2-pentanol

Structural formula
	( R ) - (-) - 2-pentanol (top) and ( S ) - (+) - 2-pentanol (bottom)
General
Surname	2-pentanol
other names	sec -amyl alcohol; 2-pentyl alcohol; 2-PENTANOL ( INCI ) ;
Molecular formula	C 5 H 12 O
Brief description	colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor
External identifiers / databases
ECHA InfoCard	100.025.370
PubChem	22386
Wikidata	Q210479
properties
Molar mass	88.15 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.81 g cm −3
Melting point	−50 ° C
boiling point	119 ° C
Vapor pressure	5.3 hPa (20 ° C); 11.2 hPa (30 ° C); 45 hPa (50 ° C); 100 hPa (65 ° C);
solubility	easily in water (166 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
Refractive index	1.4053 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 226-332-335
	EUH: 066
	P: 261
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

2-pentanol (also called sec-amyl alcohol ) is an organochemical compound from the group of secondary alcohols .

Isomers

2-pentanol is one of eight structural isomers of pentanols . 2-Pentanol occurs in two stereoisomeric forms, ( R ) -2-pentanol and ( S ) -2-pentanol. When “2-pentanol” is mentioned in the scientific literature or in this article without any further addition, one always means the racemate , i.e. ( RS ) - (±) -2-pentanol, a 1: 1 mixture of ( R ) - and ( S ) -2-pentanol.

Presentation and extraction

2-Pentanol can be obtained by the hydrolysis of 2-chloropentane , the hydration of 2-pentene or the hydrogenation of 2-pentanone .

properties

Chemical properties

The oxidation of 2-pentanol gives 2-pentanone .

Safety-related parameters

2-Pentanol forms highly flammable vapor-air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of 34 ° C. The explosion range is between 1.2% by volume (44 g / m ³ ) as the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 10.5% by volume (385 g / m ³ ) as the upper explosion limit (UEL). The ignition temperature is 330 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T2.

use

2-Pentanol is used as a solvent for paints and varnishes, as well as for pharmaceutical and cosmetic intermediates. The pure enantiomers are used as chiral starting materials in enantioselective syntheses, such as. B. used in the synthesis of ferroelectric liquid crystals .

Individual evidence

↑ Entry on 2-PENTANOL in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on March 21, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Entry on 2-pentanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on May 15, 2018(JavaScript required) .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on pentanols. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 15, 2018.
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-416.
^ ^A ^b ^c E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters - Volume 1: Flammable liquids and gases , Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Bremerhaven 2003.

[CosIng-1] Entry on 2-PENTANOL in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on March 21, 2020.

[GESTIS-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Entry on 2-pentanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on May 15, 2018(JavaScript required) .

[Roempp-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on pentanols. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on May 15, 2018.

[CRC90_3_416-4] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-416.

[Brandes-5] A ^b ^c E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters - Volume 1: Flammable liquids and gases , Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Bremerhaven 2003.