Bernd Schneidmüller

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Bernd Schneidmüller in 2017

Bernd Schneidmüller (born January 22, 1954 in Hainchen ) is a German historian of medieval history.

Schneidmüller held professorships at the Universities of Oldenburg (1987–1990), Braunschweig (1990–1994), Bamberg (1994–2003) and Heidelberg (2003–2020). In radio and television broadcasts, Schneidmüller wants to convey the work of medieval studies to a wider audience. Since the 1990s, Schneidmüller played a leading role in almost all major medieval exhibitions.

Life

Bernd Schneidmüller, born in 1954 in Wetterau in Hessen , graduated from the Wolfgang-Ernst-Gymnasium in Büdingen in 1972 . From 1972/1973 to 1976/1977 he studied history, German, Protestant theology and German legal history at the Universities of Zurich and Frankfurt am Main . In 1976, Schneidmüller passed the state examination for teaching at grammar schools in history and German. He received his doctorate in 1977 from the University of Frankfurt am Main with a thesis on the formation of France as a nation in the 10th century, supervised by Joachim Ehlers .

From 1978 to 1981 he was a research assistant for Ehlers in the DFG priority program “Nationes” at the History Department of the University of Frankfurt am Main. From 1981–1987 he was a scientific employee and temporary academic advisor at the history seminar of the Technical University of Braunschweig . There he completed his habilitation in 1985 on the subject of noun patriae. The emergence of France in political-geographical terminology (10th – 13th centuries) and became a private lecturer in medieval history.

Professorships for Medieval History followed in Oldenburg (1987–1990), Braunschweig (1990–1994) and from 1994 to 2003 in Bamberg . In Bamberg he was founding director of the Center for Medieval Studies and dean of the Faculty of History and Geosciences. Schneidmüller rejected appointments to Cologne and Oldenburg (1994) and Bonn (1997). From the 2003/2004 winter semester until his retirement on March 31, 2020, Schneidmüller taught at Heidelberg University as the successor to Jürgen Miethke . He gave his inaugural lecture in June 2004 on how historians and school books deal with late medieval history. From April 2014 to 2020 he was director of the Marsilius College . With Jörg Peltzer , Schneidmüller heads the Institute for Franconian-Palatinate History and Regional Studies in Heidelberg. He supervised two dissertations in Braunschweig, five in Bamberg and 21 in Heidelberg as first reviewer. His academic students include Alexander Schubert , Klaus Oschema , Jörg Peltzer and Klaus van Eickels . He has been a senior professor at Heidelberg University since 2020

Schneidmüller is married and has three children.

Research priorities

His main research interests are the comparative history of Europe in the Middle Ages, work on urban and regional history (such as Magdeburg, Goslar, Braunschweig and Frankfurt), studies on dynasties, especially on the Guelphs , the formation of European nations as a whole and the emergence of political, social and societal identities . Schneidmüller submitted more than 240 publications. His work extends from the Carolingian Empire to the late Middle Ages . Since 1995 he has been co-editor of the journal for historical research .

Schneidmüller's dissertation, published in 1979, aimed to “examine political theory in France during the tenth century and to embed it in the overall historical framework”. With his habilitation, published in 1987, Schneidmüller pursued the goal of "introducing the political-geographical terminology of the French sources from the 10th to the 13th century and making it clear in their specific source value" and exploring their significance for "the formation of a political awareness of identity" . In nine chapters, Schneidmüller analyzed the use of language in the sources of terms such as regnum Francorum , regnum Franciae , Francia , Franci , corona Franciae , Gallia , Galli , patria , terra , natio , gens or lingua .

In 1995, Schneidmüller published an anthology on the Guelphs and their Brunswick court in the high Middle Ages, the articles published in it go back to the 33rd Wolfenbüttel Symposium of the Herzog August Library . The anthology sees the farm primarily as a cultural center. The focus is on works of literature, art and historiography that are attributed to the circle of Henry the Lion and his successors. With Joachim Ehlers and Heribert Müller, he published an anthology in 1996 on the French kings of the Middle Ages. The work contains biographies from Odo to Charles VIII in the period from 888 to 1498. In the introduction, the editors outline the development of the country from humble beginnings to "a royal state and finally to a royal nation with an unmistakable profile far beyond the Middle Ages". The contributions were written by exclusively German-speaking experts. Schneidmüller was in charge of the part on the early Middle Ages (888–1108).

At a Bamberg symposium in June 1996, the continuities and discontinuities in the reign of Otto III. and Henry II discussed. Schneidmüller published the articles together with Stefan Weinfurter in 1997. This volume also marked the beginning of the series of medieval researches that Schneidmüller has published since then. With his account of the Guelphs, published in 2000, he presented “a first modern combination of family history over four and a half centuries”.

