Active Layered Theater Ballistic Missile Defense
Active Layered Theater Ballistic Missile Defense (ALTBMD) is the NATO missile defense program in Europe designated by the North Atlantic Council since September 2005 and provides for the detection and combat of enemy short and medium-range missiles up to a range of 3000 km. It is similar to the US National Missile Defense program . However, without Ground-Based Interceptor missiles, the ALTBMD program will not have the ability to defend itself against ICBMs . On November 20, 2010, the representatives of the NATO member states decided at their summit in Lisbon to extend the planned missile shield to the territories and the population of Europe.
Since 2009, the planning of stationing fixed elements has been dispensed with in both the Czech Republic and Poland, and the use of mobile and modular defense systems has been favored. The NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency (NC3A), based in Brussels and The Hague, is responsible as the NATO authority responsible for the defense program . It includes the Active Layered Theater Ballistic Missile Defense Program Office (ALTMBD PO) under the direction of the Italian Brigadier General Alessandro Pera.
development
On September 18, 2006, NATO awarded a first contract to the US Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) to develop a regional missile defense program. Since then, in addition to the American Raytheon , European armaments companies have also been involved in the armaments consortium around SAIC : Thales Group (France), IABG and Diehl BGT Defense (Germany), QinetiQ (Great Britain), TNO (Netherlands), DATAMAT (Italy) and Airbus Defense and Space (formerly EADS Astrium.)
Weapon systems and sensors
The major components include the sea-based US American Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System (Aegis BMD) with RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 interceptor missiles , the multinational PAAMS (Principal Anti-Air Missile System) and the ground-based mobile interceptor missiles of the type Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) . The mobile radar systems AN / TPY-2 , AN / TPS-77 and RAT 31DL / M (DADR) are also important sensors . In addition, the planned multinational Medium Extended Air Defense System (MEADS) with the PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) longer range and the IRIS-T SL shorter range are to be used for missile defense.
Deployment and reactions of Russia
On August 15, 2008, there was between the US and Poland reached an agreement on the deployment of missiles of the type ground-based interceptor (GBI) in conjunction with the planned early warning radar at Brdy in the Czech Republic. The plan was to station 10 US interceptor missiles near Stolp ( Słupsk ) in northern Poland. Because of the missile defense shield planned by the USA in Poland and the Czech Republic, Russia threatened to deploy Iskander (SS-26 Stone) short-range missiles in Kaliningrad . In an interview, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev offered the US not to be stationed in Kaliningrad if, in return, they refrain from installing the missile defense system. After President Barack Obama announced in September 2009 that the United States would waive the erection of the defense shield in Poland and the Czech Republic, the abandonment of the Russian stationing plans in Kaliningrad was declared. However, after the failure of negotiations with the United States on the European missile shield, Russia resumed its original plans. In December 2013, the stationing of Iskander-M systems in Kaliningrad was completed.
In May 2016, NATO declared the first ground-based defense element in Europe to be operational in Deveselu, Romania . The facility is equipped with 24 launch cells for missiles.
See also
Web links
- ALTBMD programs on the NATO website ( Memento from January 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ^ Nato.int, press release of November 20, 2010. Accessed November 21, 2010 .
- ↑ Fact Sheet on US Missile Defense Policy A "Phased, Adaptive Approach" for Missile Defense in Europe ( Memento of August 10, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ USA defends defense against «rogue states» ( Memento from January 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ David Nauer: Rocket Poker between Moscow and Washington. Tages-Anzeiger , November 13, 2008, accessed March 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Defense system in Eastern Europe: Obama puts plans for missile shield on hold. Spiegel Online , September 17, 2009, accessed March 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Kaliningrad: Russia refrains from deploying missiles. Spiegel Online , September 29, 2009, accessed March 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Eastern Europe: Russian missiles in Kaliningrad anger Poland and Lithuania. Spiegel Online , December 16, 2013, accessed March 11, 2018 .
- ↑ NATO activates first missile defense site in Europe, Janes, May 13, 2016 ( Memento of the original from May 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
