İETT
The İstanbul Elektrik Tramvay ve Tünel (İETT) is next to İstanbul Ulaşım , which operates the metro and light rail , and İstanbul Otobüs AŞ a local transport company in the greater Istanbul area . It operates among other buses that Metrobüslinien , trams and funiculars (see Tünel ). However, the largest capacity is taken by the regular buses. The public buses, which were painted red in the past and are now yellow, travel to all parts of the city, including the Upper Bosphorus and over the Bosphorus bridges. The main stops are in Eminönü , Taksim Square , Üsküdar and Kadıköy . With over 500 bus routes and several railways, İETT is the largest local transport company in Turkey. The Dolmuş minibuses are mainly private and therefore not operated by İETT.
history
The first public urban transport company was founded in Istanbul in 1869, and the first horse-drawn tram (Dersaadet Tramway Establishment) began operating in 1871 . In 1875 the “ Tünel ” funicular between Galata and the Tünel stop was completed. Electric trams were used from 1914, and the first buses went into operation in 1926. Trolleybuses operated from 1961 to 1984 .
On September 17, 2007, the first section (18.2 km) of the Metrobus was put into operation, and in 2008 and 2009 it was extended to a length of 41.5 km. In 2013 the route to the west is to be extended by a further 9.7 km from Avcılar to Beylikdüzü. In 2011 there were five lines on the Metrobüs route, on which over 350 large buses, including 250 Mercedes-Benz CapaCity , are in service. Three of the lines are: 34 Avcılar – Zincirlikuyu, 34A Edirnekapı – Söğütlüçeşme (transcontinental driving over the bridge) and 34T Avcılar – Topkapı. The 34 is not a random line name, but a special number for Istanbul, as it is the district number of the city (which is used for car license plates and postcodes).
In 2009 İETT had 5,740 drivers and 9,661 stops. The average age of the bus fleet was 11.6 years.
İETT vehicle fleet
| Manufacturer | Type | number |
|---|---|---|
| Icarus | 280.67 | 126 |
| Icarus | IK 161 | 6th |
| Icarus | 260.70 | 4th |
| Icarus | 260.25 | 1041 |
| MAN | SL 200 | 200 |
| MAN | SG 220 | 169 |
| MAN | SG 272 | 1 |
| Mercedes Benz | Conecto O 345 | 479 |
| Mercedes Benz | Citaro O 530 | 394 |
| Mercedes Benz | O 345 K | 85 |
| Mercedes Benz | Citaro O 530 G | 100 |
| Mercedes Benz | CapaCity | 250 |
| VDL | Phileas double articulated bus | 50 |
| DAF | Optare | 26th |
| DAF | MJT | 52 |
| VDL | Berkhof | 3 |
The IETT bus fleet had changed significantly by 2015. The vehicles are now presented in a light yellow paint job, plus numerous blue and purple-colored buses that are not in municipal ownership. As always, only the IETT buses have black license plates (official license plates). In addition to the Mercedes Capacity large-capacity articulated buses (4-axle, 250 units in total) that have been in use since 2007, modern vehicles of the types Mercedes Citaro and Conecto, Otokar Kent 290LF and Karsan Avancity in solo and articulated versions are in operation today. MAN and Ikarus buses are no longer part of the fleet. The system of company numbers (since 1993 consisting of the year of construction plus consecutive three-digit number, e.g. 93-235) has now been completely changed: all existing buses have been redrawn and now have car numbers consisting of a letter for the make and a four-digit number (e.g. M1712). Here means: M = Mercedes, O = Otokar, K = Karsan; the latter are vehicles made in Turkey of the Breda-Menarinibus make. With the commissioning of several metro lines, bus traffic has apparently decreased.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Paths to Success . In: Omnibusspiegel , Issue 12–4, pp. 10–14, 34th year, Verlag Dieter Hanke, Bonn 2012, ISSN 0724-7664
- ↑ ulasimturkiye.com , accessed June 30, 2009
- ↑ a b c d 2009 Performans Programı. (PDF) İETT İŞLETMELERİ GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ, accessed on May 1, 2009 (Turkish).
Remarks
- ↑ The IETT only operates the historic tram line (Turkish: Nostaljik Tramvay ) in Beyoğlu . The modern trams and the Kadıköy – Moda line are operated exclusively by İstanbul Ulaşım .