In 2000, Schneidmüller presented an essay on “ consensual rule ”. The starting point of the study is the Würzburger Hoftag of May 1216. There it was stated that no king can decide on a principality without the consent of the prince concerned and his ministerials . Then Schneidmüller gave an overview of the relationship between king and prince in the early and high Middle Ages. Especially in the late 12th and early 13th centuries, the king could not enforce a decision without the consent of the princes. Schneidmüller saw consensuality as a “fundamental building principle of the early medieval order”. For the kingdom it was necessary to integrate the rulers of the empire. His explanations, published in 2000, brought a significant advance in knowledge for Medieval Studies and have been taken up many times since then. Schneidmüller developed his ideas on consensual rule even further. The determining socio-political factors were not just hierarchy and rank, but dynamic webs of constant distinction and integration.

With Weinfurter he published an anthology in 2003 on the German rulers of the Middle Ages. The work contains 28 short biographical descriptions from Heinrich I to Maximilian I and thus provides an overview of the medieval history of the empire. Together with Michael Borgolte , he was the spokesman for the DFG Priority Program 1173 “Integration and Disintegration of Cultures in the European Middle Ages” (2005–2011). In 2011 he published a story about the late Middle Ages depicting borderline experience and monarchical order . He rejects a uniform Europe term for the late Middle Ages. “The guideline for the presentation” is Schneidmüller's conviction that “the European term followed and still follows constantly changing concepts”. The book is therefore less about the history of Europe than about "history in Europe". On 300 pages, Schneidmüller links the story from 1200 to 1500 with three major historical events (so-called "nodes") that affected the entire system of thought and order of the people. In the 13th century it is the onslaught of the Mongols and the deposition of Emperor Frederick II by Innocent IV. In the 14th century he chooses the occurrence of the plague epidemic and the consolidation of the kingdoms around the middle of the 14th century and finally in the 15th century Fall of Constantinople in 1453 and the victory of the papacy over conciliarism . With Martin Kintzinger , he organized an autumn conference of the Constance working group on the island of Reichenau in 2008 on the subject of “Political Public in the Late Middle Ages”. The articles were published in 2011. Together with Stefan Weinfurter and Gert Melville , he was the editor of an anthology published in 2014 for the international conference in October 2012 with the topic “Innovation through interpretation and design. Monasteries in the Middle Ages between the afterlife and the world ”. In autumn 2018, Schneidmüller, together with Klaus Oschema, is organizing a Reichenau conference of the Constance working group for medieval history on the topic of “Future in the Middle Ages. Time concepts and planning strategies ".

Schneidmüller was significantly involved in the conception and implementation of major historical exhibitions, including the exhibitions Heinrich the Lion and His Time (Braunschweig 1995), Canossa 1077th Shaking the World (Paderborn 2006), Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation 962–1806 (Berlin / Magdeburg 2006), Departure into the Gothic (Magdeburg 2009), Die Wittelsbacher am Rhein. The Electoral Palatinate and Europe (Mannheim 2013/2014) and The Konstanz Council 1414–1418 (Konstanz 2014). In April 2018, Schneidmüller and Weinfurter led the fourth scientific symposium on “King Rudolf I and the Rise of the House of Habsburg in the Middle Ages” for the European Foundation for the Imperial Cathedral of Speyer . Schneidmüller published the articles in 2019. The symposium marked the beginning of the preoccupation with the topic, which will lead to a special exhibition at the Historisches Museum Speyer in 2021 .

Honors and memberships

Schneidmüller was awarded numerous scientific honors and memberships for his research. Schneidmüller is a member of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen (1987) and the Frankfurt Historical Commission (1989), a corresponding member of the Braunschweig Scientific Society (1993) and a full member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (2005). He is also a member of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg (2004), the Commission for Bavarian Regional History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (2001), the Society for Franconian History (1996) and the Constance Working Group for Medieval History (1998) .

On November 25, 2015, an asteroid in the outer main belt was named after Bernd Schneidmüller: (65712) Schneidmüller . In 2016 he received the Eike von Repgow Prize of the City of Magdeburg .

