cronquistii]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]], [[Puebla]])
#''[[Flaveria cronquistii]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]], [[Puebla]])
# ''[[Flaveria floridana]]'' - Florida yellowtops - [[Florida]]
#''[[Flaveria floridana]]'' - Florida yellowtops - [[Florida]]
# ''[[Flaveria haumanii]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
#''[[Flaveria haumanii]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
# ''[[Flaveria intermedia]]'' - Mexico ([[Durango]])
#''[[Flaveria intermedia]]'' - Mexico ([[Durango]])
# ''[[Flaveria kochiana]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]])
#''[[Flaveria kochiana]]'' - Mexico ([[Oaxaca]])
# ''[[Flaveria linearis]]'' - narrowleaf yellowtops - [[Cuba]], [[Bahamas]], [[Florida]], [[Yucatán Peninsula]]
#''[[Flaveria linearis]]'' - narrowleaf yellowtops - [[Cuba]], [[Bahamas]], [[Florida]], [[Yucatán Peninsula]]
#''[[Flaveria maritima]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
# ''[[Flaveria oppositifolia]]'' - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]], [[Coahuila]], [[Hidalgo (state)|Hidalgo]], [[Nuevo León]], [[San Luis Potosí]]), [[USA]] ([[Texas]])
# ''[[Flaveria palmeri]]'' - Mexico ([[Coahuila]])
#''[[Flaveria mcdougallii]]'' <small>Theroux, Pinkava & D.J.Keil</small>
# ''[[Flaveria pringlei]]'' - Mexico ([[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]], [[Guerrero]])
#''[[Flaveria oppositifolia]]'' - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]], [[Coahuila]], [[Hidalgo (state)|Hidalgo]], [[Nuevo León]], [[San Luis Potosí]]), [[Texas]]
# ''[[Flaveria pubescens]]'' - Mexico ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Tamaulipas]])
#''[[Flaveria palmeri]]'' - Mexico ([[Coahuila]])
# ''[[Flaveria ramosissima]]'' - Mexico ([[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]])
#''[[Flaveria pringlei]]'' - Mexico ([[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]], [[Guerrero]])
# ''[[Flaveria robusta]]'' - Mexico ([[Colima]])
#''[[Flaveria pubescens]]'' - Mexico ([[San Luis Potosí]], [[Tamaulipas]])
# ''[[Flaveria sonorensis]]'' - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]], [[Sonora]])
#''[[Flaveria ramosissima]]'' - Mexico ([[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]])
#''[[Flaveria robusta]]'' - Mexico ([[Colima]])
⚫
# ''[[Flaveria trinervia]]'' - clustered yellowtops - [[Mexico]], [[Belize]], [[South America]], [[West Indies]], [[USA]] ([[California|CA]] [[Arizona|AZ]] [[New Mexico|NM]] [[Texas|TX]] [[Missouri|MO]] [[Florida|FL]] [[South Carolina|SC]] [[Virginia|VA]] [[Maryland|MD]] [[Massachusetts|MA]])
#''[[Flaveria sonorensis]]'' - Mexico ([[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]], [[Sonora]])
⚫
#''[[Flaveria trinervia]]'' - clustered yellowtops - [[Mexico]], [[Belize]], [[South America]], [[West Indies]], [[California]] [[Arizona]] [[New Mexico]] [[Texas]] [[Missouri]] [[Florida]] [[South Carolina]] [[Virginia]] [[Maryland]] [[Massachusetts]])
#''[[Flaveria vaginata]]'' <small>B.L.Rob. & Greenm.</small>


==References==
==References==
Line 51: Line 54:
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?609,1224 Jepson Manual Treatment]
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?609,1224 Jepson Manual Treatment]
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=FLAVE USDA Plants Profile]
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=FLAVE United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile]



[[Category:Asteraceae genera]]
[[Category:Asteraceae genera]]

Revision as of 22:39, 14 July 2015

yellowtops
Flaveria trinervia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Asterales
Family:
Asteraceae
Tribe:
Tageteae[1]
Genus:
Flaveria

Juss. 1789 not J.F.Gmel. 1792[2]
Synonyms[1]
  • Dilepis Suess. & Merxm.
  • Vermifuga Ruiz & Pav.
  • Nauenburgia Willd.
  • Brotera Spreng. 1801 illegitimate homonym not Cav. 1799 (Malvaceae)

Flaveria is a genus of plants in the marigold family.[3][4] They are sometimes called yellowtops. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in heads, with zero, one, or two ray florets in each head.[5] These plants are found in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia.[5][6]

Some members of this genus exhibit C3 plants, while others are C4 plants and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, this genus has been included in studies on the evolution of photosynthesis. A monograph[7] is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the Flaveria species to date. A recent phylogenetic study[8] clarifies many of the evolutionary relationships between Flaveria species.

Species[1][9][10]
  1. Flaveria angustifolia - Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla, Guerrero)
  2. Flaveria anomala - Mexico (San Luis Potosí, Nuevo León, Durango, Zacatecas)
  3. Flaveria australasica - speedyweed - Australia
  4. Flaveria bidentis - coastal plain yellowtops - South America, Galápagos, West Indies, USA (Florida Georgia Alabama)
  5. Flaveria brownii - Brown's yellowtops - southern Texas
  6. Flaveria campestris - alkali yellowtops - USA (Arizona New Mexico Texas Utah Colorado Kansas Missouri Indiana)
  7. Flaveria chlorifolia - clasping yellowtops - Mexico (Chihuahua), New Mexico Texas
  8. Flaveria cronquistii - Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)
  9. Flaveria floridana - Florida yellowtops - Florida
  10. Flaveria haumanii - Chile, Argentina
  11. Flaveria intermedia - Mexico (Durango)
  12. Flaveria kochiana - Mexico (Oaxaca)
  13. Flaveria linearis - narrowleaf yellowtops - Cuba, Bahamas, Florida, Yucatán Peninsula
  14. Flaveria maritima Kunth
  15. Flaveria mcdougallii Theroux, Pinkava & D.J.Keil
  16. Flaveria oppositifolia - Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí), Texas
  17. Flaveria palmeri - Mexico (Coahuila)
  18. Flaveria pringlei - Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca, Guerrero)
  19. Flaveria pubescens - Mexico (San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
  20. Flaveria ramosissima - Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca)
  21. Flaveria robusta - Mexico (Colima)
  22. Flaveria sonorensis - Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
  23. Flaveria trinervia - clustered yellowtops - Mexico, Belize, South America, West Indies, California Arizona New Mexico Texas Missouri Florida South Carolina Virginia Maryland Massachusetts)
  24. Flaveria vaginata B.L.Rob. & Greenm.

References

  1. ^ a b c Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
  2. ^ Tropicos search for Flaveria
  3. ^ Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 186–187 in Latin
  4. ^ Tropicos, Flaveria Juss.
  5. ^ a b Floira of North America Vol. 21 Page 247 Flaveria Jussieu
  6. ^ Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 855 黄顶菊属 huang ding ju shu Flaveria Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 186. 1789.
  7. ^ A.M. Powell. 1978. Systematics of Flaveria (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 590–636
  8. ^ McKown et al. 2005. Phylogeny of Flaveria (Asteraceae) and inference of C4 photosynthesis evolution in American Journal of Botany)
  9. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  10. ^ The Plant List search for Flaveria

External links

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