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| mission_type = [[Technology demonstration|Technology demonstrator]], reconnaissance
| mission_type = [[Technology demonstration|Technology demonstrator]], reconnaissance
| operator = [[Lockheed Martin Space]]
| operator = [[Lockheed Martin Space]]
| COSPAR_ID =
| COSPAR_ID = 2022-156K
| SATCAT =
| SATCAT = 57686
| website =
| website =
| mission_duration = {{time interval|16 November 2022}} (in progress)
| mission_duration = {{time interval|16 November 2022}} (in progress)
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}}
}}


'''LunIR''' is a [[Small satellite|nanosatellite]] spacecraft launched to the [[Moon]] collecting surface [[Astronomical spectroscopy|spectroscopy]] and [[Infrared spectroscopy |thermography]]. It was launched as a secondary payload on the [[Artemis 1]] mission on 16 November 2022.<ref name="reuters 1"/><ref name="sfn-20211012">{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/12/adapter-structure-with-10-cubesats-installed-on-top-of-artemis-moon-rocket/ |title=Adapter structure with 10 CubeSats installed on top of Artemis moon rocket |work=Spaceflight Now |date=12 October 2021 |access-date=22 October 2021}}</ref>
'''LunIR''' ('''Lunar InfraRed Imaging''', formerly known as '''SkyFire''') is a [[Small satellite|nanosatellite]] spacecraft launched to the [[Moon]] collecting surface [[Astronomical spectroscopy|spectroscopy]] and [[Infrared spectroscopy |thermography]]. It was launched as a secondary payload on the [[Artemis 1]] mission on 16 November 2022.<ref name="reuters 1"/><ref name="sfn-20211012">{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/12/adapter-structure-with-10-cubesats-installed-on-top-of-artemis-moon-rocket/ |title=Adapter structure with 10 CubeSats installed on top of Artemis moon rocket |work=Spaceflight Now |date=12 October 2021 |access-date=22 October 2021}}</ref>


== Mission ==
== Mission ==
LunIR is a technology demonstration mission funded by NASA that uses a low-cost 6U [[CubeSat]] spacecraft. LunIR will perform a lunar flyby, collecting spectroscopy and thermography for surface characterization, remote sensing, and site selection.<ref name="Williams2015">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/20150408-NAC-Crusan-EMC-v7a_TAGGED.pdf|title=Pioneering Space – Evolvable Mars Campaign|last=Williams|first=Greg|last2=Crusan|first2=Jason|publisher=NASA|date=April 2015|access-date=9 March 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The spacecraft includes two deployable [[Solar panels on spacecraft|solar panels]] and will have a total mass of about {{cvt|14|kg}}.
LunIR is a technology demonstration mission funded by NASA that uses a low-cost 6U [[CubeSat]] spacecraft. LunIR will perform a lunar flyby, collecting spectroscopy and thermography for surface characterization, [[remote sensing]], and site selection.<ref name="Williams2015">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/20150408-NAC-Crusan-EMC-v7a_TAGGED.pdf|title=Pioneering Space – Evolvable Mars Campaign|last=Williams|first=Greg|last2=Crusan|first2=Jason|publisher=NASA|date=April 2015|access-date=9 March 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The spacecraft includes two deployable [[Solar panels on spacecraft|solar panels]] and will have a total mass of about {{cvt|14|kg}}.


