Adolf Pawlowitsch Yuschkewitsch

Adolf Andrei Pavlovich Yushkevich (sometimes also indicated as a first name Andrei) ( Russian Адольф Павлович Юшкевич , scientific transliteration Adol'f Pavlovič Juškevič * June 2, English transcription Adolf Yushkevich ^jul. / 15. June  1906 ^greg. In Odessa , † July 17, 1993 in Moscow ) was a Russian mathematician historian.

Life

Juschkewitsch came from a Jewish family and was the son of the philosopher Pawel Solomonowitsch Juschkewitsch . He grew up partly in Paris, where his father was in exile until the Russian Revolution. Juschkewitsch studied in Petrograd (1915 to 1917), Odessa and from 1923 in Moscow at the Lomonossow University (among others with Dmitri Jegorow and Lusin ), where he graduated in 1929. From 1930 he was a lecturer and from 1940 professor of mathematics at the Moscow State Technical University (Bauman Technical University).

He took part in the 1933 by Sofja Alexandrovna Janowskaja and Mark Jakowlewitsch Wygodski at the university founded mathematical history seminar in Moscow. He was friends with both of them and all three are considered to be the founders of Soviet mathematics history. Yushkevich later led the seminar for a long time. In 1938 he received the title of candidate (without the usual defense) and in 1940 the Soviet doctorate (habilitation) from the University of Moscow for a thesis on Russian mathematics in the 18th century.

In 1952 he lost his chair as part of a general political campaign against cosmopolitanism and was from then on at the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences and Technology of the Soviet Academy of Sciences in Moscow (Wawilow Institute).

Yushkewitsch was one of the most important Russian mathematicians and published over 300 essays on the history of mathematics. Among other things, he researched the medieval mathematics of the Orient (with numerous source editions) and the work of Leonhard Euler (collaboration on Euler's Opera Omnia). He also worked on the history of mathematics in Russia and the development of the concept of function ( The concept of function of to the middle of the 19th century , Archive Hist. Exact Sciences Vol. 16, 1971, pp. 37-85). From 1970 to 1972 he was co-editor of a three-volume Russian work on the history of mathematics ( History of Mathematics from Antiquity to the Beginning of the 19th Century , Moscow, Nauka) and edited the series Mathematics of the 19th Century with Andrei Kolmogorow . In 1948 he founded the journal on the history of mathematics Istoriko-Matematicheskie Issledovaniya with Georgii Rybkin , of which he was editor until his death.

1978 Yushkevich was the George Sarton Medal Award, the prestigious award for the History of Science of the History of Science Society (HSS) and 1971 he received the Koyré medal . In 1989 he and Dirk Struik received the first Kenneth O. May Prize for the history of mathematics. He received the prize from the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin twice (1978, 1983) and in 1982 the prize from the French Academie des Sciences. He was a member of the Leopoldina and from 1965 to 1968 President of the International Academy of the History of Science, whose Koyré Medal he received in 1971.

Fonts

• History of Mathematics in the Middle Ages , Basel, Pfalz Verlag, and Teubner, Leipzig 1964 (first in Russian 1961)
• The mathematics of the countries of the East in the Middle Ages , Berlin, Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften 1963
• with Boris Rosenfeld The mathematics of the countries of the East in the Middle Ages , contributions to natural science, Berlin 1960, pp. 62–160
• with Eduard Winter (editor): The Berlin and Petersburg Academy of Sciences in Leonhard Euler's correspondence , 3 volumes, Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1959 to 1976
• History of Mathematics in Russia before 1917 (Russian), Moscow, Nauka 1968
• Les mathématiques arabes. VIIIe-Xe Siècles , Paris, J. Vrin 1976

literature

• Baschmakowa , Boris Rosenfeld a . a., Obituary in Historia Mathematica, Vol. 22, 1995, p. 113
• Joseph W. Dauben , Christoph J. Scriba (Ed.): Writing the history of mathematics. Its historical development . Birkhäuser, Basel et al. 2002, ISBN 3-7643-6167-0 , ( Science networks 27).

Web links

• Literature by and about Adolf Pawlowitsch Juschkewitsch in the catalog of the German National Library
• John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson :  Juschkewitsch. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive .

Remarks

1. ↑ First names after Gottwald, Ilgauds u. a. Lexicon of important mathematicians , Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1990
2. ↑ His academic career at the Lomonossow University in Moscow was hindered because his father was considered a supporter of the philosopher Ernst Mach and was politically suspect.