Jīm
| connected shapes | ||
|---|---|---|
| ـج | ـجـ | جـ |
| from the right | both sides | to the left |
Jīm ( Arabic جيم, DMG Ǧīm ) is the fifth letter of the Arabic alphabet . It emerged from the Phoenician Gimel and is thus related to the Latin C (and thus also G ), the Greek Gamma and the Hebrew Gimel . The numerical value 3 is assigned to it.
Sound value and transcription
The Dschim corresponds high Arab the ⟨ dsch ⟩ in "jungle", while in the Egyptian dialect / g / (as in "Gustav") and in the Syrian and Moroccan dialect as voiced / sch / (such ⟨ j ⟩ in "Journal" ) is spoken. While jim is a moon letter in standard Arabic , it behaves like a sun letter in Moroccan Arabic .
In the DMG inscription, Dschim is reproduced as “g” with a hatschek (ǧ). In non-academic transcription, dsch (German), dj (French) or j (English) are used.
Attention: The ǧ must not be confused with the ğ (g with Breve). This Turkish yumuşak g either remains mute, leads to the elongation of the vowel or is spoken as a sliding sound, depending on the neighboring sounds.
Graphic modifications
In order to not occur in the Scriptures Arab write "ch" sound, was in the Persian alphabet, the letter Che developed from the Dschim.
In Arabic lexicons, atlases, etc., a jim with three points instead of one can be found in rare cases. This letter is used to ensure the correct pronunciation of the "g" sound in foreign names, which does not appear in Arabic.
Djim in Unicode
| Unicode codepoint | U + 062C |
|---|---|
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER JEEM |
| HTML | & # 1580; |
| ISO 8859-6 | 0xcc |