ATI Radeon HD 4000 series

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ATI Radeon HD 4890

The Radeon HD 4000 series is a series of desktop - graphics chip company AMD and the successor to the Radeon HD 3000 series . All graphics processors of this series support the shader model 4.1 (SM 4.1) according to DirectX  10.1. GDDR5 memory is used for the first time in this series . The successor is the Radeon HD 5000 series .

description

The official presentation of the RV770 graphics chip used on the HD 4850 and HD 4870 graphics cards took place on June 25, 2008. Due to the early availability in stores and thus early reports from buyers, AMD preferred the presentation of the HD 4850 to June 19, on the condition that only performance comparisons are made, but no details about the architecture are disclosed.

The RV770 chip is based on the unified shader architecture of the R600 chip in the Radeon HD 2900 XT , which, however, has been significantly modified. The most important difference is the placement of the texture units (TMUs) in the shader cluster. In the R600 generation (including the RV6xx offshoots), the texture units formed a cluster, the size of which is identical to the shader cluster size. In principle, this enabled a somewhat better utilization of the TMUs in the R600, but the design cannot be scaled to larger TMU numbers without losing efficiency through too large shader clusters. With the R700 generation there are always 4 TMUs in a shader cluster, each of which has its own first-level cache (up to RV670, all TMUs shared a single L1 cache), but the texture L2 cache remains unified. It was precisely this change that enabled the significant increase in the number of units with the RV770.

In contrast to its direct predecessor, the RV670, the number of 5D shader units has been increased from 64 to 160. Although the number of texture units also increased two and a half times (from 16 to 40, with the TAUs to TMUs now being installed in a ratio of 1: 1), the number of transistors only increased from 666 to 956 million in the unchanged 55 nm manufacturing process, the enlarged the face of 193 mm² mm² to 256th Since the competing chip from Nvidia , the GT200 , was significantly larger at 576 mm² (due to the significantly higher number of transistors and the older 65 nm manufacturing process), ATI was able to manufacture the RV770 more cost-effectively. As a result, ATI was able to offer the Radeon HD 4870 significantly more cheaply on the market than the Geforce GTX 260 from Nvidia, which was initially about as fast . The Radeon HD 4850 proved to be extremely successful in the performance class market, as it is significantly more powerful than the Geforce 9800 GT, which is roughly the same as the price . ATI also advertised its new generation of graphics cards with the “PowerPlay 2.0” power saving function. This came under massive criticism, however, because it worked significantly less efficiently than the previous version on the Radeon HD 3000 series . Especially in connection with the GDDR5 memory on the Radeon HD 4870, the idle power consumption was criticized as too high, which could not be remedied with driver updates.

With two RV770 chips that work together using Crossfire technology , the dual GPU cards HD 4870 X2 and HD 4850 X2 were presented in August 2008. While the latter card is sold exclusively by Sapphire, the HD 4870 X2 can be found in almost all board partners in the portfolio. In 2D operation, the “PowerPlay” power-saving function helps to keep power consumption within limits, but the power consumption of the HD 4870 X2 breaks all previous negative records under load, which is why a powerful power supply is a prerequisite for this card. With the Radeon HD 4870 X2, ATI made the most powerful graphics card available on the market for the first time since the Radeon X1000 series , until Nvidia introduced the Geforce GTX 295 in January 2009 .

On September 10, 2008, AMD presented the Radeon HD 4600 series for the mainstream market, and on September 30, the Radeon HD 4500 and Radeon HD 4300 series for the low-end market. The graphics cards based on the RV730 or RV710 GPUs are characterized by low power dissipation, especially when idling. Since the Radeon HD 4670 acted quite successfully against Nvidia's Geforce 9600 GSO , but could not compete with the Geforce 9600 GT , ATI presented the Radeon HD 4830 on October 23, 2008. It is a Radeon HD 4850 with reduced clock rates and two deactivated shader clusters.

