Sawwa Timofejewitsch Morozov

Sawwa Morosow

Savva Timofeyevich Morozov ( Russian Савва Тимофеевич Морозов , scientific transliteration. Savva Morozov Timofeevic ; born February 3 ^{. Jul} / 15 February 1862 ^greg. In Orekhovo-Zuyevo , † May 13 ^jul. / May 26, 1905 ^greg. In Cannes ) was a Russian merchant , industrialist , patron, and philanthropist .

Life

Sawwa Morosow came from a traditional family of traders. His father was the entrepreneur Timofei Sawwitsch Morosow . After completing his schooling in the prestigious Moscow High School for Boys No. 4 , he studied physics and mathematics at Moscow University from 1881 and chemistry at the University of Cambridge from 1885 to 1887 . In England he visited textile factories and gained his first experience of organizing a textile factory.

1886 Morozov Director and was a shareholder of the textile company Morozov Son & Co . He was also the director of a brewery in Moscow. In 1890 he acquired a property in the Urals on the Wilwa in the Perm region . There he managed a forest and operated mines and a chemical factory to produce the new types of paint for his textile factories. In addition, he founded a steelworks there and another on the Iwak River. In 1905 he founded the stock company ST Morosow, Krel and Ottmann , in which the chemical factories were combined. Due to his high reputation, Morozov was elected chairman of the committee of the great Nizhny Novgorod fair .

In addition to his entrepreneurial activities, Morosow was a generous patron . In particular, he contributed significantly to the construction and operation of the Moscow Art Theater . Thanks to his work as an art collector , a large collection of paintings and art objects was created.

Politically, Morosow was rather liberal , so that he occasionally invited representatives of the constitutional parties to his neo-Gothic house. However, he also financed the social democratic newspaper Iskra through the mediation of Maria Andreyeva and others who favored the Bolsheviks . He was a friend of Maxim Gorkis and Leonid Krassin .

At the beginning of the revolution in 1905 , he addressed the former finance minister Sergei Witte that a constitution was essential for the Russian Empire with the assurance of freedom of association , a ban on censorship , compulsory education and budgetary control . When his workers went on strike in February 1905, he asked the board of directors to respond to their demands. However, his mother Maria Fyodorovna Morozova refused to chair the board and dismissed him from the board in March.

On medical advice, Morosow and his wife Sinaida Grigoryevna (previously the wife of his nephew 2nd degree) traveled to the Côte d'Azur to recover, apparently because of signs of depression . A few days after his arrival in Cannes he died of a gunshot wound, which was interpreted as suicide . He was buried in the Rogozhskoye Cemetery in Moscow. His wife later married the Moscow military governor General Rheinbott .

The entrepreneur Varwara Alexejewna Morosowa was the wife of Morosow's second cousin Abram Abramowitsch Morosow .

Morozov's house became the headquarters of the Moscow Proletkult .

Remarks

1. ^ Culture of the Future: The Proletkult Movement in Revolutionary Russia by Lynn Mally, University of California Press 1980