Fonts (selection)

Monographs

  • Carolingian tradition and early French royalty. Investigations into the legitimation of rule of the West Franconian-French monarchy in the 10th century (= Frankfurt historical treatises. Vol. 22). Steiner, Wiesbaden 1979, ISBN 3-515-03202-9 .
  • Noun patriae. The emergence of France in political-geographical terminology (10th – 13th centuries) (= Nationes 7). Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1987, ISBN 3-7995-6107-2 .
  • The Guelphs. Reign and memory (819–1252) (= Kohlhammer-Urban-Taschenbücher. Vol. 465). Kohlhammer, Stuttgart et al. 2000, ISBN 3-17-014999-7 .
  • The emperors of the Middle Ages. From Charlemagne to Maximilian I (= Beck'sche series. CH Beck Wissen 2398). 2nd, improved edition. Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 3-406-53598-4 .
  • Borderline experience and monarchical order. Europe 1200–1500 (= CH Beck History of Europe. Beck series 1982). Beck, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-406-61357-9 .

Editorships

  • The Welfs and their Brunswick court in the high Middle Ages (= Wolfenbüttel Medieval Studies. Vol. 7). Harrassowitz, Wolfenbüttel 1993, ISBN 3-447-03705-9 .
  • with Joachim Ehlers , Heribert Müller : The French kings of the Middle Ages. From Odo to Charles VIII. 888–1498. Beck, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-406-40446-4 .
  • with Stefan Weinfurter : Otto III. - Heinrich II. A turning point? (= Medieval research. Vol. 1). Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1997, ISBN 3-7995-4251-5 ( digitized version ).
  • with Stefan Weinfurter: Ottonian new beginnings. Symposium on the exhibition "Otto the Great, Magdeburg and Europe". von Zabern, Mainz 2001, ISBN 3-8053-2701-3 .
  • with Stefan Weinfurter: The German rulers of the Middle Ages. Historical portraits from Heinrich I to Maximilian I (919–1519). Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-50958-4 .
  • with Stefan Weinfurter: Holy - Roman - German. The empire in medieval Europe. Sandstein, Dresden 2006, ISBN 3-937602-56-9 .
  • with Stefan Weinfurter: Salian Empire and New Europe. The time of Heinrich IV and Heinrich V Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2007, ISBN 978-3-534-20871-5 .
  • King Rudolf I and the rise of the House of Habsburg in the Middle Ages. wbg Academic, Darmstadt 2019, ISBN 978-3-534-27125-2