On April 2, 2009, AMD presented the Radeon HD 4890, which is based on the RV790. This is an RV770 derivative which has been manufactured in an improved 55 nm manufacturing process in order to achieve higher clock rates. This enables the Radeon HD 4890 to achieve roughly the same performance as the Geforce GTX 280, which was no longer in production at the time. Nvidia responded with the presentation of the Geforce GTX 275 , which is roughly the same speed , which, however, is more expensive to manufacture due to the architecture. AMD did not use a dual-GPU graphics card based on the RV790, as such a card would have a TDP of over 300 watts (which would be beyond the power consumption permitted by the PCI Express standard) and, in AMD's opinion, "simply not necessary" be. However, shortly afterwards some graphics card manufacturers announced such a card, in which two 8-pin power connections should be used - not in compliance with the standard. AMD also stated that the Radeon HD 4890's power consumption was reduced compared to the 4870 when idling. However, this could not be confirmed by the first independent test measurements.

On April 28, 2009 AMD presented the Radeon HD 4770, which is based on the RV740 and replaced the Radeon HD 4830. The RV740 chip is the first GPU to be manufactured using the 40 nm manufacturing process. This enabled AMD to offer the card on the market with a good price-performance ratio and to successfully place it against the roughly equally expensive but slower Geforce 9800 GT from Nvidia . The new manufacturing process made progress in terms of power consumption, which, however, was not as great as hoped when idling under Windows, which is attributed to the use of GDDR5 memory . After the market launch, AMD was initially unable to meet the unexpectedly high demand for the Radeon HD 4770 because the new 40 nm manufacturing process at TSMC had an insufficient yield rate . Therefore AMD had its board partner Powercolor on May 28th, 2009 announce the Radeon HD 4730 for June 8th. This is an overclocked version of the Radeon HD 4830 with a halved memory interface, which, however, uses GDDR5 memory. The theoretical memory bandwidth therefore remains unchanged. Initial test reports show a surprisingly low 3D performance, which suggests that the number of ROPs on the Radeon HD 4730 has been halved to 8.

In August board partners from AMD presented the Radeon HD 4750 and 4860 for the Asian market. Both cards come with deactivated shader clusters, whereby the Radeon HD 4750 uses the RV740 graphics processor manufactured in 40 nm, whereas the HD 4860 is based on a partially deactivated RV790 that has so far only been used on the Radeon HD 4890. However, as the model name suggests, the clock rates are between those of the HD 4850 and HD 4870 models and thus significantly lower than those of the HD 4890.

Graphics processors

Graphics
chip 		production units API Video
pro-
cessor 		cutting
stelle
production
process 		transis-
interfere 		The -
area 		ROPs Unified shaders Texture units DirectX OpenGL OpenCL
Stream
processors 		Shader
units 		Shader
cluster 		TAUs TMUs
RV620 55 nm 181 million 064 mm² 04th 040 008 × 5D- VLIW 02 08th 04th 10.1 3.3
(Linux Mesa:
3.3+) 		ATI Stream UVD 1.0 PCIe 2.0
RV710 55 nm 242 million 072 mm² 04th 080 016 × 5D-VLIW 02 08th 08th 1.1
(Linux Mesa:
1.1 incomplete) 		UVD 2.2
RV730 55 nm 514 million 146 mm² 08th 320 064 × 5D-VLIW 08th 32 32 UVD 2.2
RV740 40 nm 826 million 137 mm² 16 640 128 × 5D-VLIW 08th 32 32 UVD 2.2
RV770 55 nm 956 million 256 mm² 16 800 160 × 5D-VLIW 10 40 40 UVD 2.1
RV790 55 nm 959 million 282 mm² 16 800 160 × 5D-VLIW 10 40 40 UVD 2.1

Naming

ATI RV770 on an ATI HD4850 ​​graphics card

All graphics cards are labeled with "ATI Radeon HD" and an additional four-digit number that generally begins with a "4" (for the series). The second digit divides the family into different market segments. The third and fourth digits are used to subdivide the various models. As in the previous series, suffixes are not used, the service classification within the series or the market segment is only made using the number.

division
  • HD 42x0: IGP
  • HD 43x0: low-end
  • HD 45x0 / 46x0: mainstream
  • HD 47x0 / 48x0: Performance
  • HD 48x0 X2: High-End (models with two GPUs on one card )

