Alexandra Osipovna Ishimova

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Alexandra Osipovna Ischimowa ( Russian Александра Осиповна Ишимова * December 25, 1804 . Jul / 6. January  1805 greg. In Kostroma , † June 4 jul. / 16th June  1881 greg. In St. Petersburg ) was a Russian children's and Author and translator for young people .

Life

Ischimowas father Ossip (Iossif) Filippowitsch Ischimow came from Vyatka and served before his marriage in the office of the governor general of the governorates Vyatka and Kazan prince Platon Stepanowitsch Meshchersky . Because of his critical thinking, Ishimov was exiled to Tobolsk , where he soon became director of the Tobolsk primary elementary school as a college assessor (8th grade ). In Tobolsk, Ishimov married the daughter of the chairman of the civil chamber. Soon the family moved to Kostroma.

In 1805 Ischimow was transferred to St. Petersburg with an appointment to the court councilor (7th class), so that Ischimowa grew up in St. Petersburg. She received her education at home and in boarding schools for girls as well as through self-study, which showed her talent for foreign languages. In 1818 she left the girls' boarding school and prepared to enter the St. Petersburg Katharina Institute for noble girls. After a failed trial against a relative of Alexei Andreevich Araktscheev , the father was exiled from St. Petersburg to Vologda and then to Ust-Syssolsk , so that the family was without income.

In 1825 the father was transferred to Kem in the Arkhangelsk governorate with the intention of exiling him to the Solovetsky monastery . Ischimowa then traveled to St. Petersburg and obtained her father's pardon in the audience of Alexander I. She opened a private school and worked as a translator of literary texts. Her first work was the translation of the Essai sur l'art d'être heureux by Joseph Droz in 1831 . During this time she met Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky , Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky , Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and other writers .

After Ishimova's success with a children's translation, she was advised to write a story of Russia for children based on the example of Walter Scott . So from August 1834 she worked on her main work on the history of Russia in stories for children, with which she became known nationwide. To do this, she studied all the sources at her disposal and in particular Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamsin's history of the Russian state. The first edition was published by the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences from 1837–1840 in six parts. On the day of his fatal duel, Pushkin sent her a letter with a book for translation in which he admiringly addressed her stories and apologized for not being able to accept her invitation. Ishimova's stories were received with enthusiasm. Vissarion Grigoryevich Belinsky considered the stories, which in his opinion were not aimed at children, but at teenagers and young adults, as an important contribution to Russian literature. The second edition appeared in 1841, for which it received the Demidow Prize .

Ischimowa was the monthly magazine Swjosdotschka for children (1842-1863) and Lutschi for girls (1850-1860) out. She wrote a number of her own stories and translated a lot from French and English , including the adventure novels by James Fenimore Cooper .

Ischimowa was buried in St. Petersburg in the Nicholas Cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Convent .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Аверьянова Л. Н .: Александра Осиповна Ишимова - известная русская писательница XIX века, педагог и переводчик . In: Школьная библиотека . No. 5 , 2004, p. 31-37 .
  2. ↑ Ишимова (Александра Иосифовна) . In: Brockhaus-Efron . XIIIa, 1894, p. 605 ( s: ru: ЭСБЕ / Ишимова, Александра Иосифовна accessed on August 7, 2018).
  3. ↑ Elibron: Александра Иосифовна Ишимова ( memento of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on August 7, 2018).
  4. ↑ П. Васильев: Ишимова, Александра Осиповна . In: Русский биографический словарь А. А. Половцова . tape 8 , 1897, p. 152 ( s: ru: РБС / ВТ / Ишимова, Александра Осиповна accessed on August 7, 2018).
  5. ↑ ИМПЕРАТОРСКИЙ ДОНОСИТЕЛЬ ( Memento from May 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on August 7, 2018).
  6. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей, В I . 1st edition. тип. Имп. Росс. Академии, St. Petersburg 1837 ( История России в рассказах для детей, В I accessed on August 7, 2018 [PDF]).
  7. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей, В II . 1st edition. тип. Имп. Росс. Академии, St. Petersburg 1837 ( История России в рассказах для детей, В II accessed on August 7, 2018 [PDF]).
  8. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей, В III . 1st edition. тип. Имп. Росс. Академии, St. Petersburg 1837 ( История России в рассказах для детей, В III accessed on August 7, 2018 [PDF]).
  9. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей, В IV . 1st edition. тип. Имп. Росс. Академии, St. Petersburg 1837 ( История России в рассказах для детей, В IV accessed on August 7, 2018 [PDF]).
  10. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей, В V . 1st edition. тип. Имп. Росс. Академии, St. Petersburg 1839 ( История России в рассказах для детей, В V accessed on August 7, 2018 [PDF]).
  11. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей, В VI . 1st edition. тип. Имп. Росс. Академии, St. Petersburg 1840 ( История России в рассказах для детей, В VI accessed on August 7, 2018 [PDF]).
  12. ↑ А. Л. Осиповат и Л. С. Пустильник: В. Г. Белинский: История России в рассказах для детей. Сочинение Александры Ишимовой (accessed August 7, 2018).
  13. ↑ Ischimowa AO: История России в рассказах для детей . 2nd Edition. тип. Е. Фишера, St. Petersburg 1841.
personal data
SURNAME Ischimowa, Alexandra Osipovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ишимова, Александра Осиповна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian author and translator for children and young people
DATE OF BIRTH January 6, 1805
PLACE OF BIRTH Kostroma
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1881
Place of death St. Petersburg