literature

  • Bernd Schneidmüller. In: Jürgen Petersohn (Ed.): The Constance Working Group for Medieval History. The members and their work. A bio-bibliographical documentation (= publications of the Constance Working Group for Medieval History on the occasion of its fiftieth anniversary 1951–2001. Vol. 2). Thorbecke, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7995-6906-5 , pp. 377-383 ( digitized version ).
  • Inaugural address as a full member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences on June 10, 2006. In: Yearbook of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences for 2006 , Heidelberg 2007, pp. 125–127.
  • Lieselotte E. Saurma : Inaugural lecture Prof. Dr. Bernd Schneidmüller. June 2, 2004. In: Stefan Weinfurter et al. (Ed.): New ways of research. Inaugural lectures at the Heidelberg Historical Seminar 2000–2006. (= Heidelberg historical contributions. Vol. 3). Winter, Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8253-5634-7 , pp. 47-50.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Carolingian tradition and early French royalty. Investigations on the legitimation of rule of the West Frankish-French monarchy in the 10th century. Wiesbaden 1979.
  2. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Consensus - Territorialization - Self-interest. How to deal with late medieval history. In: Frühmittelalterliche Studien , Vol. 39, 2005, pp. 225–246.
  3. ↑ Supervised dissertations (initial assessment)
  4. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Carolingian tradition and early French royalty. Investigations on the legitimation of rule of the West Frankish-French monarchy in the 10th century. Wiesbaden 1979, p. 1. Review by Michel Parisse in: Francia 9 (1981), pp. 737–738 ( online )
  5. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Noun patriae. The emergence of France in political-geographical terminology (10th - 13th centuries). Sigmaringen 1987, p. 11.
  6. ↑ See the reviews by Bertrand Schnerb in: Francia 25/1 (1998), pp. 296–298 ( digitized version ); Michel Parisse in: Historische Zeitschrift 267 (1998), pp. 747-750; Werner Maleczek in: Mitteilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung 106 (1998), pp. 533-534; Philippe Depreux in: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), pp. 243–244; Karl Schnith in: Das Historisch-Politische Buch 45 (1997), p. 458; Malte Prietzel in: Journal for historical research 25 (1998), pp. 429-431; Karl-Friedrich Krieger in: Zeitschrift für Geschichtswwissenschaft 45 (1997), pp. 260–261; Hubertus Seibert in: Historisches Jahrbuch 118 (1998), pp. 382–383; Sandra Dieckmann in: Journal for Romance Philology 117 (2001), p. 664; Joseph Hanimann: From the royal state to the royal nation. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , August 28, 1996, No. 200, p. 35.
  7. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: The Welfs. Reign and memory (819–1252). Stuttgart et al. 2000, p. 8. Cf. the reviews of Rudolf Schieffer in the German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 57 (2001), p. 297 ( digitized version ); Caspar Ehlers in: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte. 52 (2002), pp. 308-310; Eva Schlotheuber in: Braunschweigisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte. 82 (2001), pp. 231-232 ( online ); Hansmartin Schwarzmaier in: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine. 149 (2001), pp. 575-576.
  8. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Consensual rule. An essay on forms and concepts of political order in the Middle Ages. In: Paul-Joachim Heinig , Sigrid Jahns, Hans-Joachim Schrnidt, Rainer Christoph Schwinges, Sabine Wefers (eds.): Empire, regions and Europe in the Middle Ages and modern times. Festschrift for Peter Moraw. Berlin 2000, pp. 53-87, here: p. 66 ( online ).
  9. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Consensual rule. An essay on forms and concepts of political order in the Middle Ages. In: Paul-Joachim Heinig , Sigrid Jahns, Hans-Joachim Schrnidt, Rainer Christoph Schwinges, Sabine Wefers (eds.): Empire, regions and Europe in the Middle Ages and modern times. Festschrift for Peter Moraw. Berlin 2000, pp. 53-87 ( online ). The article was published in 2013 in an abbreviated English translation Rule by Consensus. Forms and Concepts of Political Order in the European Middle Ages. In: The Medieval History Journal 16, 2, 2013, pp. 449-471. See also: Ders .: Between God and the faithful. Four sketches on the foundations of the medieval monarchy. In: Frühmittelalterliche Studien 36 (2002), pp. 193-209; Ders .: Consensus - Territorialization - Self-interest. How to deal with late medieval history. In: Frühmittelalterliche Studien 39 (2005), pp. 225–246, here esp .: pp. 238–245; Ders .: Justice and political practice in the Middle Ages between consensus and transcendence. In: Gert Melville (Ed.): Justice. Cologne et al. 2014, pp. 97–114.
  10. ↑ For the Carolingian period cf. Roman Deutinger: Royal rule in the East Franconian Empire. A pragmatic constitutional history of the late Carolingian era. Ostfildern 2006, pp. 225-272; on the High Middle Ages: Jutta Schlick: King, Prince and Empire (1056–1159). Understanding of power in transition. Stuttgart 2001; Monika Suchan: Princely opposition to royalty in the 11th and 12th centuries as a designer of medieval statehood. In: Frühmittelalterliche Studien , Vol. 37 (2003), pp. 141–165; Jürgen Dendorfer: Fidi milites? The Hohenstaufen and Emperor Heinrich V. In: Hubertus Seibert , Jürgen Dendorfer (Ed.): Counts, dukes, kings. The rise of the early Hohenstaufen and the empire. Ostfildern 2005, pp. 213-265; Jürgen Dendorfer: Mutual Authority - Princely Participation in the Empire of the 13th Century. In: Hubertus Seibert, Werner Bomm, Verena Türck (eds.): Authority and acceptance. The empire in 13th century Europe. Ostfildern 2013, pp. 27–41.
  11. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Transfigured power and entangled rule. The charm of premodern otherness. In: Matthias Becher, Stephan Conermann, Linda Dohmen (eds.): Power and rule transcultural. Premodern configurations and research perspectives. Göttingen 2018, pp. 91–121; Bernd Schneidmüller: Responsibility from breadth and depth. Entangled rule in the 13th century. In: Oliver Auge (Ed.): King, Empire and Prince in the Middle Ages. Final conference of the Greifswald “Principes project”. Festschrift for Karl-Heinz Spieß. Stuttgart 2017, pp. 115–148.
  12. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Responsibility from breadth and depth. Entangled rule in the 13th century. In: Oliver Auge (Ed.): King, Empire and Prince in the Middle Ages. Final conference of the Greifswald “Principes project”. Festschrift for Karl-Heinz Spieß. Stuttgart 2017, pp. 115–148, here: p. 139.
  13. ↑ See the review by Andreas Kilb: The shadow of the body of the king. High-ranking: An anthology about the German rulers of the Middle Ages. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , October 7, 2003, No. 232, p. L34.
  14. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Borderline experience and monarchical order. Europe 1200–1500. Munich 2011, p. 7.
  15. ↑ Bernd Schneidmüller: Borderline experience and monarchical order. Europe 1200–1500. Munich 2011, p. 77.
  16. ↑ The Minor Planet Circular , circular from the Minor Planet Center , p. 96937 (English).
personal data
SURNAME Schneidmüller, Bernd
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH January 22, 1954
PLACE OF BIRTH Limeshain