Ahmed Tevfik Pasha

Tevfik Pasha with his daughters.

Ahmed Tevfik Pascha (since 1934: Okday , born February 11, 1845 in Istanbul , † October 8, 1936 there ) was the last Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire .

His father was the general of the cavalry İsmail Hakkı Pasha and his mother Gülşinas Banu. Allegedly his family comes from the Crimean Tatar ruling dynasty.

Tevfik left the military as a first lieutenant in 1865 to work in the translation agency of the Sublime Porte . From 1868 to 1875 Tevfik was second secretary in the embassies in Rome, Vienna and Berlin. In 1875 he was promoted to 1st secretary in Athens. After 1872 he was ambassador in Berlin and Athens , and later Minister for Trade and Public Works.

After the Young Turk Revolution of 1908, Ahmed Tevfik was a member of parliament .

When the Grand Vizier Hüseyin Hilmi Pascha resigned after the uprising of March 31, Tevfik was appointed as his successor. After Sultan Abdülhamid II was deposed on April 27, 1909 , Tevfik Pasha resigned and became ambassador to London. His second term as Grand Vizier lasted from November 11, 1918 to March 10, 1919. In January 1919, he formed a government that was close to the Sultan. However, this displeased the Freedom and Unity Party and he had to give up his office.

During the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 Tevfik Pasha was the head of the Ottoman delegation. His third and final term of office as Grand Vizier began on October 21, 1920. It ended on November 17, 1922, as the office of Grand Vizier also ceased with the abolition of the Sultanate .

In 1934, Tevfik adopted Okday as a surname as part of the naming law reform in Turkey . Ahmed Tevfik Pasha died on October 8, 1936.

literature

• Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf: Tevfik Pascha, Ahmed . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 4. Munich 1981, pp. 292-294
• Şefik Okday: The last Grand Vizier and his Prussian sons. Muster-Schmidt Verlag, Göttingen and Zurich 1991, ISBN 3-7881-1533-5

Web links

• Official website of the descendants of Ahmed Tevfik Pasha ( Memento of April 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ^ Convention Chemin de Fer Salonique-Constantinople . In: Corps de droit ottoman . S. 104 ( html - original wording of the license).

predecessor	Office	successor
Kıbrıslı Kâmil Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire March 31, 1909–27. April 1909	Hüseyin Hilmi Pascha
Ahmed İzzet Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire November 11, 1918-10. March 1919	Damad Ferid Pasha
Damat Ferid Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire October 21, 1920–17. November 1922	Office of Grand Vizier abolished