Émile Roux
Pierre Paul Émile Roux (born December 17, 1853 in Confolens in the Charente department , † November 3, 1933 in Paris ) was a French physician , bacteriologist and pioneer of microbiology .
Roux went to school in Aurillac and Puy. He studied medicine in Clermont-Ferrand from 1872 to 1873 , and in Paris from 1874 to 1878 .
Together with Louis Pasteur , whose student he was, Émile Roux carried out important research as an assistant on the cause of infectious diseases and the principles of vaccination . At the Pasteur Institute, which opened in 1888 , Roux gave microbiological lessons and headed the Service de Microbie Technique . As successor to Émile Duclaux , he took over the management of the institute in 1904.
Émile Roux discovered diphtheria toxin in 1889 and from 1894 developed serum therapy, particularly against diphtheria . Together with Alexandre Yersin , he demonstrated in 1888 that it is not the bacteria themselves that cause the symptoms of the plague , but the poison that is excreted by the bacteria in laboratory containers in the absence of oxygen . With Edmond Nocard , he discovered Mycoplasma mycoides , the causative agent of cattle lung disease , in 1898 , the first known mycoplasma .
honors and awards
In 1917 he was awarded the Copley Medal .
In 1899 he was elected a member of the Académie des Sciences and in 1913 a foreign member of the Royal Society . In 1925 he became an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences . In 1945 the French military hospital in Tübingen was named after him (in operation until 1982). The Cape Roux in Antarctica bears his name.
literature
- Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Roux, Pierre Paul Émile. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1271.
- A. Delaunay: Roux, Pierre Paul Émile . In: Charles Coulston Gillispie (Ed.): Dictionary of Scientific Biography . tape 11 : A. Pitcairn - B. Rush . Charles Scribner's Sons, New York 1975, p. 569 .
- Paul de Kruif : Roux and Behring . Against diphtheria! In: Paul de Kruif: Microbe hunters. (Original edition: Microbe Hunters. Harcourt, Brace & Co., New York 1926) Orell Füssli Verlag, Zurich / Leipzig 1927; 8th edition ibid 1940, pp. 175-197.
Web links
- Detailed biography in French
- Entry for Roux, Pierre Paul Emile (1853-1933) in the Archives of the Royal Society , London
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Roux, Émile |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Roux, Pierre Paul Émile (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French scientist and pioneer in the field of microbiology |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 17, 1853 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Confolens |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 3, 1933 |
| Place of death | Paris |