Model data

model Official
launch 		Graphics processor (GPU) Graphics memory
Type Active units Clock rate
(MHz) 		Size
( MB ) 		Clock rate
(MHz) 		Type Storage
interface
ROPs Shader -
cluster 		Stream
processors 		TAUs TMUs
Radeon HD 4200 Aug 4, 2009 RV620 4th 2 40 8th 4th 500 shared
and / or 128
(side port) 		k. A. DDR2 / DDR3 Sideport 16-bit
shared memory 32/64 bit
Radeon HD 4250 Apr. 27, 2010 RV620 4th 2 40 8th 4th 700 shared
and / or 128
(side port) 		400 DDR3 Sideport 16-bit
shared memory 32/64 bit
Radeon HD 4290 March 2, 2010 RV620 4th 2 40 8th 4th 700 shared
and / or 128
(side port) 		k. A. DDR3 Sideport 16-bit
shared memory 32/64 bit
Radeon HD 4350 Sep 30 2008 RV710 4th 2 80 8th 8th 600 256 500 DDR2 64 bit
Radeon HD 4550 Sep 30 2008 RV710 4th 2 80 8th 8th 600 512 800 DDR3 64 bit
Radeon HD 4650 Sep 10 2008 RV730 8th 8th 320 32 32 600 512
1024 		500 DDR2 128 bit
Radeon HD 4670 Sep 10 2008 RV730 8th 8th 320 32 32 750 512 1000 GDDR3 128 bit
1024 900 DDR3
Radeon HD 4730 Jun 8, 2009 RV770 8th 8th 640 32 32 700 512 1800 (900) GDDR5 128 bit
Radeon HD 4750 Aug 13, 2009 RV740 16 6th 480 24 24 730 512 1600 (800) GDDR5 128 bit
Radeon HD 4770 Apr 28, 2009 RV740 16 8th 640 32 32 750 512 1600 (800) GDDR5 128 bit
Radeon HD 4830 Oct 23, 2008 RV770 16 8th 640 32 32 575 512 900 GDDR3 256 bit
Radeon HD 4850 Jun 19, 2008 RV770 16 10 800 40 40 625 512
1024 		993 GDDR3 256 bit
Radeon HD 4860 Aug 13, 2009 RV790 16 8th 640 32 32 700 512 1500 (750) GDDR5 256 bit
Radeon HD 4870 Jun 19, 2008 RV770 16 10 800 40 40 750 512
1024 		1800 (900) GDDR5 256 bit
Radeon HD 4890 Apr 2, 2009 RV790 16 10 800 40 40 850 1024 1950 (975) GDDR5 256 bit
Radeon HD 4850 X2 Aug 12, 2008 2 × RV770
(R700) 		2 × 16 2 × 10 2 × 800 2 × 40 2 × 40 625 2 × 1024 993 GDDR3 2 × 256 bits
Radeon HD 4870 X2 Aug 12, 2008 2 × RV770
(R700) 		2 × 16 2 × 10 2 × 800 2 × 40 2 × 40 750 2 × 1024 1800 (900) GDDR5 2 × 256 bits
Hints
  • The specified clock rates are those recommended or specified by AMD; the I / O clock is specified for the memory clock. However, the exact clock rate can deviate by a few megahertz due to different clock generators, and the final definition of the clock rates is in the hands of the respective graphics card manufacturer. It is therefore entirely possible that there are or will be graphics card models that have different clock rates.
  • The date indicated is the date of the public presentation, not the date of availability of the models.
  • It is possible that “Sideport and UMA” can be switched on for graphics chips that are equipped with on-board side-port graphics memory in order to dynamically enlarge the graphics memory or even to improve the graphics performance slightly.

