Jörg Peltzer

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Jörg Henning Peltzer (* 1975 ) is a German historian who researches the history of the late Middle Ages . Peltzer has been teaching as a professor for comparative national history from a European perspective with a focus on the late Middle Ages at Heidelberg University since 2012 . Peltzer's research focuses on hierarchies as a design principle of political and social order in late medieval Europe.

Life

Jörg Peltzer graduated from high school in Ettlingen in 1994 . He studied history, historical auxiliary sciences and archeology at the Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg (1994–1996) and at the Université Catholique de l'Ouest (1996–1997). The Master of Philosophy followed in 1998 at the University of Birmingham . Peltzer received his doctorate in 2003 from Christ Church at the University of Oxford with a study of the bishops' elections in Normandy and Greater Anjou between 1140 and 1230. Peltzer was a fellow at the German Historical Institutes in London and Paris . In 2004 he moved to Heidelberg to the "Institute for Franconian-Palatinate History and Regional Studies". Since 2007 he has headed the research group “Rank and Order. The Formation and Visualization of Political and Social Order in the Late Medieval Principality in a European Comparison ”(RANK), which is funded by the Emmy Noether Program of the German Research Foundation and the Starting Grants of the European Research Council . For the first time ever, an Emmy Noether research group was awarded to the subject of medieval history. The total volume is 630,000 euros. In 2009/2010 Peltzer was Senior Research Associate at the Peterhouse of the University of Cambridge .

In 2011 he completed his habilitation at the University of Heidelberg with the thesis Der Rang des Pfalzgrafen bei Rhein. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries . In 2012, Peltzer accepted an offer at Heidelberg University for a W3 professorship for comparative national history from a European perspective - with a focus on the late Middle Ages. Since September 2013 he has been director of the Institute for Franconian-Palatinate History and Regional Studies in Heidelberg together with Bernd Schneidmüller . In 2013 Peltzer was awarded the Palatinate Prize for Palatinate History and Folklore for his research on the rank of Count Palatine near the Rhine and the shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. He is a member of the Konstanz Working Group for Medieval History (since 2019) and of the Academia Europaea (since 2019).

Research priorities

His work focuses on the social, political and legal history in high and late medieval Western Europe and in the empire. The geographical focus of his research is particularly on England, France and the Roman-German Empire. His Oxford dissertation provides a detailed analysis of the episcopal elections in the seven dioceses of the ecclesiastical province of Rouen and the dioceses of Tours , Le Mans and Angers . Between 1140 and 1230, 61 elections were held in seven Norman dioceses and two in neighboring Anjou . Legal theory and practice are incorporated into local customs.

Peltzer devoted himself to the rank, which has hitherto largely been neglected in medieval studies, as a central category of order. Rank indicators and symbols were examined to determine the rank of a person. Thematically, Peltzer and his working group 'RANK' mainly researched princes in the empire of the 13th and 14th centuries. In his habilitation, he dealt with the position of the Count Palatine near the Rhine in the political and social structure of the Holy Roman Empire in the 13th and 14th centuries due to the “diversity of their top positions” . With this work, Peltzer wants to “better understand the differentiation processes in the late medieval high nobility” and also shed light on “the development of the political order of the empire”. According to Peltzer, rank creates "a relationship between order, that is, the overarching frame of reference, and the individual position of the individual". Rank results both from a “relationship of equality”, “belonging” to a group, and from a “subordination” or “superiority”. Rank is "the result of a social process", "which does not have to be legally sanctioned to become effective"; should the claimed rank "have a social impact, it must be recognized by third parties". Rank is a research term and appears as a term with various names in the sources. In order to determine the place of the Count Palatine in the empire structure, Peltzer first investigated the relationship with the king. The other chapters deal with the dignities and offices of the Palatine. In doing so, he subjects the functions of the Palatine count as judge and imperial vicar to consideration. As further criteria for rank, Peltzer treats the perception of the count palatine in documents, seals and coats of arms. In addition, the connubium and appearance at imperial assemblies and at court are taken into account. According to Peltzer's research, rank resulted more from social acceptance and less from divine predestination, birth or achievement.

