Arkhangelsk Governorate

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Official coat of arms of the Arkhangelsk Governorate in 1880
Map of the Arkhangelsk governorate around 1900

The Arkhangelsk Governorate ( Russian Архангельская губерния / Archangelskaja gubernija , wiss. Transliteration Archangel'skaja gubernija ) was a governorate in the Russian Empire and in the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic , which existed from 1796 to 1929. The capital of the governorate was the city of Arkhangelsk .

location

The Arkhangelsk Governorate was located in the northwest of the Russian Empire. It was bounded to the north by the White Sea and the Arctic Ocean . In the southeast it was bordered by the Tobolsk Governorate , in the south by the Vologda Governorate and in the southwest by the Olonez Governorate and the Kingdom of Sweden (from 1809 the Grand Duchy of Finland and 1917 Finland ). The Arkhangelsk governorate was thus the largest governorate in the European part of Russia.

history

In 1780, the Archangelgorod governorate , which existed in the same place, was dissolved by the ukase of Catherine the Great and its areas became part of the governorship of Vologda ( Вологодское наместничество , Vologodskoje namestnitschestvo ). This was divided into the Oblasts of Vologda , Arkhangelsk and Veliki Ustyug . In 1784, the areas of Arkhangelsk Oblast were split off as Arkhangelsk governorship . The Arkhangelsk governorate was finally renamed to Arkhangelsk Governorate on December 12, 1796 by ukase from Emperor Paul I. At the same time, the Olonets governorate was dissolved, with part of its territories passed into the possession of the Arkhangelsk governorate.

After the October Revolution , the Arkhangelsk Governorate lost a large part of its territories through the establishment of the Murmansk Governorate (1918), the Karelian Workers' Commune (1920; from 1922 Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ) and the Autonomous Komi Oblast (1922).

In 1929, the Arkhangelsk, Vologda and Northern Dvina Governorates and the Komi Autonomous Oblast were dissolved by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and became part of the Northern Krai .

Structure and population

When it was founded in 1796, the Arkhangelsk governorate was divided into the eight Ujesde Kolski , Kemski , Oneschski , Schenkurski , Cholmogorski , Arkhangelski , Pineschski and Mesenski . After some administrative reforms in the 19th century, the Arkhangelsk Governorate covered an area of ​​845,275 km² in 1897 and had 346,536 inhabitants, of which 47.26% were men and 52.74% women.

Administrative units of the Arkhangelsk Governorate 1897
Surname Russian Capital of the Ujesds Area in km² Residents Proportion of Russians Share of Komi * Share of Karelians * Share of Nenets * Proportion of Norwegians * Share of Finns * Share of seeds *
Arkhangelsky Ujesd Архангельский уезд Arkhangelsk 30,471 60,957 98.0%
Kemski Ujesd Кемский уезд Kem 40,599 35,392 45.0% 54.4%
Kolski Ujesd Кольский уезд Kola 148.182 9,291 63.1% 1.3% 2.8% 2.0% 11.7% 18.7%
Mesenski Ujesd Мезенский уезд Mesen 107.099 25,029 91.2% 4.4% 4.2%
Oneschski Ujesd Онежский уезд Onega 28,583 39,337 99.6%
Pechorsky Ujesd Печорский уезд Ust-Zilma 401,461 34,992 29.2% 62.8% 7.9%
Pineschski Ujesd Пинежский уезд Pinega 47,587 28,788 99.8%
Kholmogorsky Ujesd Холмогорский уезд Cholmogory 16,508 35,991 99.8%
Schenkurski Ujesd Шенкурский уезд Schenkursk 24,785 76,759 99.6%

(*) In lines without percentages, the proportion is less than 1%

After numerous other administrative reforms, the Arkhangelsk Governorate was divided into the five Ujesde Arkhangelski, Mesenski, Oneschski, Pechorski and Schenkurski in 1928 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d "Административно-территориальное деление Архангельской губернии в XVIII-XX вв." on rusarchives.ru ( Memento of the original from July 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Russian); Reviewed January 11, 2012  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / guides.rusarchives.ru
  2. ↑ a b Administrative districts of the Arkhangelsk governorate 1897 at demoscope.ru (Russian); Reviewed September 11, 2017
  3. ↑ language groups of the government Archangelsk 1897 at demoscope.ru (in Russian); Reviewed September 11, 2017

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