Performance data

The following theoretical performance data result for the respective models:

model Graphics processor / memory
Computing power
via the stream
processors
in GFlops 		Pixel fill rate
in GPixel / s 		Texel fill rate
in GTexel / s 		Data
transfer
rate
in GB / s
Radeon HD 4200 40 2.0 2.0 k. A.
Radeon HD 4250 44.8 2.2 2.2 k. A.
Radeon HD 4290 56 2.8 2.8 k. A.
Radeon HD 4350 96 2.4 4.8 8.0
Radeon HD 4550 96 2.4 4.8 12.8
Radeon HD 4650 384 4.8 19.2 16.0
Radeon HD 4670 480 6.0 24.0 32.0
Radeon HD 4730 896 5.6 22.4 57.6
Radeon HD 4750 700.8 11.7 17.5 51.2
Radeon HD 4770 960 12.0 24.0 51.2
Radeon HD 4830 736 9.2 18.4 57.6
Radeon HD 4850 1000 10.0 25.0 63.6
Radeon HD 4860 896 11.2 22.4 96
Radeon HD 4870 1200 12.0 30.0 115.2
Radeon HD 4890 1360 13.6 34.0 124.8
Radeon HD 4850 X2 2 × 1000 2 x 10.0 2 x 25.0 2 × 63.6
Radeon HD 4870 X2 2 × 1200 2 x 12.0 2 x 30.0 2 x 115.2
Hints
  • The specified performance values ​​for the computing power via the stream processors, the pixel fill rate, the texel fill rate and the memory bandwidth are theoretical maximum values. The overall performance of a graphics card depends, among other things, on how well the available resources can be used or fully utilized. There are also other factors that are not listed here that affect performance.
  • The computing power via the stream processors is not directly comparable with the performance of the Nvidia Geforce series, as it is based on a different architecture that scales differently.

Power consumption data

The measured values ​​listed in the table relate to the pure power consumption of graphics cards that correspond to the ATI reference design. A special measuring device is required to measure these values; Depending on the measurement technology used and the given measurement conditions, including the program used to generate the 3D load, the values ​​can fluctuate between different devices. Therefore, measured value ranges are given here, each representing the lowest and highest measured values ​​from different sources.

model Type Consumption ( watt ) additional
power
plug
TDP Readings
Idle 3D load
Radeon HD 4200 RV620 k. A. k. A. k. A. no
Radeon HD 4250 RV620 k. A. k. A. k. A. no
Radeon HD 4290 RV620 k. A. k. A. k. A. no
Radeon HD 4350 RV710 20th 7th 18th no
Radeon HD 4550 RV710 25th k. A. k. A. no
Radeon HD 4650 RV730 48 k. A. k. A. none / 1 × 4-pin (AGP)
Radeon HD 4670 RV730 59 8th 64 none / 1 × 4-pin (AGP)
Radeon HD 4730 RV770 110 62 135 1 × 6 pin
Radeon HD 4750 RV740 k. A. k. A. k. A. 1 × 6 pin
Radeon HD 4770 RV740 80 30-32 73-83 1 × 6 pin
Radeon HD 4830 RV770 110 k. A. k. A. 1 × 6 pin
Radeon HD 4850 RV770 114 42 148-150 1 × 6 pin
Radeon HD 4860 RV790 k. A. k. A. k. A. 1 × 6 pin
Radeon HD 4870 RV770 157 55 178-200 2 × 6-pin
Radeon HD 4890 RV790 190 60 226 2 × 6-pin
Radeon HD 4850 X2 2 × RV770
(R700) 		226 k. A. k. A. 1 × 6-pin
1 × 8-pin
Radeon HD 4870 X2 2 × RV770
(R700) 		286 75-79 364-373 1 × 6-pin
1 × 8-pin

Much more common than measuring the consumption of the graphics card is determining the power consumption of an entire system. For this purpose, a reference system is compiled in which the various graphics cards are installed; Then the measurement takes place directly at the socket with the help of an energy cost meter or a comparable device . However, the meaningfulness of the measured values ​​is limited: It is not clear what consumption comes from the graphics card and what can be ascribed to the rest of the PC system. With this measurement method, the difference in consumption between idle and 3D load operation does not only depend on the program with which the load was generated; the utilization and efficiency of the rest of the PC system including the power supply unit, mainboard and processor also influence the measured difference. Since the tested systems usually differ from your own PC system at home, the values ​​given there cannot be mapped to your own system. Only measurement data from otherwise identical systems are (to a limited extent) suitable for comparison with one another. Because of this dependency, total system measured values ​​are not listed in the table here. However, since they can give a better picture of the practical power consumption of a specific system with a specific graphics card, websites that made such measurements are listed under the web links .

