Alpine stone purse

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Alpine stone purse
Alpine stone purse (Aethionema saxatile)

Alpine stone purse ( Aethionema saxatile )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Aethionemeae
Genre : Stone Purse ( Aethionema )
Type : Alpine stone purse
Scientific name
Aethionema saxatile
( L. ) WTAiton

The Alpine stone purse ( Aethionema saxatile ), also known as the rock stone purse , is a species of the genus stone purse ( Aethionema ) within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). It also occurs in the Alps , among other places .

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Blooming specimens
Fruiting specimens

Vegetative characteristics

The Alpine stone purse grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 20 centimeters. The ascending to erect and bare stem is simple or branched. No leaf rosette is formed.

The leaves are arranged alternately on the stem and are sitting. The simple, thick, bluish-green frosted and entire leaf blade is narrow to broadly lanceolate with a length of 5 to 20 millimeters.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from April to July. The flowers are initially dense, clustered inflorescence ; The inflorescence axis extends until the fruit is ripe.

The hermaphrodite flowers are four-fold with a double flower envelope and have a diameter of 3 to 6 millimeters. The four egg-shaped sepals have a white or reddish, sometimes indistinct skin edge. The four shades of purple to pink, reddish or white flowers petals are at a length of 2-4 millimeters obovate to spatulate and rounded at the top. The stamens are bent in pairs and winged on the inside.

The fruit cluster is loosely grape. There are two types of fruit. On an arched stalk there are pods with a length of 5 to 7 millimeters and a width of 4 to 5 millimeters, rounded and broadly winged all around and with margins at the top. In addition to normal pods, there are ovoid pods with only one seed on a straight, upright stalk with a length of 3 millimeters.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24 or 48.

Aethionema saxatile subsp. creticum

ecology

The Alpine stone purse is a Chamaephyte .

Occurrence

The distribution area of the species Aethionema saxatile includes southern Europe and southern central Europe, as well as North Africa and Turkey. In Central Europe , the Alpine stone purse is rarely found on the upper reaches of the Isar , in the Northern Limestone Alps from the eastern edge to Northern Tyrol ; then only again in Savoy ; in the southern Alps it occurs particularly scattered in their eastern chains. They are rarely found in the Central Alps . The Alpine stone purse thrives best at altitudes of 500 to 1800 meters.

The Alpine stone purse needs stony soils that are poor in fine soil and should be calcareous . It colonizes fresh rock heaps and rubble that are still in motion , but also goes into crevices. It is a character species of the class Thlaspietea rotundifolii and occurs particularly in the Chondrilletum chondrilloidis from the association Epilobion fleischeri, but also in plant communities of the association Stipion calamagrostis.

Systematics

The species Aethionema saxatile is divided into at least six subspecies in Europe :

  • Aethionema saxatile subsp. creticum (Boiss. & Heldr.) IAAndersson et al. : The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
  • Aethionema saxatile subsp. graecum (Boiss. & Spruner) Hayek
  • Aethionema saxatile subsp. latifolium H. Lindb. f. : It only occurs in Morocco.
  • Aethionema saxatile subsp. oreophilum I.A. Andersson et al. : The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
  • Aethionema saxatile subsp. ovalifolium (DC.) Nyman : The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
  • Aethionema saxatile (L.) WTAiton subsp. saxatile
  • Aethionema saxatile subsp. scopulorum (Ronniger) IAAndersson et al. : This endemic occurs only near Dubrovnik in Croatia.

literature

  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volume 3, Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  • IA Andersson, A. Carlström, R. Franzén, T. Karlén, H. Nybom: A revision of the Aethionema saxatile complex (Brassicaceae). In: Willdenowia , Volume 13, 1983, pages 3-42.
  • AO Chater, JR Akeroyd: Aethionema R.Br. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al .: Flora Europaea . 2nd edition, Volume 1, pages 388-390. Cambridge University Press 1993, ISBN 0-521-41007-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Alpine stone purse. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 448.
  3. ↑ a b c Aethionema saxatile at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

Web links

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