Alexander Stepanowitsch Kaminsky

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Alexander Kaminski

Alexander Stepanowitsch Kaminski (sometimes erroneously written Kamenski, Russian Алекса́ндр Степа́нович Ками́нский (Каме́нский) ; * November 28th July / December 10th  1829 greg .; † December 5th July / December 17,  1897 in Moscow was a Russian greg Architect .

Life

Kaminski came from a noble Ukrainian family. After attending grammar school, he began studying at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg in 1848 in the class of the architect Konstantin Andrejewitsch Thon . On behalf of Thons, he participated in the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow under the direction of his older brother Josif .

Sofja Mikhailovna Tretyakova

1857–1860 he continued his education abroad. In Paris he met the art collector and patron Pawel Mikhailovich Tretyakov , whose sister Sofja Mikhailovna Tretyakova (1839–1902) he married in November 1862.

Kaminski was the family architect of the Tretyakovs throughout his life. In particular, he repeatedly rebuilt Tretyakov's house for his growing collection of paintings . This also gave him orders from other wealthy merchant families, such as the Botkins and the Morosows . He built a lot in Moscow Oblast and Ivanovo . He later carried out the interior work on the Resurrection Cathedral in Jelez on behalf of Thons .

In 1867 Kaminski became the senior architect of the Moscow Merchants Company , on whose behalf he rebuilt the Moscow Stock Exchange , built by Mikhail Dorimedontowitsch Bykowski , and the company's administration building, along with a number of other works. Converting old Empire-style houses into contemporary apartment buildings has long been a routine job for Kaminski. He also built city villas in the style of bygone times. Its hospitals and poor houses are also known. From 1880–1882 he participated together with the architect August Weber in the planning and construction of the pavilions of the All-Russian Industrial and Crafts Exhibition in 1882 on the Chodynka field .

At the end of the 1880s, the budding architect Fyodor Ossipowitsch Schechtel worked as Kaminski's assistant . Another assistant was Ivan Timofejewitsch Baryutin , who carried out part of Kaminski's construction contracts. Several future masters went through the school of the Kaminski company, such as Ilja Jefgrafowitsch Bondarenko , Iwan Pawlowitsch Maschkow , Max Hoeppener , Semjon Semjonowitsch Eibuschiz , Leon Franzewitsch Daukscha and Konstantin Wiktorowitsch Terski .

Stylistically, Kaminski was an excellent representative of late eclecticism . To a large extent, he used both elements of Russian architecture and Gothic motifs. But like his teacher Thon, he did not follow a single style by finding a solution independent of style conventions for each type of building and each client. Its public buildings took on a decidedly representative and extremely pompous character, but even the largest appear like miniatures against the backdrop of the apartment buildings from the beginning of the 20th century and especially modern buildings.

In 1888 Kaminski's career broke off when the tenement house built by his company collapsed, killing 11 and injuring 11. Kaminski was found guilty of non-compliance with building safety standards and sentenced to six weeks' arrest. In 1893 he lost his last position as an architect of the merchant company.

1889-1892 Kaminski tried in vain as the founder and chief editor of the anthology of the works of Russian architects and engineers by popularizing his projects to restore his reputation and return to the construction elite. His last work was the Church of Saint Seraphim of Sarov in Sarov , which was consecrated in 1903.

Works

  • Anthology of the works of Russian architects and engineers (ed. AS Kaminski, Netyksa), 1890–1892 (Russian).

  • Moscow Stock Exchange

  • Kazan Monastery Cathedral

  • Kalinin Museum Moscow

  • Church in Ivanovo

  • Alexander and Maria College, Moscow

  • 6 Gogolevsky Boulevard, Moscow

  • Kalashniy Alley residential building, Moscow

  • Cathedral of St. Nicholas - monastery in Dzerzhinsky

  • Moscow Royal Pavilion

  • St. Joseph Monastery Moscow

  • Tretyakov Passage, Moscow

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Your Audioguide: The Tretyakov Gates (accessed on November 7, 2015.)
  2. ↑ Marija Wladimirowna Naschtschokina : Architects of Moscow Modernism - Portraits of their Creations . Schiraf Verlag, Moscow 2005, ISBN 5-89832-043-1 . (Russian).
  3. ^ Svetlana Kuznetsova: The golden age of Russian botch work . Kommersant No. 11, March 24, 2008 (Russian, accessed November 6, 2015)

Web links

Commons : Alexander Kaminski  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Kaminski, Alexander Stepanowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ками́нский, Алекса́ндр Степа́нович (Russian); Каме́нский, Алекса́ндр Степа́нович; Kamensky, Alexander Stepanowitsch; Kaminsky, Alexander Stepanovich; Kamensky, Alexander Stepanovich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian architect
DATE OF BIRTH December 10, 1829
DATE OF DEATH December 17, 1897
Place of death Moscow