LunIR was selected in April 2015 by NASA's NextSTEP program ([[Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships]]) and awarded a contract to [[Lockheed Martin Space]] worth US$1.4 million for further development.<ref name="Morring2015">{{cite news|last=Morring|first=Frank|url=http://aviationweek.com/Habitats|title=Habitats Could Be NASA's Next Commercial Spacecraft Buy|publisher=Aviation Week|date=24 April 2015|access-date=2015-05-26}}</ref><ref name="SClark">{{cite news|last=Clark|first=Stephen|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/08/nasa-adding-to-list-of-cubesats-flying-on-first-sls-mission/|title=NASA adding to list of CubeSats flying on first SLS mission|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=8 April 2015|access-date=9 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="Gunter SkyFire">{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/skyfire.htm|title=LunIR (SkyFire)|last=Krebs|first=Gunter|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|date=18 May 2020|access-date=9 March 2021}}</ref>
LunIR was selected in April 2015 by NASA's NextSTEP program ([[Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships]]) and awarded a contract to [[Lockheed Martin Space]] worth US$1.4 million for further development.<ref name="Morring2015">{{cite news|last=Morring|first=Frank|url=http://aviationweek.com/Habitats|title=Habitats Could Be NASA's Next Commercial Spacecraft Buy|publisher=Aviation Week|date=24 April 2015|access-date=2015-05-26}}</ref><ref name="SClark">{{cite news|last=Clark|first=Stephen|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/04/08/nasa-adding-to-list-of-cubesats-flying-on-first-sls-mission/|title=NASA adding to list of CubeSats flying on first SLS mission|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=8 April 2015|access-date=9 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="Gunter SkyFire">{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/skyfire.htm|title=LunIR (SkyFire)|last=Krebs|first=Gunter|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|date=18 May 2020|access-date=9 March 2021}}</ref>


LunIR will communicate with Earth via ground stations operated by [[Kongsberg Satellite Services]]. LunIR will use 13-meter-diameter radio antennas located in [[Punta Arenas|Punta Arenas, Chile]]; [[Svalbard|Svalbard, Norway]]; and [[Troll (research station)|Troll station, Antarctica]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-10|title=KSAT to support NASA LunIR mission|url=https://spacenews.com/ksat-lunir-ground-network/|access-date=2022-02-14|website=SpaceNews|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=KSAT to provide Ground Network support for the LunIR mission|url=https://www.ksat.no/news/news-archive/2022/provide-ground-network-support-for-the-lunir-mission/|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.ksat.no|language=en}}</ref>
LunIR will communicate with Earth via ground stations operated by [[Kongsberg Satellite Services]]. LunIR will use 13-meter-diameter radio antennas located in [[Punta Arenas|Punta Arenas, Chile]]; [[Svalbard|Svalbard, Norway]]; and [[Troll (research station)|Troll station, Antarctica]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-10|title=KSAT to support NASA LunIR mission|url=https://spacenews.com/ksat-lunir-ground-network/|access-date=2022-02-14|website=SpaceNews|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=KSAT to provide Ground Network support for the LunIR mission|url=https://www.ksat.no/news/news-archive/2022/provide-ground-network-support-for-the-lunir-mission/|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.ksat.no|language=en|archive-date=14 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214235157/https://www.ksat.no/news/news-archive/2022/provide-ground-network-support-for-the-lunir-mission/|url-status=dead}}</ref>


== Launch ==
== Launch ==
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== Propulsion ==
== Propulsion ==
LunIR will demonstrate a low thrust electric propulsion technology called [[Colloid thruster|electrospray propulsion]] to lower the spacecraft's orbit for additional science and technology mission objectives.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/next-space-technologies-for-exploration-partnerships-nextstep-projects|title=Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) Projects |publisher=NASA|date=5 May 2015|access-date=9 March 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
LunIR will demonstrate a low thrust electric propulsion technology called [[Colloid thruster|electrospray propulsion]] to lower the spacecraft's orbit for additional science and technology mission objectives.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/next-space-technologies-for-exploration-partnerships-nextstep-projects|title=Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) Projects|publisher=NASA|date=5 May 2015|access-date=9 March 2021|archive-date=18 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818002418/http://www.nasa.gov/feature/next-space-technologies-for-exploration-partnerships-nextstep-projects/|url-status=dead}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
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{{Moon spacecraft}}
{{Moon spacecraft}}
{{Orbital launches in 2022}}
{{Orbital launches in 2022}}
{{2022 in space}}


