Agnes of France (1260-1327)

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Agnes of France

Agnes of France (* 1260 ; † December 19, 1325 or 1327 in Lantenay Castle ( Côte-d'Or )) was a French princess from the Capetian dynasty . From 1279 to 1306 she was Duchess of Burgundy .

Life

Agnes was the youngest of eleven children of the French King Louis IX. of Saint and Margaret of Provence . Her father could no longer marry her during his lifetime; in his will of February 1270, however, he left her an amount of 10,000 livres .

Louis IX died on August 25, 1270, whereupon his eldest still living son as Philip III. the bold became the new king. He betrothed his younger sister Agnes on October 20, 1272 to Robert of Burgundy , who shortly after ascended the Burgundian ducal throne. The couple's wedding did not take place until 1279.

After the death of her husband († March 21, 1306), Agnes ruled the Duchy of Burgundy for her underage son and successor Hugo V until November 9, 1311. She betrothed him to her great niece Katharina von Valois in 1303 , for which a papal dispensation in 1307 was granted. However, the bride's father, Karl von Valois , withdrew from the marriage project and terminated it against Agnes' resistance. She also tried to marry her daughters as well as possible. In strict application of a royal decree, Agnes had Jewish property confiscated during her reign. Hugo V took over the rule himself at the end of 1311. The Dowager Duchess consistently demanded that her son transfer all income from her Wittum as well as the payment of her dowry. Hugo IV died in May 1315 at the age of only about 21, and was followed by his younger brother Odo IV as Duke of Burgundy.

When King Ludwig X , who was married to Agnes' daughter Margarete , died on June 5, 1316 only one year after her death in prison, and his posthumous son Johann I from his second marriage died only a few on November 19, 1316 Days after the birth, the brother of Louis X., Philip (V) , who was temporarily acting as regent, wanted to become the new king of France. At the instigation of his mother Agnes, Odo IV resolutely opposed Philip's plan, arguing that Johanna , the daughter of Louis X and Margaret, was the heir to the crowns of France and Navarre. The coronation of Philip V took place in Reims on January 9, 1317, despite the objections raised by Agnes who was present . The dowager duchess tried to stir up the nobility of Champagne , but finally, together with Odo IV., In March 1318 renounced Joan's possible succession rights in France, for which Philip V would have Joan's right of succession in Navarre in the event that he died without a male heir -Champagne guaranteed.

Apparently Agnes attached great importance to the preservation of her father's memory. She owned his psalter and had a chapel built for him in the Sainte-Chapelle in Dijon . After her death, Agnes, who made her first will in 1310 and renewed it in May 1323 and November 1325, was buried in the Abbey of Cîteaux at the side of her husband Robert II.

progeny

The following children were born from the marriage:

  • Johann (* probably 1279; † probably 1283)
  • Margarete (* probably 1285; † before 1290)
  • Blanka (* probably 1288; † July 28, 1348 in Dijon ), buried in the Franciscan church there , ⚭ 1307 Edward of Savoy († 1329)
  • Margaret (* 1290, † 1315) ⚭ 1305 Louis X. (* 1289; † 1316) 1305 King of Navarre, 1314 King of France
  • Johanna , called the Lame ( la Boiteuse ) (* around 1293; † 1348/49) ⚭ 1313 Philip VI. (* 1293; † 1350) 1325 Count of Valois, 1328 King of France,
  • Hugo V (* 1294; † 1315) 1306 Duke of Burgundy, titular king of Thessaloniki, peer of France
  • Odo IV. (* 1295; † 1350) 1315 Duke of Burgundy, 1316–1321 Titular King of Thessaloniki, Prince of Achaia, 1330 Count Palatine of Burgundy and Count of Artois, Auxonne and Chalon-sur-Saône, Lord of Salins ⚭ 1318 Johanna III . (* 1308; † 1347), Countess Palatine of Burgundy, Countess of Artois, Mistress of Salins etc., daughter of King Philip V.
  • Ludwig (* 1297; † 1316) 1315 titular king of Thessaloniki, 1313 prince of Achaia and Morea ⚭ 1313 Mathilde of Hainaut (* 1293; † 1331) 1301 princess of Achaia and Morea
  • Maria (* 1298) ⚭ February 11, 1310 in the Château de Montbard with Duke Eduard I von Bar (* 1296; † 1336) ( House Scarponnois )
  • Robert (* probably 1302; † October 19, 1334) 1321 Count von Tonnerre , buried in the Cîteaux monastery

literature

  • J. Viard: Agnes de France . In: Dictionnaire de Biographie française , Vol. 1 (1932), Col. 749f.
  • Maurice Hugh Keen: Chivalry (New Haven, London 1984)

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ So J. Viard, Dictionnaire de Biographie française , Vol. 1, Col. 750, and Charles Cawley, Medieval Lands Agnes de France .
  2. ^ So Ludwig Vones : Ludwig IX. In: Joachim Ehlers , Heribert Müller , Bernd Schneidmüller : The French kings of the Middle Ages. CH Beck, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-406-40446-4 , p. 176.
personal data
SURNAME Agnes of France
BRIEF DESCRIPTION youngest daughter of Ludwig IX.
DATE OF BIRTH 1260
DATE OF DEATH December 19, 1325 or 1327
Place of death Lantenay Castle ( Côte-d'Or )