Web links

Commons : ATI Radeon HD 4000 Series  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Measurement of the power consumption of an entire system

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ AMD: AMD Continues its Technology Leadership Employing GDDR5 to Fuel Next Generation ATI Radeon ™ Graphics Solutions . Press release of May 21, 2008, accessed February 5, 2010.
  2. ↑ Radeon3D: Sapphire presents the HD 4850 X2 . ( Memento of the original from May 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Message dated November 4, 2008, accessed February 5, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.radeon3d.org
  3. ↑ Computerbase: Test: ATi Radeon HD 4870 X2, Section “Power Consumption” . Test report dated August 12, 2008, accessed February 5, 2010.
  4. ↑ Computerbase: Test: ATi Radeon HD 4670, Section “Power Consumption” . Test report from September 10, 2008, accessed February 5, 2010.
  5. ↑ Computerbase: Power requirement too high: No HD 4890 X2 (update) . Message dated March 30, 2009, updated April 7, 2009, retrieved February 5, 2010.
  6. ↑ Computerbase: ATi partners bring Radeon HD 4890 X2 . Message dated April 13, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  7. ↑ Computerbase: Test: ATi Radeon HD 4890 vs. Nvidia GeForce GTX 275, chapter "Power Consumption" . Test report from April 2, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  8. ↑ Computerbase: Test: ATi Radeon HD 4770, chapter "Price-performance ratio" . Test report dated April 28, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  9. ↑ Computerbase: Test: ATi Radeon HD 4770, Chapter "Power Consumption" . Test report dated April 28, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  10. ↑ Hardware information: News: Powercolor officially introduces the HD 4730 . Message dated May 28, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  11. ↑ Au-Ja: Powercolor HD 4730 - Price breaker or power guzzler? . Test report dated June 17, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  12. ↑ HT4U.net: PowerColor ATI Radeon HD 4730: Toothless, thirsty tiger . Test report dated June 17, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  13. ↑ Radeon3D: ATI presents the Radeon HD 4860 . ( Memento of the original from December 13, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Message dated December 9, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.radeon3d.org
  14. ↑ Tom's Hardware UK: [* http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/forum/322592-15-difference-sideport-mode  : Explanation of the side port modes in the BIOS in English].
  15. ↑ a b PC Games Hardware: Geforce G210: Nvidia's first DirectX 10.1 card with GT218 chip in the test . Test report from September 3, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  16. ↑ a b HT4U.net: Real power consumption of current graphics cards - Appendix: Radeon HD 4670 . Test report from January 29, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  17. ↑ a b PC Games Hardware: Test: Ati Radeon HD 4730 from Sapphire . Test report dated June 30, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  18. ↑ a b PC Games Hardware: Test: Ati Radeon HD 4770 vs. HD 4850 & Geforce 9800 GT - power consumption, volume and cooling . Test report dated April 28, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  19. ↑ a b HT4U.net: AMD Radeon HD 4770: the new mainstream king? . Test report dated April 28, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  20. ↑ a b HT4U.net: Real power consumption of current graphics cards - Appendix: Radeon HD 4850 . Test report from January 29, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  21. ↑ a b c d e PC Games Hardware: Test: Ati Radeon HD 4890 versus Nvidia Geforce GTX 275 - power consumption, volume and cooling . Test report from April 2, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  22. ↑ a b HT4U.net: Real power consumption of current graphics cards - Appendix: Radeon HD 4870 1024 MB . Test report from January 29, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  23. ↑ a b HT4U.net: Real power consumption of current graphics cards - Appendix: Radeon HD 4870 X2 . Test report from January 29, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
  24. ↑ a b PC Games Hardware: Graphics card power consumption - Update with HD 4870 X2, GTX 295 and opinion . Test report from February 28, 2009, accessed February 5, 2010.
Radeon series from AMD (formerly ATI Technologies )
DirectX 7

7000

DirectX 8

8000

DirectX 9

9000  • X  • X1000

DirectX 10

HD 2000  • HD 3000  • HD 4000

DirectX 11

HD 5000  • HD 6000  • HD 7000  • HD 8000

DirectX 12

R200  • R300  • 400  • 500  • Vega  • 5000