[[Category:CubeSats]]
[[Category:CubeSats]]
[[Category:Missions to the Moon]]
[[Category:Missions to the Moon]]
[[Category:Proposed NASA space probes]]
[[Category:NASA space probes]]
[[Category:2022 in the United States]]
[[Category:2022 in the United States]]
[[Category:2022 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:Space probes launched in 2022]]
[[Category:Secondary payloads]]
[[Category:Secondary payloads]]
[[Category:Satellites orbiting the Moon]]

Latest revision as of 17:37, 13 April 2024

LunIR
The LunIR CubeSat, which will characterize and collect lunar surface data.
NamesSkyFire
Mission typeTechnology demonstrator, reconnaissance
OperatorLockheed Martin Space
COSPAR ID2022-156K Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.57686
Mission duration1 year, 6 months and 2 days (in progress)
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftCubeSat
Spacecraft type6U CubeSat
BusTyvak Nano-Satellite Systems
ManufacturerLockheed Martin Space
Launch mass14 kg (31 lb)
Dimensions10 cm × 20 cm × 30 cm
Start of mission
Launch date16 November 2022, 06:47:44 UTC[1]
RocketSLS Block 1
Launch siteKSC, LC-39B
ContractorNASA
Flyby of Moon
 

LunIR (Lunar InfraRed Imaging, formerly known as SkyFire) is a nanosatellite spacecraft launched to the Moon collecting surface spectroscopy and thermography. It was launched as a secondary payload on the Artemis 1 mission on 16 November 2022.[1][2]

Mission[edit]

LunIR is a technology demonstration mission funded by NASA that uses a low-cost 6U CubeSat spacecraft. LunIR will perform a lunar flyby, collecting spectroscopy and thermography for surface characterization, remote sensing, and site selection.[3] The spacecraft includes two deployable solar panels and will have a total mass of about 14 kg (31 lb).

LunIR was selected in April 2015 by NASA's NextSTEP program (Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships) and awarded a contract to Lockheed Martin Space worth US$1.4 million for further development.[4][5][6]

LunIR will communicate with Earth via ground stations operated by Kongsberg Satellite Services. LunIR will use 13-meter-diameter radio antennas located in Punta Arenas, Chile; Svalbard, Norway; and Troll station, Antarctica.[7][8]

Launch[edit]

LunIR was launched as one of ten CubeSats as a secondary payload on the maiden flight of the Space Launch System, Artemis 1.[2]

Propulsion[edit]

LunIR will demonstrate a low thrust electric propulsion technology called electrospray propulsion to lower the spacecraft's orbit for additional science and technology mission objectives.[9]

See also[edit]

The 10 CubeSats flying in the Artemis 1 mission
The three CubeSat missions removed from Artemis 1

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Roulette, Joey; Gorman, Steve (16 November 2022). "NASA's next-generation Artemis mission heads to moon on debut test flight". Reuters. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  2. ^ a b Clark, Stephen (12 October 2021). "Adapter structure with 10 CubeSats installed on top of Artemis moon rocket". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  3. ^ Williams, Greg; Crusan, Jason (April 2015). "Pioneering Space – Evolvable Mars Campaign" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 9 March 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ Morring, Frank (24 April 2015). "Habitats Could Be NASA's Next Commercial Spacecraft Buy". Aviation Week. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  5. ^ Clark, Stephen (8 April 2015). "NASA adding to list of CubeSats flying on first SLS mission". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  6. ^ Krebs, Gunter (18 May 2020). "LunIR (SkyFire)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  7. ^ "KSAT to support NASA LunIR mission". SpaceNews. 10 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  8. ^ "KSAT to provide Ground Network support for the LunIR mission". www.ksat.no. Archived from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  9. ^ "Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) Projects". NASA. 5 May 2015. Archived from the original on 18 August 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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