Together with Bernd Schneidmüller and Stefan Weinfurter , Peltzer gave the anthology Die Wittelsbacher und die Kurpfalz in the Middle Ages. A success-story? at a meeting held in January 2012. The scientific conference served to prepare the exhibition of the Mannheim Reiss-Engelhorn-Museums on the topic “The Wittelsbachers on the Rhine. The Electoral Palatinate and Europe ”(2013/2014). The articles deal with the scope of action of the Wittelsbachers and their rule in the Palatinate. In 2015 Peltzer published an anthology with Cristina Andenna, Gert Melville and Klaus Oschema on hierarchy and idoneity in courtly societies in the Middle Ages. According to the foreword, the editors and authors pursue the goal of "using the concept of 'performance' to test and explore a specific approach to the historical-scientific approach to central phenomena and aspects of the (European) Middle Ages." The case studies ask about the possibilities and limits of the performance concept . In 2016, on the 950th anniversary, Peltzer published a description of the Norman conquest of England in 1066. For Peltzer, 1066 was “a truly fateful year in European history”. According to him, Wilhelm's conquest changed "the political order in north-western Europe dramatically". In 2019 he published a comparative study on the topic of rank between the Roman-German Empire and England. Using the example of Wilhelm V./I. von Jülich 's goal is to provide a better understanding of the development and variability of political-social order models in late medieval Europe, while taking the European perspective more into account. In the Roman-German Empire, Wilhelm was not only imperial prince , but also Earl of Cambridge in England , and thus held a unique position in the 14th century. With the act of investiture with the new dignity by the king and the written down of this act by means of a document, Peltzer examines “how social difference between different noble ranks was identified and practiced and which images were tried to show the role of the great and the king in to represent the respective political and social order ”.

Peltzer's concept of rank was taken up many times in medieval research. Thus Jürgen Dendorfer examined the latest developments Peltzer approach the Great and princes allowed on the training of the rank of 10th to 12th century.

Fonts

Monographs

  • To become a prince. Ranks raised in the 14th century. The Roman-German Empire and England in comparison (= historical magazine. Supplement. New series, supplement 75). De Gruyter Oldenbourg, Berlin et al. 2019, ISBN 978-3-11-063902-5 .
  • 1066. The battle for England's crown. Beck, Munich 2016, ISBN 978-3-406-69750-0 .
  • The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political-social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries (= Rank. Political-social order in medieval Europe. Vol. 2). Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2013, ISBN 3-7995-9122-2 (also: Heidelberg, Universität, habilitation paper, 2011).
  • Canon Law, Careers, and Conquest. Episcopal Elections in Normandy and Greater Anjou, c. 1140 and c. 1230 (= Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought. Ser. 4, 71). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 2008, ISBN 978-0-521-88062-6 (also: Oxford, University, dissertation, 2003 under the title: Episcopal elections in Normandy and Greater Anjou between ca 1140 - ca 1230. ) ( online ) .

Editorships

  • Rank and Order. The Formation of Aristocratic Elites in Western and Central Europe, 500–1500 (= RANK. Political-social orders in medieval Europe. Vol. 4). Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2015, ISBN 978-3-7995-9124-9
  • with Klaus Oschema , Christina Andenna, Gert Melville : The performance of the mighty. Ranking and idoneity in courtly societies of the late Middle Ages (= RANK. Political-social orders in medieval Europe. Vol. 5). Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2015, ISBN 978-3-7995-9125-6 .
  • with Alfried Wieczorek , Bernd Schneidmüller, Stefan Weinfurter: The Wittelsbachers and the Electoral Palatinate in the Middle Ages. A success-story? Schnell + Steiner, Regensburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7954-2645-3 .
  • with Gerald Schwedler, Paul Töbelmann: Political meetings and their rituals. Forms of representation and decision-making processes of the empire and the church in the late Middle Ages (= Middle Ages research. Vol. 27). Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 3-7995-4278-7 .

