Afanassi Nikolayevich Matyushenko
Afanasy Nikolaevich Matjuschenko ( Russian Афанасий Николаевич Матюшенко ; Ukrainian Панас Миколайович Матюшенко ; born May 2, jul. / 14. May 1879 greg. In Derhachi , Kharkov Governorate , Russian Empire ; † October 20 jul. / 2. November 1907 greg. In Sevastopol , Russian Empire) was a non-commissioned officer in the Black Sea Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy . In 1905 he became the leader of the uprising on the armored cruiser Potemkin , which gained international fame through the film adaptation of Sergei Eisenstein .
Life
Matjuschenko was born in Derhatschi, Ukraine, in 1879, which was a village at the time. He was the son of a shoemaker who became an alcoholic after a famine in 1891. Afanassi attended a church-run school and was friends with the writer and musician Hnat Chotkewytsch from childhood . First he found work on the railway in Kharkov , then in Odessa on a steamer, with which he reached Vladivostok . In 1898 he became a dock worker in Rostov-on-Don , where he joined a Marxist circle under the leadership of the future Bolshevik Vladimir Petrov. In March 1902 he was hired in Nikolayev on the battleship Potemkin and was promoted to quartermaster on January 1, 1905 . He joined the revolutionary organization of the seafarers Zentralka .
In the course of the revolution of 1905 he led the uprising on the armored cruiser Potemkin from June 14 to 25, where he was involved in the shooting of Captain Golikow and Frigate Captain Ippolit Giliarowski. After the ship landed in Constanța , he spent the next two years in exile , initially in Romania and Switzerland . After an eight-month stay in the USA , where he worked at Singer , he moved on to Paris , where he joined anarcho-syndicalists . In exile he had contact with Lenin , Christian Rakowski , Vladimir Posse , Maxim Gorki , Georgi Gapon , Boris Savinkov and other revolutionaries. In June 1907 Matyushenko returned to Russia under a false name. He was arrested in Nikolaev, tried in Sevastopol, and hanged on November 2, 1907 .
A section on the north bank of the Sevastopol Bay is named after Matyushenko.
swell
- Great Soviet Encyclopedia , Moscow 1974, vol. 15, p. 588.
- Russian edition: Большая советская энциклопедия, Moscow 1974, vol. 15, p. 515.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Matyuschenko, Afanassi Nikolajewitsch |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Leader of the uprising on the battleship Potemkin |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 14, 1879 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Derhatschi , Kharkov Governorate , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 2, 1907 |
| Place of death | Sevastopol , Russian Empire |