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ See the reviews of Marie-Luise Heckmann in: Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung 43 (2016), pp. 113–115 ( online ); Franz Fuchs in: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 72 (2016), p. 760 f .; Annika Pröbe in: H-Soz-Kult , March 12, 2014, ( online ); Hubertus Seibert in: sehepunkte 14 (2014), No. 10 [15. October 2014], ( online ); Harald Winkel in: Nassauische Annalen 125 (2014), pp. 464–465; Jean-Marie Moeglin in: Le Moyen Âge 121 (2015), pp. 576-578; Manfred Groten in: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins 162 (2014), pp. 575–576 ( online ); Heribert Müller in: Historische Zeitschrift 300 (2015), pp. 786–788; Immo Eberl in: Blätter für Wuerttemberg Church History 114 (2014) pp. 458–459.
  2. ↑ See the reviews of Andrew DM Barrell in: The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 60 (2009), pp. 796–798 ( online ); James A. Brundage in: Speculum 85 (2010), pp. 1008-1009; George T. Beech in: Francia-Recensio 2010/3 ( online ); Harald Müller in: Historische Zeitschrift 290 (2010), pp. 762–763.
  3. ^ Jörg Peltzer: Becoming a prince: Ranks raised in the 14th century - the Roman-German Empire and England in comparison. Berlin 2019; Jörg Peltzer: The institutionalization of the rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine in the 13th and 14th centuries. In: Jörg Peltzer, Bernd Schneidmüller, Alfried Wieczorek (eds.): The Wittelsbachers and the Electoral Palatinate in the Middle Ages. A success-story? Regensburg 2013, pp. 89-107.
  4. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 37.
  5. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 31.
  6. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 34.
  7. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 22.
  8. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 26.
  9. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 27.
  10. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: The rank of the Count Palatine near the Rhine. The shaping of the political and social order of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries. Ostfildern 2013, p. 24.
  11. ↑ See Marie-Luise Heckmann in: Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung 43 (2016), pp. 113–115 ( online ).
  12. ↑ See the reviews of Sabine Wefers in: Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung 43, 2016, pp. 100–102 ( online ); Jörg Schwarz in: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter 79, 2015, pp. 294–296 ( online ); Doris Bulach in: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 70, 2014, pp. 382–384 ( online ); Hubertus Seibert in: Nassauische Annalen 126, 2015, pp. 444–448.
  13. ↑ See the reviews by Christian Jaser in: Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung 44/1 (2017), pp. 83–85 ( online ); Georg Jostkleigrewe in: Francia-Recensio 2017/1, ( online ); Kurt Andermann in: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins 164 (2016), pp. 603–604 ( online ); Jonathan R. Lyon in: German History 34/2 (2016), pp. 322-324; Claus Heinrich Bill in: Journal for German Aristocracy Research (2016) ( online ).
  14. ↑ Klaus Oschema, Christina Andenna, Gert Melville, Jörg Peltzer (eds.): The performance of the mighty. Rank and Idoneity in Courtly Societies of the Late Middle Ages. Ostfildern 2015, p. 7.
  15. ↑ See the discussions by Dominik Waßenhoven in: Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 74 (2018), p. 942 f .; Andreas Bihrer in: Historische Zeitschrift 305 (2017), pp. 816–817; Johanna Dale in: German Historical Institute London Bulletin 40 (2018), pp. 116–121 ( online ); Tom License in: Francia-Recensio 2017–3 ( online ); Benjamin Pohl in: H-Soz-Kult , March 1, 2017, ( online ).
  16. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: 1066. The fight for England's crown. Munich 2016, p. 14.
  17. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: 1066. The fight for England's crown. Munich 2016, p. 285.
  18. ↑ See the review by Christina Bröker in: H-Soz-Kult , May 27, 2020, ( online ).
  19. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: Become a prince. Ranks Raised in the 14th Century - The Roman-German Empire and England in Comparison. Berlin et al. 2019, p. 17.
  20. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: Become a prince. Ranks raised in the 14th century. The Roman-German Empire and England in comparison. Berlin et al. 2019, p. 11.
  21. ↑ Jörg Peltzer: Become a prince. Ranks raised in the 14th century. The Roman-German Empire and England in comparison. Berlin et al. 2019, p. 14 f.
  22. ^ Jürgen Dendorfer: Counts, Margraves, Dukes - The rank of the principes and the court of kings in the East Franconian-German Empire (11th / 12th century). In: Jörg Peltzer (Ed.): Rank and Order. The Formation of Aristocratic Elites in Western and Central Europe, 500–1500. Ostfildern 2015, pp. 99–116 ( online ).
personal data
SURNAME Peltzer, Jörg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Peltzer, Jörg Henning (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH 1975